Download or read book Corrosion and conservation of cultural heritage metallic artefacts written by D. Watkinson and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Relationships between conservation and corrosion scientists are assessed and similarities, differences and synergies identified. Corrosion control as a preservation option for heritage metals is advocated as being cost-effective and pragmatic. This will require generation of data to develop predictive conservation and estimation of object lifespan as a function of their intrinsic and extrinsic variables. Methods for quantitative determination of corrosion rates of chloride infested heritage iron and techniques for scaling to heritage value are discussed. The iron hull of the ss Great Britain and an AHRC/EPSRC Heritage Science Research Programme at Cardiff University are used to illustrate the rationale behind using corrosion control in heritage.

Download or read book Corrosion and conservation of cultural heritage metallic artefacts written by A. Adriaens and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter discusses the evaluation of metal conservation treatments using a specialized electrochemical cell. The cell can be deployed in a synchrotron beam line to make in-situ, time-lapse measurements on heritage metal alloys undergoing processes based on electrochemical treatments/measurements. We focus on two specific projects: (1) the evaluation of currently used stabilization processes for cupreous objects recovered from marine environments, and (2) the development and testing of a coating to protect lead objects which is stable, reversible (i.e. easy to apply and to remove), protective against corrosion and aesthetically justified.

Download or read book Corrosion and Conservation of Cultural Heritage Metallic Artefacts written by P Dillmann and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The conservation of metallic archaeological and historic artefacts is a major challenge whether they are ancient bronzes or relics of our more recent industrial past. Based on the work of Working Party 21 Corrosion of Archaeological and Historical Artefacts within the European Federation of Corrosion (EFC), this important book summarises key recent research on analytical techniques, understanding corrosion processes and preventing the corrosion of cultural heritage metallic artefacts.After an introductory part on some of the key issues in this area, part two reviews the range of analytical techniques for measuring and analysing corrosion processes, including time resolved spectroelectrochemistry, voltammetry and laser induced breakdown spectroscopy. Part three reviews different types of corrosion processes for a range of artefacts, whilst part four discusses on-site monitoring techniques. The final part of the book summaries a range of conservation techniques and strategies to conserve cultural heritage metallic artefacts.Corrosion and conservation of cultural heritage metallic artefacts is an important reference for all those involved in archaeology and conservation, including governments, museums as well as those undertaking research in archaeology and corrosion science. - Summarises key research on analytical techniques for measuring and analysing corrosion processes - Provides detailed understanding of corrosion processes and corrosion prevention - Discusses on-site monitoring techniques

Download or read book Corrosion and conservation of cultural heritage metallic artefacts written by D. Neff and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter introduces the techniques used when investigating corrosion layers formed on cultural heritage artefacts. Various multiscale analysis methods, from macroscopic to nanoscopic scales, are presented. Information on the morphology, the elementary composition and the crystalline structure that each method allows for determining the constituents of the corrosion layers is examined, as well as their limits in terms of set-up, spatial and detection resolution. This chapter discusses the characteristics of the scientific tools that can be used to understand corrosion phenomena, by taking into account the major parameters responsible for alteration mechanisms.

Download or read book Corrosion and conservation of cultural heritage metallic artefacts written by P. Dillmann and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Corrosion and conservation of cultural heritage metallic artefacts written by M. Parvis and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter attempts to address monitoring problems from a wider point of view than is usual in the cultural heritage field. It discusses the issues connected to variations of space and time in the measured quantities. Some differently structured systems which can be employed in designing a monitoring infrastructure are discussed and a case study is reported to illustrate the practical application of general guidelines.

Download or read book Corrosion and conservation of cultural heritage metallic artefacts written by E. Cano and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter reviews the applicability and specific uses of corrosion inhibitors in metal conservation practice. Corrosion inhibitors are one of the different methods used by conservation-restoration professionals to preserve metallic cultural heritage. In the first part, specific requirements and needs for corrosion inhibitors in conservation treatments are reviewed, as well as the different methods for the assessment of their efficiency. The second part of the chapter reviews the different inhibitors used by type of metals: copper and its alloys, iron and its alloys, and other metals (including silver, lead and zinc), from traditional ones to state-of-the-art treatments.

Download or read book Corrosion and conservation of cultural heritage metallic artefacts written by M. Abdel Harith and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the present chapter laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is introduced as a powerful spectrochemical analytical technique that can be exploited to characterize corroded artifacts. Scientific and technological aspects of LIBS are briefly presented. LIBS does not need sample preparation, it is nondestructive and it can be used for in-situ measurements. Examples of LIBS applications that can help archaeologists in conservation and restoration of metallic artifacts are given. We demonstrated the use of LIBS in analysis of corroded metal threads, depth profiling of copper-based decorative artefact, analysis of corroded Punic coins, and LIBS and XRF analysis of Roman silver denarii.

Download or read book Corrosion and conservation of cultural heritage metallic artefacts written by E. Angelini and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter deals with an overview of the application of plasma technologies, an innovative environmentally friendly class of processes for the surface modification of materials, for cleaning and protection of metallic artefacts. Examples of plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) of organosilicon precursors are described and appear particularly promising for the corrosion protection of the different metallic substrates such as iron-based alloys, copper and silver-based alloys of archaeological and historical-artistic interest.

