Download or read book Coordination in Centralized and Decentralized Systems written by Vipin P. Veetil and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study a simple coordination problem to understand the difference between centralized and decentralized economic systems. The decentralized system is more robust than the centralized system to communication errors. But the centralized system takes less time than the decentralized system to create coordination among constituent parts. Decentralization is preferable when there is little urgency, when there is need to prevent system-collapse, and when the constituent parts are more likely to make communication errors.

Download or read book Inventory Sharing and Planning Coordination in Centralized and Decentralized Systems written by Nagihan Comez and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On the other hand, the coordination in planning decisions of a single manufacturer is another question. Especially, when individual interests and performance measures of different departments do not cover the system objective exactly, there may be significant conflicts within a firm. Thus, the cost of conflicts between the departments should be investigated to understand how important it is to make joint decisions.

Download or read book Integrating Centralized and Decentralized Approaches for Multi robot Coordination written by Ke Xu and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autonomous multi-robot systems play important roles in many areas such as industrial applications for repetitive tasks, explorations in hazardous environments, and military missions in extreme conditions. Many existing coordination strategies are developed for two general types of multi-robot systems including strongly centralized systems and completely decentralized systems. For strongly centralized systems, the global information including the environment as well as the locations of all the robots is shared. It is typical for small number of robots in well structural environments and is not robust to dynamic environment or failures in communications and other uncertainties. For completely decentralized systems, each robot is executing its own control schemes completely autonomously. There are no specified leaders throughout the mission, and the team organization does not have a set structure. In many real-world applications, it is beneficial to use so-called weakly centralized systems, in which the leader robot is not specified a priori, but it is selected dynamically during the mission to guide the robot team through dynamic environments or other uncertainties. It is very challenging to develop coordination strategies for this type of systems because of the dynamic nature of the team structures. The strategies should not only allow for on-line leader role selection but also enable formation decomposition and reconfiguration whenever necessary. In this thesis, we describe a general coordination framework for weakly centralized multi-robot systems that integrates the features from both strongly centralized and completely decentralized coordination strategies at the individual robot level. The framework allows the robots to reconfigure the formation dynamically in the presence of obstacles or other uncertainties in the environment, and promotes the main advantages of multi-robot systems such as flexibility and modularity. Since the control schemes can be decentralized and this framework allows for the selection of the motion planner and local controller for a given task, the framework can be naturally applied to multi-robot systems with larger scales. We have implemented this framework on a team of two-wheeled differential driven mobile robots. Significant results from numerical simulations and experiments have been obtained to demonstrate that the coordination schemes are effective and robust, and the framework is viable and can be scaled to relative large scale multi-robot systems.

Download or read book Coordination in Heterogeneous Federal Systems written by Antoine Loeper and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We compare centralized and decentralized policy making in a federation in which policy heterogeneity is inherently costly and preferences vary across jurisdictions: all jurisdictions agree that some harmonization is desirable but no one agree on the direction of harmonization. This type of collective choice problem arises when members of a federal system have to coordinate nonbudgetary policies such as laws, regulations, standards, or diplomatic policies. Contrary to the common wisdom and to Oates' decentralization theorem, decentralization becomes optimal when coordination becomes very important. When coordination costs are symmetric, decentralization dominates centralization irrespective of the magnitude of externalities and the heterogeneity of preferences. In the case of discontinuous network effects, standardization never Pareto dominates decentralization.

Download or read book Autonomous Decentralized Real time Coordination of Embedded Multi systems written by Nirav Shah and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computing and communication systems find many applications in the domain of physical mobile systems such as mass transportation systems and robotic coordination systems. Since these systems are often very complex or very large in scale, traditional centralized models to develop these systems face growing challenges in satisfying these requirements. Numerous researchers have studied distributed and autonomous decentralized models to develop these systems. Distributed systems also have limitations arising due to deadlocks and starvations, since any mobile node in the system does not have complete system state. Moreover, when one or more mobile entities coordinate, it is essential that the coordination scheme is delay-bounded and reliable due to the real-time nature of the system components.

