Download or read book Correction active du profil spatial de faisceaux amplifi s dans des fibres multimodes et multi coeurs written by Mathieu Paurisse and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Les lasers et amplificateurs à base de fibres optiques dopées constituent aujourd'hui une alternative sérieuse aux milieux crislallins traditionnellement utilisés pour la réalisation d'amplificateurs laser de puissance de par leur faible sensibilité aux problèmes thermiques et leur rendement optique-optique élevé. Les performances des fibres restent néanmoins limitées en régime impulsionnel du fait de l'apparition d'effets non-linéaires. Une solution pour passer outre ces limitations consiste à distribuer l'amplilication sur plusieurs fibres monomodes distinctes et à les mettre en phase de manière à réaliser une combinaison cohérente. Ces systèmes nécessitent un contrôle précis de la phase optique des différentes voies et sont relativement difficiles à mettre en œuvre lorsque le nombre de voies augmente. Dans ce manuscrit de thèse, une solution originale de combinaison cohérente en architecture intégrée est présentée. Une mise en phase des modes d'une fibre multimode et des cœurs d'une fibre multi-cœurs est ainsi réalisée à l'aide d'un modulateur spatial de lumière. Plusieurs techniques de mise en phase ont été étudiées : mise en phase par holographie numérique dynamique, utilisation d'une boucle de contre-réaction par algorithme évolutionnaire, mesure directe du contenu modal en sortie de fibre multimode à l'aide d'un analyseur de front d'onde. Ces techniques ont permis de produire des faisceaux amplifiés en régime impulsionnel proches de la limite de diffraction. Des modélisalions numériques d'amplification dans des fibres multimodes et de correction par algorithme évolutionnaire dans ces mêmes fibres ont également été développées.
Download or read book Fibres optiques amplificatrices pomp es par la gaine pour les r seaux de communication written by Charles Matte-Breton and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Avec la demande croissante en matière de consommation Internet, une nouvelle génération de systèmes de communication est présentement en cours de développement. L'une des caractéristiques de cette nouvelle génération est qu'elle exploite le multiplexage spatial afin d'augmenter la capacité et le niveau d'intégration des réseaux. Dans ce contexte, il est judicieux de s'intéresser à la place que pourrait occuper le multiplexage spatial dans la technologie de fibres amplificatrices. À court terme, le multiplexage spatial pourrait être utilisé conjointement avec le pompage par la gaine afin de diminuer la complexité et le nombre de composants dans les nœuds des réseaux de communication ayant de nombreux ports d'entrée et de sortie à amplifier à un même endroit, en permettant l'amplification simultanée des signaux présents dans plusieurs cœurs d'une même fibre optique et à partir d'une seule source de pompage. Cependant, avec le pompage par la gaine, la puissance pompe est répartie sur l'entièreté de la gaine, menant ainsi à une faible intensité lumineuse de la pompe, ce qui a pour effet d'accentuer les effets de saturation de l'amplification, les rendant ainsi moins compatibles avec les réseaux reconfigurables. Une application alternative pour le pompage par la gaine est l'amplification de signaux dans la bande L. En effet, il s'agit d'une application où les niveaux d'inversion de population d'ions d'erbium requis sont plus bas, ce qui est compatible avec la forte saturation propre au pompage par la gaine. Dans ce contexte, cette thèse vise à explorer l'intérêt du développement de fibres amplificatrices pompées par la gaine pour les réseaux de communication et à proposer des améliorations concrètes relatives à cette technologie. D'abord, le chapitre 1 vise à déterminer si, et sous quelles conditions, le co-dopage à l'erbium-ytterbium est préférable au dopage à l'erbium seul dans les fibres amplificatrices pompées par la gaine qui amplifient la bande C dans les réseaux de communication. Ce chapitre permet de conclure que le co-dopage à l'erbium-ytterbium est généralement uniquement préférable à l'erbium seul lorsque l'amplificateur doit être opéré en régime de forte saturation ou lorsque la région spectrale couverte par l'amplificateur ne s'étend pas en bas de 1535 nm. Ensuite, le chapitre 2 étudie l'impact de la géométrie de distribution des ions d'erbium sur le gain et la compression du gain dans une fibre amplificatrice pompée par la gaine. Plus spécifiquement, le dopage en anneau autour du cœur est comparé au dopage uniforme dans le cœur et à un profil de dopant qui couvrirait à la fois le cœur et une région périphérique du cœur afin de couvrir presque entièrement le mode fondamental. Ce chapitre permet de conclure que, parmi ces géométries, le dopage en anneau autour du cœur est celui qui permet de minimiser les effets de saturation. Puis, le chapitre 3 présente une nouvelle méthode de couplage latéral de la pompe dans la gaine, sans fusion et sans altération du signal, qui permet d'augmenter l'efficacité de couplage de la pompe significativement par rapport aux méthodes alternatives sans fusion. Les chapitres 4 à 6 présentent un processus d'optimisation ayant pour but d'utiliser les analyses et développements des chapitres 1 à 3 pour concevoir un amplificateur à fibre à cœurs multiples répondant de façon optimale aux spécifications requises pour un amplificateur s'insérant dans un nœud de réseau reconfigurable et couvrant la bande C. Le chapitre 4 