Download or read book Corrosion and conservation of cultural heritage metallic artefacts written by D.A. Scott and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metallographic investigations may be an essential component in the search for authenticity and fabrication technology. Assessing how an artefact is made may involve metallographic examination, usually entailing the removal of a small sample from the object concerned. Examples of the use of metallography are discussed with reference to copper alloys, high-tin bronzes, Chinese bronze mirrors, copper plaques, iron and steels, and plated or coated metals, such as depletion gilded surfaces or those covered with gold foil or other metals. The different types of features which metallography can reveal concerning ancient metallic structures are briefly discussed with several colour photomicrographs which illustrate the features described in this chapter. The importance of metallography as one component of the scientific tools to aid in the determination of authenticity of ancient metallic artefacts is stressed, and an example given of old electrotypes from the Victoria and Albert Museum. Important literature references are provided to direct the reader to more detailed studies on the subject.

Download or read book Corrosion and conservation of cultural heritage metallic artefacts written by L.M. Abrantes and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter describes the recent advances in corrosion protection afforded by the use of ultra-thin organic films such as polymer films and self-assembled monolayers. Emphasis is given to the metal surface modification by self-assembled monolayers of carboxylic acids due to their properties and ability to protect metallic artefacts.

Download or read book Corrosion and conservation of cultural heritage metallic artefacts written by H. Matthiesen and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxygen is a key factor in corrosion and decay of artefacts from our cultural heritage. The measurement of oxygen concentrations and quantification of oxygen consumption is therefore extremely useful in both corrosion and conservation science. This chapter focuses on two aspects of oxygen monitoring: first, measurement of oxygen consumption of cultural heritage artefacts to evaluate their corrosion rate and the efficiency of conservation treatments, and second, measurement of oxygen concentration in the burial environment to evaluate the preservation conditions and understand the formation of different corrosion products in situ. The chapter includes a short description of equipment for oxygen measurement, and gives some examples of its use for monitoring purposes.

Download or read book Corrosion and conservation of cultural heritage metallic artefacts written by V. Argyropoulos and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter discusses the importance of using standards in conservation methodology and practice for cultural heritage (CH) metals. The past general trend in the field is the use of metal industry standards. The chapter surveys the relevant scientific publications, and concludes that conservation researchers use a variety of these standards adopted by different organisations. As a result, it can be difficult to compare scientific data for CH metal studies carried out by different laboratories. The chapter discusses the necessity to draft new standards for metals specific for CH by examining how three independent researchers had different findings when testing the same coating. The role of CEN/TC 346 ‘Conservation of Cultural Heritage’ is also discussed.

Download or read book Corrosion and conservation of cultural heritage metallic artefacts written by P. Letardi and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The basic principles of corrosion and electrochemistry are briefly summarised to indicate the capabilities of electrochemical techniques in diagnostic and conservation of heritage metals. The basic elements of each electrochemical measurement – cell, electrolyte, instrumentation – are schematically illustrated in the specific application to cultural heritage. The different measurement techniques are reviewed, divided into three groups: (1) potential measurements; (2) DC techniques; (3) AC techniques. The aims and fields of application are discussed, reporting several examples of specific applications in the field of cultural heritage.

Download or read book Corrosion and Conservation of Cultural Heritage Metallic Artefacts written by D Watkinson editado por P Dillmann (E Angelini, A Adriaens) and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Corrosion and conservation of cultural heritage metallic artefacts written by F. Zucchi and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter gives general information on the production of sol-gel coatings with alkoxysilanes. Some examples of their application on outdoor bronze artefacts are reported. The protective effects of 3-mercapto-trimethoxysilyl-propane (Prop-SH) hydroalcoholic solution on polished and patinated bronzes were studied. Electrochemical tests, performed in acidic artificial rain (AAR, pH 3.1) and in 5% NaCl solution for 168h, were checked in 45d AAR Salt Cabinet and in 30d ASTM B117 Test on bronze statues. The treatment with Prop-SH showed high efficiency towards the corrosion both in AAR and in 5% NaCl.

Download or read book Corrosion and conservation of cultural heritage metallic artefacts written by J. Monnier and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors consider the case of iron atmospheric corrosion to illustrate the possibility of developing a conservation diagnosis for a given material in a given environment. In the particular case of iron atmospheric corrosion, samples from the site of the Amiens Cathedral in the North of France have been characterised in order to identify the different phases constituting the corrosion product layers. The layers consist of a matrix of iron oxy-hydroxide goethite embedded with several ferrihydrite marblings. Other phases such as as lepidocrocite, maghemite and akaganeite are present in minor quantities. A degradation index is first defined from the phase proportions and from the intrinsic electrochemical properties of those phases. Further, the electrochemical reactivity of scratched rust powders has been studied to define a second degradation index. From these two degradation indices a first step towards a corrosion diagnosis method is proposed.