Download or read book Decentralized Coordination Control for Dynamic Multiagent Systems written by Karla Kvaternik and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Decentralization and Coordination of Water Resource Management written by Douglas D. Parker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-07-08 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Centralized, top-down management of water resources through regulations has created unnecessary economic burdens upon users. More flexible decentralized controls through the use of economic incentives have gained acceptance over the past decade. The theme of this book is the increasing efforts throughout water-scarce regions to rely upon economic incentives and decentralized mechanisms for efficient water management and allocation. The book begins with a section of introductory chapters describing water systems, institutions, constraints, and similarities in the following regions: Israel and the Middle East, Turkey, California, Florida, and Australia. Four of these regions face similar climates with wet winters and dry summers. Florida has a more even seasonal distribution of rainfall, yet it uses similar management strategies in controlling groundwater demand and water quality. The book concludes with a section on water management case studies. These case studies examine issues of conflict related to both water quality and water quantity. While the case studies address both international and intranational concerns in specific regions of the world, they portray broad principles that are applicable to many regions.

Download or read book When Does Coordination Require Centralization written by Ricardo Alonso and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Implementation of Decentralized Coordination Mechanisms in Distributed Mini microcomputer Systems written by Elmar Holler and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Coordination Without Hierarchy written by Donald Chisholm and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The organizational history of American government during the past 100 years has been written principally in terms of the creation of larger and larger public organizations. Beginning with the Progressive movement, no matter the goal, the reflexive response has been to consolidate and centralize into formal hierarchies. That efficiency, effectiveness, and accountability, and the coordination necessary to achieve them, are promoted by such reorganizations has become widely accepted.Borrowing from social psychology, sociology, political science, and public administration, and using the public transit system of the San Francisco Bay area for illustrative purposes, Donald Chisholm directly challenges this received wisdom. He argues that, contrary to contemporary canons of public administration, we should actively resist the temptation to consolidate and centralize our public organizations. Rather, we should carefully match organizational design with observed types and levels of interdependence, since organizational systems that on the surface appear to be tightly linked webs of interdependence on closer examination often prove decomposable into relatively simpler subsystems that may be coordinated through decentralized, informal organizational arrangements.Chisholm finds that informal channels between actors at different organizations prove remarkably effective and durable as instruments of coordination. Developed and maintained as needed rather than according to a single preconceived design, informal channels, along with informal conventions and contracts, tend to match interorganization interdependence closely and to facilitate coordination. Relying on such measures reduces the cognitive demands and obviates the necessity for broadscale political agreement typical of coordination by centralized, formal organizations. They also advance other important values that are frequently absent in formally consolidated organizations, such as reliability, flexibility, and the representation of varied interests.Coordination Without Hierarchy is an incisive, penetrating work whose conclusions apply to a wide range of public organizations at all levels of government. It will be of interest to a broad array of social scientists and policymakers.In an earlier version, Coordination Without Hierarchy received the American Political Science Association 1985 Leonard D. White Award for the best doctoral dissertation in the field of public administration, including broadly related problems of policy formation and administrative theory.

