Download or read book Conventional and Carbonated Water Flooding in Heavy Oil Systems written by Tayebeh Jamshidi and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the severe viscosity contrast and low displacement efficiency in heavy oil reservoirs, conventional waterflooding is still considered as one of the feasible recovery processes for such reservoirs. On the other hand, conventional waterflooding has been well studied and has been suggested for light oil reservoirs. However, viability of carbonated waterflooding for heavy oil reservoir and impact of operational parameters, reservoir characteristics, and fluid properties on the performance of this technique are yet to be fully understood. In this study, the performances of conventional and carbonated waterflooding in heavy oil reservoirs were analyzed through various micromodel and coreflooding experiments. Prior to the main tests, a series of experiments were performed to investigate the effect of various parameters such as temperature, pressure, and oil API gravity on the fluid interactions in the binary systems of brine-CO2 and oil-CO2. The solubility of carbon dioxide in 20,000 ppm brine solution was measured at various experimental conditions and compared with previous studies. Furthermore, the solubility of CO2 in oil and the swelling factor for two heavy oils (Type-I, oAPI=20.44 and Type-II, oAPI=15.49) were experimentally measured at various conditions. In this regard, CO2 solubility was measured to be 10.13 and 5.72 (gr CO2/100 gr oil) in Type-I crude oil when temperature increased from T=21oC to 45oC at the constant pressure of Pexp=3.44 MPa. When pressure increased from Pexp=1.38 MPa to 3.44 MPa at the constant temperature of T=21oC, solubility of CO2 in Type-II crude oil was increased from 2.37 to 7.84 (gr CO2/100 gr oil). A reduction in oil API gravity had adverse effect on the CO2 solubility. For example, at the temperature of T=21oC and Pressure of Pexp=3.44 MPa, CO2 solubility decreased from about 10.13 (g CO2/100 gr in oil) Type-I to 7.84 (gr CO2/100 gr ii oil) in oil Type-II. Measured values of swelling factor showed that Type-I and Type-II crude oils could swell to the maximum of 1.079 and 1.052 times of their initial volume at the temperature of T=21oC and Pressure of Pexp=3.44 MPa. Effect of key parameters such as injection rate, temperature, oil API gravity and extreme heterogeneity on the performance of both conventional and carbonated waterflooding in heavy oil systems were extensively studied through series of experiments. Results of conventional waterflooding conducted with 1.6 PVs of injected water in the single permeability porous media showed ultimate recovery factors of 48%, 62% and 53.7% for water injection rates of qinj=0.025, 0.05, and 0.075 (cm3/min), respectively. Increasing the temperature from Texp=21oC to 30oC and 45oC improved the ultimate recovery factor of conventional waterflooding in single permeability porous media from 61% to 69.3% and 73%, respectively. These values were achieved at nearly 1.6 PVs of injected water. Analysis of the experimental results at qinj=0.05 (cm3/min) and Texp=21oC revealed an improvement of 2.44% in ultimate recovery factor when oil API gravity increased from oAPI=15.49 to 20.44. Results of this study showed that carbonated waterflooding (CWF) could improve the ultimate recovery factor by 24% compared to WF. Conventional and carbonated waterflooding tests conducted in a sand-packed model revealed that injection at higher carbonation pressure of 3.1 MPa results in 16.5% additional recovery factor in type-I heavy oil compared to heavier oil of type-II. Among API gravity, carbonation pressure, temperature and injection rate, it was found that the key success for CWF is oil API gravity and carbonation pressure.