présente la fabrication et la caractérisation de la première fibre amplificatrice à cœurs multiples utilisant une géométrie de distribution des ions actifs en anneau autour de chacun des cœurs. Ses performances s'avèrent être décevantes dû au taux élevé d'agrégats d'ions d'erbium et à la présence d'ASE dans la gaine. Dans le chapitre 5, un nouveau design de cœur est testé, en fabriquant une fibre amplificatrice à cœur unique, afin de corriger les deux principales lacunes de la fibre précédente. Dans le chapitre 6, le design présenté au chapitre 5 est réutilisé dans une seconde itération de fibre amplificatrice à cœurs multiples. Cette fibre est caractérisée en injectant de la puissance pompe dans la gaine et de la puissance signal simultanément dans tous les cœurs à l'aide d'un fan-in/fan-out pour mesurer le gain, le facteur de bruit ainsi que les variations de gain entre les cœurs. Le chapitre 7 explore une application alternative du pompage par la gaine en investiguant l'utilisation de couches concentriques hétérogènes de dopage à l'erbium seul et de co-dopage à l'erbium-ytterbium afin de maximiser l'efficacité de conversion de puissance dans les fibres amplificatrices pompées par la gaine et couvrant la bande L. Le chapitre 8 démontre qu'il est possible de recycler la puissance pompe résiduelle à la sortie d'une fibre amplificatrice multicœur pompée par la gaine en y inscrivant un réseau de Bragg intra-gaine. Cette méthode a l'avantage de ne pas nécessiter l'ajout de composants additionnels, à l'entrée et à la sortie, qui peuvent induire des pertes d'insertion. Finalement, le chapitre 9 est une discussion générale sur les progrès effectués dans le cadre de cette thèse ainsi que les défis qui restent à surmonter par rapport à l'utilisation des fibres amplificatrices pompées par la gaine dans les réseaux de communication.
Download or read book Particle Physics Reference Library written by Stephen Myers and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-01 with total page 867 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This third open access volume of the handbook series deals with accelerator physics, design, technology and operations, as well as with beam optics, dynamics and diagnostics. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A,B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Laser Spectroscopy 1 written by Wolfgang Demtröder and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-07 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keeping abreast of the latest techniques and applications, this new edition of the standard reference and graduate text on laser spectroscopy has been completely revised and expanded. While the general concept is unchanged, the new edition features a broad array of new material, e.g., ultrafast lasers (atto- and femtosecond lasers) and parametric oscillators, coherent matter waves, Doppler-free Fourier spectroscopy with optical frequency combs, interference spectroscopy, quantum optics, the interferometric detection of gravitational waves and still more applications in chemical analysis, medical diagnostics, and engineering.
Download or read book Quantum Mechanics Volume 3 written by Claude Cohen-Tannoudji and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-12-16 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new, third volume of Cohen-Tannoudji's groundbreaking textbook covers advanced topics of quantum mechanics such as uncorrelated and correlated identical particles, the quantum theory of the electromagnetic field, absorption, emission and scattering of photons by atoms, and quantum entanglement. Written in a didactically unrivalled manner, the textbook explains the fundamental concepts in seven chapters which are elaborated in accompanying complements that provide more detailed discussions, examples and applications. * Completing the success story: the third and final volume of the quantum mechanics textbook written by 1997 Nobel laureate Claude Cohen-Tannoudji and his colleagues Bernard Diu and Franck Laloë * As easily comprehensible as possible: all steps of the physical background and its mathematical representation are spelled out explicitly * Comprehensive: in addition to the fundamentals themselves, the books comes with a wealth of elaborately explained examples and applications Claude Cohen-Tannoudji was a researcher at the Kastler-Brossel laboratory of the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris where he also studied and received his PhD in 1962. In 1973 he became Professor of atomic and molecular physics at the Collège des France. His main research interests were optical pumping, quantum optics and atom-photon interactions. In 1997, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, together with Steven Chu and William D. Phillips, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his research on laser cooling and trapping of neutral atoms. Bernard Diu was Professor at the Denis Diderot University (Paris VII). He was engaged in research at the Laboratory of Theoretical Physics and High Energy where his focus was on strong interactions physics and statistical mechanics. Franck Laloë was a researcher at the Kastler-Brossel laboratory of the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris. His first assignment was with the University of Paris VI before he was appointed to the CNRS, the French National Research Center. His research was focused on optical pumping, statistical mechanics of quantum gases, musical acoustics and the foundations of quantum mechanics.