Download or read book Centralized and Decentralized Warehouse Logistics Collaboration written by Shiman Ding and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an emerging trend in the grocery industry, multiple suppliers and retailers share a warehouse to facilitate horizontal collaboration, in order to lower transportation costs and increase outbound delivery frequencies. Typically, these systems (sometimes known as Mixing and Consolidation Centers) are operated in a decentralized manner, with little effort to coordinate shipments from multiple suppliers with shipments to multiple retailers. Indeed, implementing coordination in this setting, where potential competitors are using the same logistics resources, could be very challenging. In this thesis, we characterizes the loss due to this decentralized operation, in order to develop insight into the value of making the extra effort and investment necessary to imple- ment some form of coordinated control. To do this, we consider a setting where several suppliers ship to several retailers through a shared warehouse, so that outbound trucks from the warehouse contain the products of multiple suppliers. We extend the classic one warehouse multi-retailer analysis of Roundy (1985) to incorporate multiple suppli- ers and per truck outbound transportation cost from the warehouse, and develop a cost lower bound on centralized operation as benchmark. We then analyze decentralized versions of the system, in which each retailer and each supplier maximizes his or her own utility in a variety of settings, and we analytically bound the ratio of the cost of decentralized to centralized operation, to bound the loss due to decentralization. We find that easy-to-implement decentralized policies are efficient and effective in this set- ting, suggesting that centralization (and thus, coordination effort intended to lead to some of the benefit of centralization) does not bring significant benefits. In a compu- tational study, we explore how system parameters impact the relative performance of this system under centralized and decentralized control. Finally, we consider a stochas- tic version of this model of decentralized collaboration, where we assume independent Poisson demand occurs at each retailer for all products. To coordinate replenishment, each retailer follows an aggregate (Q,S) policy, i.e., an order is placed to raise inventory position to S whenever total demand since the last order at that retailer reaches Q. In this setting demand at the warehouse can be well-approximated by a compound Poisson process, and thus inventory at the warehouse is managed via an (s,S) policy. We develop optimal and heuristic algorithms to optimize parameter settings in this model.

Download or read book Centralized Control and Decentralized Execution a Catchphrase in Crisis written by Clint Hinote and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2012-07-23 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Air Force's master tenet of centralized control, decentralized execution is in danger of becoming dogma. Airmen have difficulty communicating the meaning of this phrase in a joint setting. This is partially due to our limited understanding of its history and the imprecise meaning of the words involved. Furthermore, the irregular conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq (and the ongoing service debates in the Pacific) have demonstrated the need for a deeper understanding of this master tenet to advocate effectively for airpower solutions. We must get this right, as it is critical to maximizing airpower's potential. Getting it right, however, requires moving beyond sound bites and bumper stickers.

Download or read book Coordination Cooperation and Control Within Decentralized Fiscal Systems written by Paul Bernd Spahn and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book On Coordination of Decentralized Controls for Coupled Stochastic Systems written by Pooi Yuen Kam and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Local Accountability and National Coordination in Fiscal Federalism written by Charles R. Hankla and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2019 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book argues that fiscal federalism will consistently deliver on its governance promises only when democratic decentralization is combined with the integration of political parties. It formalizes this argument and, using new data on subnational political institutions, tests it with models of education, health, and infrastructure service delivery in 135 countries across 30 years. It also presents comparative case studies of Senegal and Nigeria. The book emphasizes that a “fine balance” in local governance can be achieved when integrated party structures compensate for the potential downsides of a decentralized state.

Download or read book Coordination Theory and Collaboration Technology written by Gary M. Olson and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 805 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Science Foundation funded the first Coordination Theory and Collaboration Technology initiative to look at systems that support collaborations in business and elsewhere. This book explores the global revolution in human interconnectedness. It will discuss the various collaborative workgroups and their use in technology. The initiative focuses on processes of coordination and cooperation among autonomous units in human systems, in computer and communication systems, and in hybrid organizations of both systems. This initiative is motivated by three scientific issues which have been the focus of separate research efforts, but which may benefit from collaborative research. The first is the effort to discover the principles underlying how people collaborate and coordinate work efficiently and productively in environments characterized by a high degree of decentralized computation and decision making. The second is to gain a better fundamental understanding of the structure and outputs of organizations, industries, and markets which incorporate sophisticated, decentralized information and communications technology as an important component of their operations. The third is to understand problems of coordination in decentralized or open computer systems.

Download or read book Electronic Supply Network Coordination in Intelligent and Dynamic Environments Modeling and Implementation written by Mahdavi, Iraj and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2010-10-31 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book presents cutting-edge knowledge on scientific approaches to the management of supply networks in a highly informed global environment with abundant dynamic and uncertain challenges"--Provided by publisher.