Download or read book Correlations Between Land and Opportunity Access and Migration Status Among Youth and Young Adults written by Megan O. Bellinger and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Higher Education Youth and Migration in Contexts of Disadvantage written by Faith Mkwananzi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-30 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the lives, experiences and the formation of higher educational aspirations among marginalised migrant youth in South Africa. Using a case study based in Johannesburg, the author illuminates their voices in order to demonstrate the reality faced by these young people in the context of migration to the Global South. Within the complex landscape of global and African migration, this book draws on detailed narratives to understand the conditions under which aspirations for higher education are – or are not – developed. In doing so, the author highlights the value of understanding individual lives, experiences and opportunities from a human development point of view, capturing the multidimensional disadvantages experienced by migrants in a balanced, intersectional manner. Balancing empirical data with theoretical analysis, this volume tells a rich, nuanced story about marginalised migrant youth – an essential work for understanding the conditions necessary for such youth to live valuable lives in both local and international contexts. This book will appeal to students and scholars of youth migration, aspiration and educational opportunities, particularly within the Global South.
Download or read book Role of land access in youth migration and youth employment decisions Empirical evidence from rural Nigeria written by Ghebru, Hosaena and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2018-10-22 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper examines the role of land access in youth migration and employment decisions using a two wave panel data set from the Living Standards Measurement Study—Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA) from Nigeria. Overall, the findings show that the size of expected land inheritance is significantly and negatively associated with long distance migration and migration to urban areas, while a similar impact is negligible when a broader definition of migration is adopted and when migration is deemed as temporary. A more disaggregated analysis by considering individual characteristics of the youth shows that results are more elastic for older youth and those that are less educated, while we find no difference when comparisons are made by gender. Similar analysis on the influence of land access on youth employment choices shows strong evidence that the larger the size of the expected land inheritance the lower the likelihood of the youth being involved in non-agricultural activities and a higher chance of staying in agriculture or the dual sector. The results further reveal that youth in areas with a high level of agricultural commercialization and modernization seem to be more responsive to land access considerations in making migration and employment decisions than are youth residing in less commercialized areas. Finally, the results from the differential analysis suggest that rural-to-urban migration and the likelihood of youth involvement in the dual economy is more responsive to the size of the expected land inheritance for less educated youth as compared to more educated ones.
Download or read book Addressing rural youth migration at its root causes A Conceptual Framework written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2016-01-01 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Distress migration is particularly acute among rural youth. Agriculture and rural development are central to the rate of rural out-migration to urban areas. The agricultural sector needs to engage youth in order to increase global food production. In doing so, agricultural transformation can balance out-migration from rural areas and thus contribute to stable growth. This document presents the conceptual framework for distress migration of rural youth. The framework focuses on the migration of rural youth (aged 15–24), who account for a large proportion of migrants and are a particularly vulnerable group. The framework comprises three sections: 1. Analysis of the main factors determining the propensity of rural youth to migrate; 2. Assessment of the likely impacts of distress migration of rural youth in terms of rural development for local areas of origin; 3. Illustration of the most promising policies and programmes to reduce distress migration of rural youth and maximize its dev elopmental benefits for the communities of origin.
Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Download or read book The effect of land inheritance on youth employment and migration decisions Evidence from rural Ethiopia written by Kosec, Katrina and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2017-03-28 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Ethiopia, there are two binding forces (push and pull) that deserve attention when it comes to youth occupational and spatial mobility choices and the national land use and transfer policy. On the one hand, the fact that the land rental market in Ethiopia is supply constrained due to market and policy distortions marginalizes youth and serves as a push factor leading them to look elsewhere for a livelihood strategy. On the other hand, the regulatory conditions and restrictions attached to land use and inheritance rights may serve as a pull factor and force youth to be tied to the rural and/or farming sector. Our study thus aims to explore how youth land access (both inheritance and market-based) affects their migration and employment decisions. We explore this question in the context of rural Ethiopia using panel data from 2010 and 2014. We find that larger expected land inheritances significantly lower the likelihood of long-distance permanent migration and of permanent migration to urban areas during this time. Inheriting more land is also associated with a significantly higher likelihood of employment in agriculture and a lower likelihood of employment in the nonagricultural sector. Conversely, the decision to attend school is unaffected. These results appear to be most heavily driven by males and by the older half of our youth sample. We also find several mediating factors matter. Land inheritance plays a much more pronounced role in predicting rural-to-urban permanent migration and nonagricultural-sector employment in areas with less vibrant land markets and in relatively remote areas (those far from major urban centers). Overall, the results reaffirm the notion that push factors dominate pull factors in dictating occupational and migration decisions in Ethiopia and highlight youth preferences to use migration or non-agricultural employment as a last resort after exhausting other means of accessing land, such as temporary land rental.
