Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 1192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NSA is a comprehensive collection of international nuclear science and technology literature for the period 1948 through 1976, pre-dating the prestigious INIS database, which began in 1970. NSA existed as a printed product (Volumes 1-33) initially, created by DOE's predecessor, the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission (AEC). NSA includes citations to scientific and technical reports from the AEC, the U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration and its contractors, plus other agencies and international organizations, universities, and industrial and research organizations. References to books, conference proceedings, papers, patents, dissertations, engineering drawings, and journal articles from worldwide sources are also included. Abstracts and full text are provided if available.

Download or read book Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry Tenth International Symposium written by A. M. Garde and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1994 with total page 805 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Hydrogen Pickup During Corrosion of Zirconium Alloys written by Warren E. Berry and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Nuclear Engineering written by Dan Gabriel Cacuci and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-14 with total page 3701 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an authoritative compilation of information regarding methods and data used in all phases of nuclear engineering. Addressing nuclear engineers and scientists at all levels, this book provides a condensed reference on nuclear engineering since 1958.

Download or read book Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry written by George P. Sabol and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1996 with total page 907 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nickel and Its Alloys written by Samuel Jacob Rosenberg and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry written by Gerry D. Moan and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 2002 with total page 891 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation The 41 papers of this proceedings volume were first presented at the 13th symposium on Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry held in Annecy, France in June of 2001. Many of the papers are devoted to material related issues, corrosion and hydriding behavior, in-reactor studies, and the behavior and properties of Zr alloys used in storing spent fuel. Some papers report on studies of second phase particles, irradiation creep and growth, and material performance during loss of coolant and reactivity initiated accidents. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.