Download or read book Hybrid Enhanced Oil Recovery Using Smart Waterflooding written by Kun Sang Lee and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2019-04-03 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hybrid Enhanced Oil Recovery Using Smart Waterflooding explains the latest technologies used in the integration of low-salinity and smart waterflooding in other EOR processes to reduce risks attributed to numerous difficulties in existing technologies, also introducing the synergetic effects. Covering both lab and field work and the challenges ahead, the book delivers a cutting-edge product for today’s reservoir engineers. Explains how smart waterflooding is beneficial to each EOR process, such as miscible, chemical and thermal technologies Discusses the mechanics and modeling involved using geochemistry Provides extensive tools, such as reservoir simulations through experiments and field tests, establishing a bridge between theory and practice

Download or read book Heavy Crude Oil Recovery written by E. Okandan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the last 10 years the world has come to a point where the easily explorable oil deposits have now been found, and it is anticipated that such deposits will be depleted by the beginning of the Twenty-first Century. However, the increasing demand of man kind for energy has caused technologists to look into ways of find ing new sources or to reevaluat:e unconventional sources which, in the past, have not been economical. In this respect, heavy crude and tar sand oils are becoming important in fulfilling the world's energy requirements. What are heavy crude and tar sand oils? There is still some confusion as to their definitions, inasmuch as they vary among organizations and countries. In an effort to set agreed meanings, UNITAR, in a meeting in February 1982 in Venezuela, proposed the following definitions (see also Table 1): 1. Heavy crude oil and tar sand oil are petroleum or petroleum like liquids or semi-solids naturally occurring in porous media. The porous media are sands, sandstone, and carbonate rocks. 2. These oils will be characterized by viscosity and density. Viscosity will be used to define heavy crude oil and tar sand oil, and density (oAPI) will be used when viscosity measurements are not available. 3. Heavy crude oil has a gas-free viscosity of 100-10000 mPa.s (cp) 3 o at reservoir temperatures, or a density of 943 kg/m (20 API) 3 o o to 1000 kg/m (10 API) at 15.6 C and at atmospheric oressure.

Download or read book Selected Topics on Improved Oil Recovery written by Berihun Mamo Negash and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-15 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents articles from the International Conference on Improved Oil Recovery, CIOR 2017, held in Bandung, Indonesia. Highlighting novel technologies in the area of Improved Oil Recovery, it discusses a range of topics, including enhanced oil recovery, hydraulic fracturing, production optimization, petrophysics and formation evaluation.

Download or read book Pressure Pulsing Potential During Waterflooding and CO2 Flooding of Heavy Oil Reservoirs written by Igor Atamanchuk and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Polymer Flooding written by W. Littmann and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1988-09-01 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers all aspects of polymer flooding, an enhanced oil recovery method using water soluble polymers to increase the viscosity of flood water, for the displacement of crude oil from porous reservoir rocks. Although this method is becoming increasingly important, there is very little literature available for the engineer wishing to embark on such a project. In the past, polymer flooding was mainly the subject of research. The results of this research are spread over a vast number of single publications, making it difficult for someone who has not kept up-to-date with developments during the last 10 to 15 years to judge the suitability of polymer flooding to a particular field case. This book tries to fill that gap. The basic mechanisms of the process are described and criteria given where it may be employed. Basic elements of the chemistry of EOR-polymers are provided. The fundamentals of polymer physics, such as rheology, flow in porous media and adsorption, are derived. Practical hints on mixing and testing of polymers in the laboratory are given, as well as instructions for their application in the oil field. Polymer flooding is illustrated by some case histories and the economics of the methods are examined. For the essential subjects, example calculations are added. An indispensable book for reservoir engineers, production engineers and laboratory technicians within the petroleum industry.

Download or read book Numerical Simulation of Carbonated Water Injection CWI Process in Live Oil Systems and Its Influences on Enhanced Oil Recovery written by Ali Hassan Mohamed Al Basri Almesmari and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Enhanced Oil Recovery Field Case Studies written by James J.Sheng and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2013-04-10 with total page 710 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enhanced Oil Recovery Field Case Studies bridges the gap between theory and practice in a range of real-world EOR settings. Areas covered include steam and polymer flooding, use of foam, in situ combustion, microorganisms, "smart water"-based EOR in carbonates and sandstones, and many more. Oil industry professionals know that the key to a successful enhanced oil recovery project lies in anticipating the differences between plans and the realities found in the field. This book aids that effort, providing valuable case studies from more than 250 EOR pilot and field applications in a variety of oil fields. The case studies cover practical problems, underlying theoretical and modeling methods, operational parameters, solutions and sensitivity studies, and performance optimization strategies, benefitting academicians and oil company practitioners alike. Strikes an ideal balance between theory and practice Focuses on practical problems, underlying theoretical and modeling methods, and operational parameters Designed for technical professionals, covering the fundamental as well as the advanced aspects of EOR