Download or read book China s Youth written by Li Chunling and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2021-09-28 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the young adults who came of age during the rise of China's economic and global power This book by a prominent Chinese sociologist explores how China's youth will influence the country's future. Focusing on millennials—those born between the early 1980s and the mid-1990s—the book examines the status, lifestyles, attitudes, values, and behaviors of this key segment of the country's population. Li Chunling's study presents a native Chinese perspective on the increasingly diverse generation that at some point will assume leadership of the country. Among the key questions addressed in the book are: How do Chinese millennials differ both from preceding generations in China and from their counterparts around the world? How can current and future relations between Chinese millennials and the Chinese government be assessed? And, what are the factors or fault lines that have shaped the intra-generational differences among China's young people? Members of this age cohort are extraordinary, and in some respects unique, in contemporary China. Their ascent has accompanied five historic and far-reaching developments. These include China's rapid economic rise, the adoption of the one-child-per-family policy, the largest domestic rural-to-urban migration in Chinese history, the opening of extensive educational opportunities abroad, and the arrival of the digital era. Young Chinese citizens have developed a comprehensive understanding of the world much faster than previous generations; millennials see themselves not as extensions of the past, but rather as the innovators of the country's future. Through expansive and in-depth empirical research on Chinese millennials and younger age cohorts (people in their late teens and early 20s), Dr. Li's book illustrates how China's younger adults reflect the growing diversity and persistent inequality in society. The book also explores how their distinct characteristics and views will shape the country's trajectory. For the outside world, developing a better understanding of this unique generation is an urgent task, given that China now has more influence on the global economy and regional security than at any other point in modern history.
Download or read book My Underground American Dream written by Julissa Arce and published by Center Street. This book was released on 2016-09-13 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A National Bestseller! What does an undocumented immigrant look like? What kind of family must she come from? How could she get into this country? What is the true price she must pay to remain in the United States? JULISSA ARCE knows firsthand that the most common, preconceived answers to those questions are sometimes far too simple-and often just plain wrong. On the surface, Arce's story reads like a how-to manual for achieving the American dream: growing up in an apartment on the outskirts of San Antonio, she worked tirelessly, achieved academic excellence, and landed a coveted job on Wall Street, complete with a six-figure salary. The level of professional and financial success that she achieved was the very definition of the American dream. But in this brave new memoir, Arce digs deep to reveal the physical, financial, and emotional costs of the stunning secret that she, like many other high-achieving, successful individuals in the United States, had been forced to keep not only from her bosses, but even from her closest friends. From the time she was brought to this country by her hardworking parents as a child, Arce-the scholarship winner, the honors college graduate, the young woman who climbed the ladder to become a vice president at Goldman Sachs-had secretly lived as an undocumented immigrant. In this surprising, at times heart-wrenching, but always inspirational personal story of struggle, grief, and ultimate redemption, Arce takes readers deep into the little-understood world of a generation of undocumented immigrants in the United States today- people who live next door, sit in your classrooms, work in the same office, and may very well be your boss. By opening up about the story of her successes, her heartbreaks, and her long-fought journey to emerge from the shadows and become an American citizen, Arce shows us the true cost of achieving the American dream-from the perspective of a woman who had to scale unseen and unimaginable walls to get there.
Download or read book Determinants of Labour Migration Decisions The Case of East Java Indonesia written by Wildan Syafitri and published by kassel university press GmbH. This book was released on 2012 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Migrant Opportunity and the Educational Attainment of Youth in Rural China written by Alan de Brauw and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates how reductions of barriers to migration affect the decision of middle school graduates to attend high school in rural China. Change in the cost of migration is identified using exogenous variation across counties in the timing of national identity card distribution, which made it easier for rural migrants to register as temporary residents in urban destinations. The analysis first shows that timing of identification card distribution is unrelated to local rainfall shocks affecting migration decisions, and that timing is not related to proxies reflecting time-varying changes in village policy or administrative capacity. The findings show a robust negative relationship between migrant opportunity and high school enrollment. The mechanisms behind the negative relationship are suggested by observed increases in subsequent local and migrant non-agricultural employment of high school age young adults as the size of the current village migrant network increases.