Download or read book Examinations of BWR corroded Zircaloy 2 Water Rods with XANES and XRD to Investigate the Role of Nickel in Enhancing Hydrogen Pickup at High Burnup written by Pierre Yanis Bouhaddane and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zirconium-based alloys have been used in nuclear reactors as fuel cladding and structural materials since the development of nuclear energy. Zircaloy-2, a Sn-Fe-Cr-Ni alloy was widely in service for years, and still is today in boiling water reactors (BWR). Among the many challenges the materials face during operation in the nuclear reactor, hydrogen pickup during corrosion of the metal components is of great concern due to the embrittlement properties of the zirconium hydrides. Zircaloy-2 materials show great corrosion resistance in the boiling environment but many in-pile fuel cladding and structural components, such as water rods and channel boxes, revealed accelerated ingress of hydrogen at high burnup when exposed for additional cycles in the reactor, while Zircaloy-4 components did not. The industry is driven toward increasing the fuel burnup in the reactors, as it reduces operation costs, and therefore it is necessary to prevent this effect from happening in modern alloys. Because the main difference between Zircaloy-2 and Zircaloy-4 is the removal of nickel replaced by additional iron in Zircaloy-4 - nickel was linked to increased hydrogen pickup as early as the 1960's - nickel was thought responsible for this acceleration of hydrogen pickup during the additional cycles in the reactors. In a previous study, metallic nickel was measured in the oxide layer near the metal interface of high hydrogen pickup Zry-2 water rods. In this work, additional materials were selected at low and high elevations in the Zircaloy-2 water rods corroded for 3 and 4 cycles in a BWR (Limerick-1) with low and high hydrogen pickup respectively; and were examined by microbeam X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES), microbeam X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in an effort to verify and understand further this observation. Cross-sectional samples were prepared from the two water rods and investigated at the Advance Photon Source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL). In each material, the oxidation state of nickel atoms in the thick oxide layers was measured as a function of distance from the metal interface by XANES. The results confirm the presence of metallic nickel in the oxide layer of the high elevation material/high hydrogen pickup material (4 cycles) where 30-35% metallic nickel was seen in the near oxide (up to 10-12 [mu]m from the metal interface), as previously observed in two other high hydrogen pickup materials. At low elevation in the high hydrogen pickup water rod, the correlation was not directly verified (nickel atoms were fully oxidized in the oxide layer past 3-4 [mu]m from the metal/oxide interface) but we argue that the high hydrogen content observed at that location results from the diffusion down the water rod of hydrogen absorbed at higher elevation, driven by the concentration and temperature axial gradients. A detailed analysis of the XANES signal from the metallic nickel atoms in the oxide layer of the high hydrogen pickup material suggest that these nickel atoms are no longer bonded to zirconium atoms, which shows that the metallic nickel which can affect hydrogen pickup consists of atoms in solid solution or in small clusters in the oxide layer, rather than in second phase precipitates. This is in agreement with recent APT examinations of high burnup Zry-2 materials with high hydrogen pickup in which the nickel atoms were seen uniformly distributed in the oxide layer and only small clusters were observed. Additionally, metallic nickel in the outer oxide region close to the water interface was observed in most materials, with the highest metallic fraction (up to 75%) in the low hydrogen content samples. Nickel and iron high fluorescence counts near the oxide/water interface confirmed that the nickel atoms at that location corresponded to deposits from the corrosion of other reactor components on the water rod oxide surfaces. However, these metallic nickel atoms near the water interface of the thick oxide layers (>25 [mu]m) do not seem to affect the hydrogen uptake in the Zry-2 materials as they were mostly observed in the low hydrogen pickup samples. Many cracks (lateral and through thickness) were seen in the oxide layers of the materials with SEM imaging of the prepared samples, especially in the high hydrogen pickup water rod at high elevation. In all four materials investigated, the oxide layers were rather uniform, but extensive circumferential oxide thickness variations could be observed between different regions of the water rods. An increase in oxidation kinetics during the 4th cycle was seen at mid/high elevation, where the irradiation flux is the most intense, by comparing the oxide thicknesses of the 3-cycles to 4-cycles GNF water rods and was correlated to the presence of nickel in the oxide layer. As such, irradiation seems to play an important role in accelerating corrosion (as previously reported) and in stabilizing metallic nickel in the oxide layer (and in turn enhancing hydrogen pickup). Concurrently to the XANES examinations, X-ray diffraction patterns were collected in the oxide layers of the cross-section samples as a function of distance from the bulk metal in order to investigate the oxide microstructure (phase content, grain size, texture) of in-reactor Zry-2 materials at high burnup with low and high hydrogen pickup fraction. The oxide layers formed on the BWR Zry-2 water rod consisted of small and highly oriented monoclinic oxide grains, with a small fraction of tetragonal grains, maximum near the metal interface (3-6%). Grain growth was observed in all materials as the oxide thickens, especially at high elevation, with grain sizes at 17-20 nm near the bulk metal and 33-38 nm in the outer region. Additionally, small grains compose the oxide region near the metal/oxide interface of the high elevation/high hydrogen pickup material which is coherent with accelerated corrosion taking place during the 4th cycle. In all materials, an orientation relationship was apparent between the (111) m-ZrO_2 and the (101 ̅0) [alpha]-Zr crystal planes, and for a significant fraction of the oxide grains throughout the whole oxide layer, the (200) m-ZrO_2 direction is close to the oxide growth direction. This is coherent with previous XRD examinations of autoclave and in-reactor corroded Zr-alloys. After a thorough review of the presented results and of the literature available, the author proposed a mechanism for the enhancement of hydrogen uptake in Zry-2 materials in BWR at high burnup. A combination of a thick, porous oxide layer, of high fluence, of high irradiation flux and of low linear power -- especially for fuel rods -- are thought to be necessary conditions for the stability of metallic nickel in the near oxide layer of Zry-2 materials during additional cycles at high burnup. These metallic nickel atoms then catalyze the hydrogen absorption surface reaction at cracks and pores surfaces near the metal interface, as previously suggested, resulting in increased hydrogen pickup by the material. In turn, the results presented in this study support that the acceleration of hydrogen pickup observed in Zry-2 materials at high burnup in BWR is not likely to occur in the modern Ni-free Zr alloys.