Download or read book Waterflooding written by G. Paul Willhite and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Waterflooding begins with understanding the basic principles of immiscible displacement, then presents a systematic procedure for designing a waterflood.

Download or read book Utilization of Carbonated Water Injection CWI as a Means of Improved Oil Recovery in Light Oil Systems written by Nader Mosavat and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Repairing Your Flooded Home written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When in doubt, throw it out. Don't risk injury or infection. 2: Ask for help. Many people can do a lot of the cleanup and repairs discussed in this book. But if you have technical questions or do not feel comfortable doing something, get professional help. If there is a federal disaster declaration, a telephone "hotline" will often be publicized to provide information about public, private, and voluntary agency programs to help you recover from the flood. Government disaster programs are there to help you, the taxpayer. You're paying for them; check them out. 3: Floodproof. It is very likely that your home will be flooded again someday. Floodproofing means using materials and practices that will prevent or minimize flood damage in the future. Many floodproofing techniques are inexpensive or can be easily incorporated into your rebuilding program. You can save a lot of money by floodproofing as you repair and rebuild (see Step 8).

Download or read book Oil and Gas Production Handbook An Introduction to Oil and Gas Production written by Havard Devold and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2013 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Study of Water and Carbonated Water Injection with Constant Pressure Boundaries written by Huan Yang and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Buckley-Leverett theory for one-dimensional constant fluid velocity is widely used in the oil and gas industry. However, given a changing fluid velocity with fixed pressure boundary conditions, limitations arise. This work is based on an existing extension of the Buckley-Leverett theory in a water-oil system with fixed pressure boundary conditions. This allows the Buckley-Leverett theory to be applied to situations of injecting water at a constant bottom-hole pressure and producing oil at a fixed bottom-hole pressure. Based on mass conservation, numerical simulation is performed in Matlab® using the Implicit Pressure Explicit Satuation (IMPES) method for two-phase flow. The numerical solution is compared to the recently developed analytical solution for different case studies. The comparison is also used to illustrate the effect of numerical dispersion and round-off errors. This extension of the Buckley-Leverett theory has significant consequences in its applicability to more realistic operating scenarios and computational savings through analytical solutions. Carbonated water injection is studied numerically based on the validated water injection model. In carbonated water injection, CO2 is dissolved in water phase before injection. After injection, the properties of reservoir fluids will change due to the partitioning of CO2 between both the water and oil phases. Therefore, the reduction of oil viscosity and oil-water interfacial tension would be the main factors affecting the oil recovery. However, there is minimal research on carbonated water flooding combining both thermodynamics and reservoir simulation models. This research aims to study the effect for oil recovery in carbonated water injection based on both physical and numerical perspectives.