Download or read book Rural Migration in the Near East and North Africa Regional trends written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2019-06-25 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Near East and North Africa (NENA) has always been affected and in many ways shaped by the high levels of human mobility. However, rural migration - or migration to, from and between rural areas - is often overlooked, despite its important ramifications for food security, agriculture, rural development and regional disparities. In the next decade, persistent poverty, climatic threats and increasing competition for natural resources may fuel greater levels of migration across NENA countries. This report was designed to provide policy makers, practitioners and development partners with an overview of the main challenges and opportunities of rural migration in the NENA region.
Download or read book Youth Migration and Transitions to Adulthood in Developing Countries written by Thomas LeGrand and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2013-06-25 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Youth Migration and Transitions to Adulthood in Developing Countries THE ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science July 2013, Volume 648 Editors: Fatima Juarez, Thomas LeGrand, Cynthia Lloyd, Susheela Singh and Véronique Hertrich Currently, it is estimated that there are 1.1 billion young people aged 15–24 in the developing world, accounting for nearly one-fifth (18.6 percent) of the total population. During this time of life, young people experience enormous changes due to physical maturation, which is accompanied by cognitive, social/emotional, and interpersonal changes. It is a period when the influence of parents and families gradually diminishes and the influence of external factors, such as peers; the media; the educational environment; and, more generally, the economic, social, and cultural environments in which they live, are increasingly prominent. The articles in this volume of The ANNALS can be classified by three themes: migration in the context of transitions to adulthood, including schooling, employment, and family formation; consequences of migration for health, reproductive outcomes, and childbearing; and migration strategies and consequences. All the articles presented here are innovative in their approach, and their findings advance our understanding of youths’ migration and transitions to adulthood in developing countries. These studies and their findings clearly attest to the enormous diversity of situations of youth migration, transitions to adulthood, and the contexts in which they occur across developing countries. For some adolescents and young adults, migration brings with it very serious risks and often negative consequences, while for others it opens horizons and is associated with expanding opportunities in both the social and economic spheres. Paperback: $35.00, Sale Price $28.00, ISBN: 9781483333182 Hardcover: $48.00, Sale Price $38.40, ISBN: 9781483333175
Download or read book Approaching rural young people written by Clendenning, J. and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2019-07-15 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ‘Rural youth’ is a new focus area within the CGIAR (and in the wider academic literature), yet there are few studies which examine young people’s roles and relationships to trees, forests and agroforests. This background report suggests ways the CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees, and Agroforestry (FTA) can involve rural young people into its research and action. This is at a time when academic and government reports note the widening gaps between the aspirations young people have as compared to the realities of the job markets in much of the Global South. For rural and marginal areas, these trends are especially acute as agriculture and forestry sectors decline and many rural young people desire stable, paid employment., suggesting now is a critical time to involve young people into FTA’s research and action. In doing so, the report examines how rural youth are studied from a variety of angles: in contemporary agrarian, youth and development literatures, and examines how young people are studied by five large development agencies; and by some of CGIAR’s Research Programs. In learning from these studies, the report offers four major lessons for FTA. These lessons focus on how to study rural youth and their various contexts, conceptually and methodologically; how to engage local to regional rural development activities; and how to support local to national level partnerships. All of these activities give means and networks of support for rural young people’s development and employment. In sum, the report offers key questions and starting points for engaging with young people in each of FTA’s Flagships, which can not only move the Gender Equality and Social Inclusion Strategy forward, but help study and address the challenges facing rural livelihoods and landscapes now and in the future.
Download or read book At the intersection of gender and generation written by Clendenning, J. and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2019-07-15 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this brief is to identify the critical issues concerning young people in rural areas that hold significance for FTA's ability to achieve impact at this time of rapid rural transformation; the key questions concerning youth that matter for F
Download or read book Migration and Mental Health written by Dinesh Bhugra and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-12-02 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human migration is a global phenomenon and is on the increase. It occurs as a result of 'push' factors (asylum, natural disaster), or as a result of 'pull' factors (seeking economic or educational improvement). Whatever the cause of the relocation, the outcome requires individuals to adjust to their new surroundings and cope with the stresses involved, and as a result, there is considerable potential for disruption to mental health. This volume explores all aspects of migration, on all scales, and its effect on mental health. It covers migration in the widest sense and does not limit itself to refugee studies. It covers issues specific to the elderly and the young, as well as providing practical tips for clinicians on how to improve their own cultural competence in the work setting. The book will be of interest to all mental health professionals and those involved in establishing health and social policy.
Download or read book Resources in Education written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Youth and Jobs in Rural Africa written by Valerie Mueller and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many people believe that Africa will struggle to create jobs for its rapidly-growing population, and that rural youth will eventually migrate to cities or other countries. This book uses survey data to create a nuanced understanding of the constraints and opportunities facing rural youth in Africa.