Download or read book Semiconductor TeraHertz Technology written by Guillermo Carpintero and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-07-14 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Key advances in Semiconductor Terahertz (THz) Technology now promises important new applications enabling scientists and engineers to overcome the challenges of accessing the so-called "terahertz gap". This pioneering reference explains the fundamental methods and surveys innovative techniques in the generation, detection and processing of THz waves with solid-state devices, as well as illustrating their potential applications in security and telecommunications, among other fields. With contributions from leading experts, Semiconductor Terahertz Technology: Devices and Systems at Room Temperature Operation comprehensively and systematically covers semiconductor-based room temperature operating sources such as photomixers, THz antennas, radiation concepts and THz propagation as well as room-temperature operating THz detectors. The second part of the book focuses on applications such as the latest photonic and electronic THz systems as well as emerging THz technologies including: whispering gallery resonators, liquid crystals, metamaterials and graphene-based devices. This book will provide support for practicing researchers and professionals and will be an indispensable reference to graduate students in the field of THz technology. Key features: Includes crucial theoretical background sections to photomixers, photoconductive switches and electronic THz generation & detection. Provides an extensive overview of semiconductor-based THz sources and applications. Discusses vital technologies for affordable THz applications. Supports teaching and studying increasingly popular courses on semiconductor THz technology.
Download or read book Theoretical Atomic Physics written by Harald Siegfried Friedrich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition presents the recent developments in atomic physics. Beginning with a review of quantum mechanics, the book covers important areas of theoretical atomic physics, including semiclassical theory, periodic orbit theory, scaling properties for atoms in external fields, threshold behavior of ionization cross sections, and classical quantum dynamics of two-electron atoms.
Download or read book Organic Solid State Lasers written by Sébastien Forget and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-07-03 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic lasers are broadly tunable coherent sources, potentially compact, convenient and manufactured at low-costs. Appeared in the mid 60’s as solid-state alternatives for liquid dye lasers, they recently gained a new dimension after the demonstration of organic semiconductor lasers in the 90's. More recently, new perspectives appeared at the nanoscale, with organic polariton and surface plasmon lasers. After a brief reminder to laser physics, a first chapter exposes what makes organic solid-state organic lasers specific. The laser architectures used in organic lasers are then reviewed, with a state-of-the-art review of the performances of devices with regard to output power, threshold, lifetime, beam quality etc. A survey of the recent trends in the field is given, highlighting the latest developments with a special focus on the challenges remaining for achieving direct electrical pumping of organic semiconductor lasers. A last chapter covers the applications of organic solid-state lasers.
Download or read book Quantum Communications and Cryptography written by Alexander V. Sergienko and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All current methods of secure communication such as public-key cryptography can eventually be broken by faster computing. At the interface of physics and computer science lies a powerful solution for secure communications: quantum cryptography. Because eavesdropping changes the physical nature of the information, users in a quantum exchange can easily detect eavesdroppers. This allows for totally secure random key distribution, a central requirement for use of the one-time pad. Since the one-time pad is theoretically proven to be undecipherable, quantum cryptography is the key to perfect secrecy. Quantum Communications and Cryptography is the first comprehensive review of the past, present, and potential developments in this dynamic field. Leading expert contributors from around the world discuss the scientific foundations, experimental and theoretical developments, and cutting-edge technical and engineering advances in quantum communications and cryptography. The book describes the engineering principles and practical implementations in a real-world metropolitan network as well as physical principles and experimental results of such technologies as entanglement swapping and quantum teleportation. It also offers the first detailed treatment of quantum information processing with continuous variables. Technologies include both free-space and fiber-based communications systems along with the necessary protocols and information processing approaches. Bridging the gap between physics and engineering, Quantum Communications and Cryptography supplies a springboard for further developments and breakthroughs in this rapidly growing area.
Download or read book Physics of Light and Optics Black White written by Michael Ware and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2020 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book General Relativity and Gravitational Physics written by Giampiero Esposito and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 2005-03-29 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All papers were peer reviewed. Research advances in gravitation and general relativity are discussed, ranging from classical to quantum theories of gravity. Relativistic theories have become the basic model for new research fields encompassing importantexperiments and observations which represent a frontier on which Einstein's theory of gravity can be tested. This will provide some new insight into the field of gravitational physics. The proceedings will be a valuable source for advanced graduate students and research workers at all levels.
Download or read book Laser 50 Years Of Discoveries written by Fabien Bretenaker and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2014-10-27 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique book provides an overview of the principle and applications of lasers enriched with numerous illustrations.Being over fifty years old, lasers continue to amaze us. Their performance characteristics are constantly reaching new limits, and the scope of their applications continues to expand. Yet, it took years of effort by teams of physicists to transform the fundamental notions of Einstein into the first experimental beam of laser light. And history is still going on as fundamental research is now triggered by its remarkable properties.This book addresses every aspects of laser light, from its fundamental principles to its industrial applications, at a level particularly suited for high school teachers, students, and anybody curious about science and technology.
Download or read book Antenna Systems written by United States. Department of the Air Force and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NASA SP written by and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