Download or read book Low Salinity Water Flooding of Heavy Oil Reservoirs written by Dayo Afekare and published by . This book was released on 2016-08-12 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Investigation of Carbonated Water Injection CWI for Enhanced Oil Recovery at the Pore and Corescale written by Sadigheh Mahdavi and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil recovery by CO2 injection has been studied in the laboratory and applied in the field, however, for the most part, CO2 injection lacks acceptable sweep efficiency. Various CO2 injection strategies such as CO2 alternating water and gas (CO2-WAG) and CO2 simultaneous alternating water and gas (CO2-SWAG) have been suggested to alleviate this problem and improve oil recovery. The amount of CO2 required can be a limiting factor especially in offshore applications. Thus, carbonated water injection (CWI) has recently been given considerable attention as it requires less CO2 for the injection and increases the sweep efficiency. This study provides an overview of previous work on the topic and outlines the results of an integrated experimental, theoretical, and simulation investigation of the CWI for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The effect of carbonated water injection on vertical displacement (gravity effect) at both the pore-scale and core-scale was investigated in this study. The novelty of this research is to investigate the performance of water flooding (WF) and CWI in the presence of gravity using homogeneous and heterogeneous (fractured) porous media. The first phase of this research investigates the pore-scale displacement phenomena which occurs in the presence of CWI in a glass micromodel. Although the effects of many parameters have been studied, an investigation of the effect of gravity displacement and heterogeneous porous media on trapped oil extraction using CWI, is deficient in the current literature. To evaluate the potential use of CWI for vertical displacement and oil extraction, a series of experiments in medium pressure homogeneous and heterogeneous (fractured) micromodels were designed at 2.1 MPa (305 psi) and 21°C (69.8 °F). The oil saturation profile, fluid flow pattern, pore-scale mechanisms, and trapped oil mobilization were analyzed during the experiments. The results of CWI showed an increased vertical sweep efficiency compared to water flooding. The fluid flow pattern in both water flooding and CWI showed that the carbonated water phase has a better sweep efficiency. Secondary CWI resulted in 16.8% additional oil recovery compared to water flooding. After a visual investigation of the impact of CWI on oil recovery and oil distribution in micromodels, core flooding experiments were designed to qualify and compare the effectiveness of water flooding, water alternating CO2 gas (CO2-WAG), and CWI at reservoir conditions considering the solubility of CO2 in seawater and oil. The results of the core flooding experiments were evaluated using a simulation study. The results of core flooding experiments showed that secondary CWI obtained the highest recovery factor of 74.8% compared to 66.5% in CO2-WAG and 64.2% in tertiary CWI processes. The third phase the research was to simulate and predict the experimental results using Computer Modeling Group (CMG version 2014) software. The fluid model was constructed using CMG-WinPropTM to create the compositions and properties of the CO2-oil and CO2-brine mixtures. The fluid model was incorporated into the compositional and unconventional reservoir simulator, CMG-GEMTM, in order to reproduce the CWI and CO2-WAG flooding tests conducted in this study. The simulation results indicated that CWI had a higher oil recovery factor compared to water flooding and CO2-WAG. In summary, this comprehensive study highlights the CWI applicability for vertical oil sweep efficiency and enhanced oil recovery in homogeneous and heterogeneous porous media.

Download or read book Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes written by Ariffin Samsuri and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-12-18 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concerned with production decline, shortages of new oil reserves, and increasing world energy demand, the oil sector continues to search for economic and efficient techniques to enhance their oil recovery from the existing oil field using several enhanced oil recovery techniques (EOR)methods. Despite its highefficiency, widely acclaimed potentials, and limitations, the Low Salinity Water Flooding (LSWF), hybrid, and nanotechnology applications have gained vast interest with promising future to increase ultimate oil recovery, tackle operational challenges, reduce environmental damage, and allow the highest feasible recoveries with lower production costs. This synergistic combination has opened new routes for novel materials with fascinating properties. This book aims to provide an overview of EOR technology such as LSWF, hybrid, and nanotechnology applications in EOR processes.

Download or read book Carbon Capture Utilization and Sequestration written by Ramesh K. Agarwal and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-09-12 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is divided in two sections. Several chapters in the first section provide a state-of-the-art review of various carbon sinks for CO2 sequestration such as soil and oceans. Other chapters discuss the carbon sequestration achieved by storage in kerogen nanopores, CO2 miscible flooding and generation of energy efficient solvents for postcombustion CO2 capture. The chapters in the second section focus on monitoring and tracking of CO2 migration in various types of storage sites, as well as important physical parameters relevant to sequestration. Both researchers and students should find the material useful in their work.