Download or read book Construction Materials for Coal Conversion written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 792 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Titanium and Titanium Alloys written by Christoph Leyens and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-03-06 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is an excellent reference for materials scientists and engineers needing to gain more knowledge about these engineering materials. Following introductory chapters on the fundamental materials properties of titanium, readers will find comprehensive descriptions of the development, processing and properties of modern titanium alloys. There then follows detailed discussion of the applications of titanium and its alloys in aerospace, medicine, energy and automotive technology.

Download or read book Metals Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995-07 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Green Corrosion Inhibitors written by V. S. Sastri and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-02-14 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A book to cover developments in corrosion inhibitors is long overdue. This has been addressed by Dr Sastri in a book which presents fundamental aspects of corrosion inhibition, historical developments and the industrial applications of inhibitors. The book deals with the electrochemical principles and chemical aspects of corrosion inhibition, such as stability of metal complexes, the Hammett equation, hard and soft acid and base principle, quantum chemical aspects and Hansch' s model and also with the various surface analysis techniques, e.g. XPS, Auger, SIMS and Raman spectroscopy, that are used in industry for corrosion inhibition. The applications of corrosion inhibition are wide ranging. Examples given in this book include: oil and gas wells, petrochemical plants, steel reinforced cement, water cooling systems, and many more. The final chapters discuss economic and environmental considerations which are now of prime importance. The book is written for researchers in academia and industry, practicing corrosion engineers and students of materials science, engineering and applied chemistry.

Download or read book Review of Zircaloy 2 and Zircaloy 4 Properties Relevant to N S Savannah Reactor Design written by C. L. Whitmarsh and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Corrosion Prevention and Protection written by Edward Ghali and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-01-30 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corrosion Prevention and Protection: Practical Solutions presents a functional approach to the various forms of corrosion, such as uniform corrosion, pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion, galvanic corrosion, stress corrosion, hydrogen-induced damage, sulphide stress cracking, erosion-corrosion, and corrosion fatigue in various industrial environments. The book is split into two parts. The first, consisting of five chapters: Introduction and Principles (Fundamentals) of Corrosion Corrosion Testing, Detection, Monitoring and Failure Analysis Regulations, Specifications and Safety Materials: Metals, Alloys, Steels and Plastics Corrosion Economics and Corrosion Management The second part of the book consists of two chapters which present: a discussion of corrosion reactions, media, active and active-passive corrosion behaviour and the various forms of corrosion, a collection of case histories and practical solutions which span a wide range of industrial problems in a variety of frequently encountered environments, including statues & monuments, corrosion problems in metallurgical and mineral processing plants, boilers, heat exchangers and cooling towers, aluminum and copper alloys, galvanized steel structures as well as hydrogeological environmental corrosion This text is relevant to researchers and practitioners, engineers and chemists, working in corrosion in industry, government laboratories and academia. It is also suitable as a course text for engineering students as well as libraries related to chemical and chemical engineering institutes and research departments.

Download or read book Magnetic Fusion Technology written by Thomas J. Dolan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-02-10 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetic Fusion Technology describes the technologies that are required for successful development of nuclear fusion power plants using strong magnetic fields. These technologies include: • magnet systems, • plasma heating systems, • control systems, • energy conversion systems, • advanced materials development, • vacuum systems, • cryogenic systems, • plasma diagnostics, • safety systems, and • power plant design studies. Magnetic Fusion Technology will be useful to students and to specialists working in energy research.

Download or read book Mechanical Alloying And Milling written by Cury Suryanarayana and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-09-28 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book surveys the broad field of mechanical alloying from a scientific and technological perspective to form a timely and comprehensive resource valuable to both students and researchers. The treatment progresses from the historical background through a description of the process, the different metastable effects produced, and the mechanisms of

Download or read book Hydrogen Absorption in Zircaloy During Aqueous Corrosion written by E. Hillner and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: