Download or read book Conventional Reduced tillage and Organic Cropping Systems in Southeastern Wyoming written by Jenna L. Bagnall and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the profitability of conventional, reduced-tillage, and organic cropping systems on a representative southeastern Wyoming farm. I develop enterprise budgets for three cropping systems (Conventional, Reduced-tillage, and Organic) over a four-year crop rotation, using data from the Sustainable Agriculture Research and Extension Center (SAREC) near Lingle, WY. I calculate average net revenue for the three cropping systems over a four-year period, and then use @Risk to simulate distributions of net revenue. The Organic system's net revenue is always larger than the Conventional or Reduced-tillage systems' net revenues, due to input cost-savings and price premiums. When price premiums are removed from the model (i.e., Transition-period Organic system) net revenue remains larger than the Conventional system's in only 1 percent of the instances. Transitioning to an Organic or Reduced-tillage system may provide both economic and environmental benefits over the long-run; however, net revenue may decrease in the short-run.

Download or read book Soil Organic Matter Microbial Community Dynamics and the Economics of Diversified Dryland Winter Wheat and Irrigated Sugar Beet Cropping Systems in Wyoming written by Eusebius Juma Mukhwana and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing costs, changing markets and, off-site environmental concerns have generated interest in the use of innovative tillage systems and crop rotations that improve soil quality and long term sustainability of local production systems. The objectives of this study were to determine how alternative dryland winter wheat and irrigated sugar beet cropping systems impact (i) soil organic matter processes, (ii) microbial populations and diversity, and (ii) profitability. On-farm field studies were conducted from 2007-2009 in Wyoming's southeastern wheat-producing region and in the Big Horn Basin. Soil, crop, and economic data were collected from non-irrigated fields under conventional wheat-fallow, organic, no-till, minimum till, and long-term grass in southeastern Wyoming. In the Big Horn Basin samples were collected from irrigated fields under five different crop rotations: sugar beet-barley, sugar beet-barley-bean, red clover-red clover-bean-bean, sugar beet-bean, and sugar beet-sugar beet-alfalfa-alfalfa. In the wheat study, our results show that conservation tillage allows increased cropping intensity; reduced fallow periods while simultaneously increasing wheat grain and residue yield, and improving soil quality. Conservation tillage also increased both the cost of production and the profitability of dryland production systems, especially when coupled with higher precipitation. Data suggests that low adoption of conservation cropping systems in Southeastern Wyoming compared to surrounding states may be an extension issue, coupled with high conversion costs. Results of the sugar beet study show that longer crop rotations that include legumes improved sugar beet root and top dry matter yield and soil quality, but not economic benefits. In this production system innovative crop rotations offered environmental benefits that extended beyond the farm gate, suggesting that there may be a rationale for public subsidies to support continued provision of these socially beneficial externalities.

Download or read book Intensive Cropping written by Sohan S Prihar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-01-25 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explore new concepts for maximizing crop yields! Intensive Cropping: Efficient Use of Water, Nutrients, and Tillage is a compilation of current information on the interdependence of and synergies among water, nutrients, and energy in regard to increasing crop performance. This book explains the need for intensive cropping and explores the technologies and practices necessary for proper management of water, nutrients, and energy. With Intensive Cropping you will learn how to improve the quantity of the world's most important crops using methods that will minimize harm to the environment. This essential guide is a state-of-the-art account of the concepts and practices concerning the integrated use of water, nutrients, and energy in intensive cropping. Intensive Cropping combines basic and applied aspects of soil-water, nutrients, and energy management to help you optimize your crop yields and maximize the efficiency of intensively farmed regions. In Intensive Cropping, you will explore the need for extreme farming and related concerns and concepts, including: reducing runoff, deep seepage, and evaporation losses supplementing irrigation with surface and ground water understanding the process of water uptake and its effects on root dynamics and water use reducing leaching, erosion, and gasseus losses in your fields using combinations of organic manures, crop residues, chemical fertilizers, and biofertilizers for soil maintenance implementing conventional and emerging tillage systems, such as conservation tillage for improving soil quality examining case studies of contrasting edaphic requirements of rice-wheat systems Intensive Cropping brings you up-to-date on recent advances in the field, supported by relevant experimental observations on environmentally safe and effective ways to increase crop performance. By examining this new research on increasing crop production, you will be able to successfully increase crop yields in various climates and support the growing global demand for such resources.

Download or read book Water Use and Water Productivity of Dryland Winter Wheat Under Different Cropping Systems written by Gurpreet Kaur and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conventionally tilled dryland winter wheat followed by a 14-month period of fallow is the predominant cropping system in the High Plains Ecoregion of Wyoming, USA. Although practical, the system seems to be inefficient as fallow has frequently less than 25% soil water storage efficiency with conventional tillage. The need for soil erosion reduction, maximization of soil water conservation, optimization of grain yields, and the reduction in production cost, may require the adoption of alternative cropping systems such as no-till and organic practices. The objectives of this research were to a) analyze the growth and development of dryland winter wheat under conventional, no-till and organic production practices b) determine the water use and water productivity of dryland winter wheat under conventional, no-till and organic production practices c) study the change in growth, development, water use and water productivity of winter wheat after two years of transition to organic from conventional and no-till and d) study the sustainability of conventional and no-till production practices for dryland winter wheat. A field experiment with three replicates was conducted at the University of Wyoming Sustainable Agricultural Research and Extension Center (SAREC), near Lingle, WY, USA. Soil moisture observations taken with a neutron probe were used to perform a soil water balance. The experimental data were used to calibrate the Cropping System Model (CSM)-CERES Wheat of the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) for studying the long term effects of no-till and conventional cropping systems. The calibrated model was then used to simulate soil water under no-till and conventional cropping systems and to investigate the cropping systems for yield and water productivity using management practices, soil and 27 years of historical weather data representing the southeastern region of Wyoming. There were significant differences in plant growth and development among all cropping systems. Conventional system had the highest yield and performed better in terms of growth and development as compared to the other systems whereas no-till results in lowest yield. No-till and organic systems were equally efficient in yield production. Wheat water use per season was higher (108 mm) in the conventional system than in the no till system (51 mm). Wheat water use (86 mm) in the organic system was not significantly different to either the conventional or the no-till systems. After two years of transition from conventional and no-till to organic, no significant differences were observed in terms of yield and water use between the transition to organic wheat and conventional/no-till wheat. The modeling component showed a good agreement between the observed and simulated crop yields. Our experimental and simulated results showed that water productivity of dryland winter wheat for southeastern Wyoming conditions was not affected by the cropping system. The long term simulations suggest that no-till system is more efficient in water conservation while producing yields comparable to conventional system. Further field studies should include alternative crops to fallow and their impact on soil moisture for the following wheat cycle.

Download or read book Carbon Nitrogen and Aggregation Dynamics in Low input and Reduced Tillage Cropping Systems written by Diana Beth Friedman and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Tillage For Sustainable Cropping Indian Reprint written by Gajri P.R. and published by IBDC Publishers. This book was released on 2004 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Environmental Effects of U S Department of Agriculture Conservation Programs written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Integrating Cover Crops and Livestock in an Irrigated Cropping System in Northwest Wyoming and Southwest Montana written by Taylor V. Bush and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Producers in irrigated river valleys of the semiarid western US are realizing the need to manage soil health in order to have more resilient ag enterprises. This is especially challenging in cold, short season areas of northern intermountain valleys. Research was undertaken in Northwest Wyoming and Southwest Montana in 2018-2019. Producers are adopting management practices that can have a positive impact on the soil health of the systems. Two different studies were executed with one focusing on the long-term effects of soil health management and the other focusing on short-term effects of cover crops and livestock in irrigated cropping systems. The long-term study was examined between paired sites with a conventional management field and a field that had been utilizing soil health management practices for 5+ years. The short-term study examined different types of cover crops and grazing practices on soil health in fields managed with soil health practices. The long-term study showed that soils under soil health management had higher soil organic carbon compared to those under conventional management. Surface (0 to 15 cm) soils at the Ralston soil health management field contained 0.93% SOC amounting to 10.8 Mg ha−1, with the conventional management field having 0.74% SOC, which amounted to 7.70 Mg ha−1 (p = 0.02). Conversely, surface soils at the Fromberg soil health management field contained less SOC as those of the paired conventional field (17.1 Mg ha−1 (SOC%=0.74) vs. 19.0 Mg ha-1 (SOC%=0.93), respectively; p = 0.42), although not significantly. Overall SOC levels in soil profiles to 60 cm where much higher under soil health management at both sites. The short-term study showed that with more species variety in the cover crops higher forage quality is achieved. The results showed that soil health management can have a positive effect on soil quality in the systems.

Download or read book Agronomic Performance of a Reduced tillage Grain Crop Rotation During the Transition to Organic Production written by Clair Keene and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cover crop-based organic rotational no-till is one strategy for reducing tillage in organic systems and relies on rolled cover crop mulches to substitute for spring tillage and mechanical weed control in summer annual crops. This experiment was conducted at three locations to test if delaying cover crop termination would increase biomass production, weed suppression, and corn and soybean yields during the three-year transition to certified organic production. Three cover crop termination timings/ cash crop planting date treatments were examined in corn and soybean (Early, Middle, and Late). Additional split- and split-split plots within the planting date treatments were the presence or absence of high-residue cultivation and cash crop variety selection, respectively. The crop rotation was hairy vetch plus triticale cover crop-corn-cereal rye cover crop-soybean-winter wheat and was implemented in a full-entry design with all cash crops present in each year. Hairy vetch-triticale biomass did not consistently increase with delayed termination, and Late termination corresponding to full flower and the onset of pod formation in hairy vetch was necessary to prevent hairy vetch from competing with corn and becoming a weed. Cereal rye biomass increased as termination was delayed, but the Middle termination date corresponding to 50% anthesis to early milk was optimal for minimizing cereal rye competition with soybean and seed production. Volunteer cover crops negatively impacted winter wheat at two sites: hairy vetch at Maryland and cereal rye at Pennsylvania. Delaying planting tended to reduce corn but not soybean yields across sites. Regression stability analysis identified the Middle planting date as minimizing the variability of corn and soybean yields. These findings suggest that a tradeoff between hairy vetch control and corn yield cannot be avoided in this system while a tradeoff is not likely in cereal rye-soybean.Pulse-chase additions of three summer annual weed species identified high-residue cultivation as an effective weed control tactic in cover crop-based organic rotational no-till. Delaying cover crop termination and cash crop planting date did not have a clear impact on the target weeds across sites. Later-emerging species giant foxtail and smooth pigweed appeared to more readily exploit low cash crop populations at later planting dates than the early-emerging common ragweed. Yellow nut-sedge, a perennial species not included in the pulse-chase experiment, increased during the experiment across sites.In a separate experiment examining the timing and frequency of high-residue cultivation in a conventional conservation tillage system, two high-residue cultivator passes plus banded herbicide at planting resulted in weed control and yields similar to weed-free check plots in corn and soybean. Cover crop residues increased cash crop yields in droughty years. However, higher yields were not typically enough to offset the cost of cover crop establishment. Nitrogen credit from a cover crop can improve the economics of cover crop establishment in corn.

Download or read book Farming Systems Research written by Jayne T. MacLean and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Winter Wheat Triticum Aestivum L Production Under Dryland Conditions in Southeastern Wyoming written by Iliak Harmsen Saa and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.) in semi-arid environments faces many challenges. Shifting pattern of rainfall and temperature, nutrient-deficient soils and recurring droughts are major limitations in the Northern High Plains (NHP). In southeastern Wyoming, winter wheat is produced in a wheat-fallow rotation managed conventionally. The dependency on tillage, low crop residue retention and high input of agrochemicals pose a significant risk of soil loss and environmental depletion. Organic management offers an alternative for local winter wheat producers driven by high economic returns. Heavy reliance solely on tillage, however, makes this system vulnerable to erosion and unsustainable. This study assessed (1) the effect of onetime high-rate (50 Mg ha−1) composted cattle manure addition to winter wheat managed conventionally and organically, on soil properties and 20 winter wheat varieties at two separate locations (Pine Bluffs and Slater); and (2), the effect of temperature on germination of 12 winter wheat varieties. Results have shown that winter wheat managed conventionally had higher overall yields and managed organically had higher protein content at both locations. Breck, Steamboat and Pronghorn are recommended for conventional production, while Breck, Bobcat and UI Silver are recommended for organic production. Compost improved soil fertility, crop growth, yield, and quality at a location with adequate weed management. Bobcat, Curlew and UI Silver germinated in temperatures below 4.0°C.

Download or read book A Comparison of Conventional and Low Input Cropping Systems with Reduced Tillage written by S. Peters and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Developing Sustainable Dryland Cropping Systems in SW Colorado and SE Utah Using Conservation Tillage and Crop Diversification written by Dennis A. Kaan and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Legumes in Crop Rotations written by Jayne T. MacLean and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Biodiversity Biofuels Agroforestry and Conservation Agriculture written by Eric Lichtfouse and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-24 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable agriculture is a rapidly growing field aiming at producing food and energy in a sustainable way for our children. This discipline addresses current issues such as climate change, increasing food and fuel prices, starvation, obesity, water pollution, soil erosion, fertility loss, pest control and biodiversity depletion. Novel solutions are proposed based on integrated knowledge from agronomy, soil science, molecular biology, chemistry, toxicology, ecology, economy, philosophy and social sciences. As actual society issues are now intertwined, sustainable agriculture will bring solutions to build a safer world. This book series analyzes current agricultural issues, and proposes alternative solutions, consequently helping all scientists, decision-makers, professors, farmers and politicians wishing to build safe agriculture, energy and food systems for future generations.

Download or read book Managing Cover Crops Profitably 3rd Ed written by Andy Clark and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2008-07 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cover crops slow erosion, improve soil, smother weeds, enhance nutrient and moisture availability, help control many pests and bring a host of other benefits to your farm. At the same time, they can reduce costs, increase profits and even create new sources of income. You¿ll reap dividends on your cover crop investments for years, since their benefits accumulate over the long term. This book will help you find which ones are right for you. Captures farmer and other research results from the past ten years. The authors verified the info. from the 2nd ed., added new results and updated farmer profiles and research data, and added 2 chap. Includes maps and charts, detailed narratives about individual cover crop species, and chap. about aspects of cover cropping.

Download or read book The Beltsville Farming Systems Project written by Beltsville Agricultural Research Center and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: