Download or read book Controlling Ion Transport Pathways in Polymer Mixed Ion electron Conducting Devices written by Tamanna Tasneem Khan and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mixed ionic and electronic transport in organic materials is being explored in a wide range of technologies from bioelectronics to energy applications. Their performance critically relies on the interaction of ion channels with conjugated molecules responsible for charge transport. This raises the question whether ion transport can be separated and controlled through film architecture and thus control charge transport as well. Here, differential surface energies between polyelectrolyte components are used to create a nanoscale hydrophilic channel in a mixed conduction thin film device. This channel concentrates ion transport into an ion super-highway with the ion mobility measured to be nearly an order of magnitude higher than previous measurements in similar films. Ion access to this interfacial channel is, furthermore, gated through local surface energy, where gate materials of increasing hydrophobicity drive ions out of the channel, significantly hindering both ion and charge transport. This mechanism is further applied in a novel sensing device where UV-induced chemical changes local to the buried channel actively switches on the ion super highway due to the change in local surface energy. Understanding and controlling this mechanism via device architecture and polymer nanostructure will enable novel functionalities in future electronic, sensing, and medical applications.
Download or read book Structural Control of Mixed Ionic and Electronic Transport in Conducting Polymers written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with poly(styrenesulfonate), PEDOT:PSS, has been utilized for over two decades as a stable, solution-processable hole conductor. While its hole transport properties have been the subject of intense investigation, recent work has turned to PEDOT:PSS as a mixed ionic/electronic conductor in applications including bioelectronics, energy storage and management, and soft robotics. Conducting polymers can efficiently transport both holes and ions when sufficiently hydrated, however, little is known about the role of morphology on mixed conduction. Here, we show that bulk ionic and electronic mobilities are simultaneously affected by processing-induced changes in nano- and meso-scale structure in PEDOT:PSS films. We quantify domain composition, and find that domain purification on addition of dispersion co-solvents limits ion mobility, even while electronic conductivity improves. We show that an optimal morphology allows for the balanced ionic and electronic transport that is critical for prototypical mixed conductor devices. As a result, these findings may pave the way for the rational design of polymeric materials and processing routes to enhance devices reliant on mixed conduction.
Download or read book Understanding and Engineering Ion Transport in Conducting Polymers written by Eleni Stavrinidou and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many organic electronic and bioelectronics devices rely on mixed (electronic and ionic) transport within a single organic layer. Although electronic transport in these materials is relatively well understood, a fundamental understanding of ion transport is missing. I developed a simple analytical model that describes ion transport in a planar junction between an electrolyte and a conducting polymer film. The model leads to predictions of the temporal evolution of drift length of ions and current. These predictions are validated by numerical simulations and by using realistic parameters, I show that the analytical model can be used to obtain the ion mobility in the film. Furthermore, I developed an experimental method which allows the application of the analytical model and leads to a straightforward estimation of the ion drift mobilities in conducting polymers. PEDOT:PSS was found to support efficient transport of common ions, consistent with extensive swelling of the film in water. Crosslinking the film decreased its swelling and the ion mobility. Understanding the high correlation of hydration and ionic conductivity enables us to engineer materials with high and defined ion mobilities. As an example tuning of ion mobility by adjusting the relative ratio of the hydroscopic phase to PEDOT:TOS is presented. Finally I performed electrochemical impedance spectroscopy during a moving front experiment, in order to give a physical interpretation of the impedance spectra at a conducting polymer/electrolyte junction.
Download or read book Understanding Ion Injection and Transport in Mixed Ionic electronic Conductors written by Lucas Quinn Flagg and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Materials with the ability to conduct both ionic and electronic charge have found a number of new applications recently with real potential to change the world. Each of these applications has its own design requirements, however all of these rely on the ability of the polymer to conduct ions throughout the bulk of the film. In order to expand these capabilities, deeper understanding of what affects ion injection and transport is required. Specifically, the role of the electrolyte, polymer, and processing conditions all play a role. Here we specifically isolate these effects to develop a deeper understanding of what factors control ion injection and transport in conjugated polymer mixed electronic/ionic conductors. Specifically, we show that larger, more polarizable anions are able to enter hydrophobic polymers films at a lower potential, to a greater extent, and faster. Next, we investigate the role of the polymer side-chain and find that polar side chains enhance ion uptake. Additionally, we show the polymer morphology affects performance in different ways than it does in dry films, suggesting the need for new design rules. Finally, we show in certain cases the charge compensation process is cation dependent as well. Together these studies help develop our understanding of ion injection into semiconducting polymers.
Download or read book Mixed Ionic and Electronic Conductivity in Polymers written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New polymer films were synthesized that are mixed ionic-electronic conductors. Preliminary ion transport measurements have been made on these materials in the reduced state where electronic conductivity is negligible. We also have made preliminary measurements of switching times for these materials. Theoretical studies have been performed ion pairing in insulating and electronically conducting films.
Download or read book Ion Transport and Charge Compensation in Conducting Polymers written by Abdulrahman Albertar and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Influence of Side Chain Modifications on Transport in Polymeric Mixed Ionic electronic Conductors written by Jonathan William Onorato and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mixed ionic/electronic conducting polymers (MIECs) are an important emerging class of materials, with rising interest due to the wide range of applications enabled by their unique properties. Recent research efforts have begun to focus on developing homopolymer-based MIECs by introducing ion-conducting side chains in place of alkyl chains that are more traditional for conjugated polymers. It has been widely shown that side chain variations in conjugated polymers have a significant effect on polymer electronic conduction; however, understanding of the influence of side chain variation for MIEC polymers on both the ionic and electronic conduction for MIECs remains limited, and optimization efforts have been largely Edisonian. This work seeks to expand on the field's understanding of these MIEC materials and the interplay between side chains and ionic conduction, focusing on enabling predictive understanding of their material properties. First, we explore, the influence of the connection for an oligoethylene glycol side chain, either with an oxygen atom directly attached to the polymer backbone, or with a methylene bridge, highlighting the importance of proximity of the oxygen atom to the polymer backbone on ionic conductivity. We follow this with an investigation into varying the concentration and position of oxygen atoms of an oligoethylene glycol side chain, highlighting the influence that subtle changes in oxygen atom placement have on the polymer morphology, and polymer interactions with lithium salts.
Download or read book Semiconducting Polymers written by Georges Hadziioannou and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-12-15 with total page 786 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of semiconducting polymers has attracted many researchers from a diversity of disciplines. Printed circuitry, flexible electronics and displays are already migrating from laboratory successes to commercial applications, but even now fundamental knowledge is deficient concerning some of the basic phenomena that so markedly influence a device's usefulness and competitiveness. This two-volume handbook describes the various approaches to doped and undoped semiconducting polymers taken with the aim to provide vital understanding of how to control the properties of these fascinating organic materials. Prominent researchers from the fields of synthetic chemistry, physical chemistry, engineering, computational chemistry, theoretical physics, and applied physics cover all aspects from compounds to devices. Since the first edition was published in 2000, significant findings and successes have been achieved in the field, and especially handheld electronic gadgets have become billion-dollar markets that promise a fertile application ground for flexible, lighter and disposable alternatives to classic silicon circuitry. The second edition brings readers up-to-date on cutting edge research in this field.
Download or read book Handbook Of Solid State Batteries And Capacitors written by M Z A Munshi and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1995-05-11 with total page 739 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid state power sources have developed remarkably in the last three decades owing to improvements in technology and a greater understanding of the underlying basic sciences. In particular, a greater impetus has recently been placed in developing and commercializing small, lightweight, and highly energetic solid state power sources driven by demands from portable consumer electronics, medical technology, sensors, and electric vehicles. This comprehensive handbook features contributions by forerunners in the field of solid state power source technology from universities, research organizations, and industry. It is directed at the physicist, chemist, materials scientist, electrochemist, electrical engineer, science students, battery and capacitor technologists, and evaluators of present and future generations of power sources, as a reference text providing state-of-the-art reviews on solid state battery and capacitor technologies, and also insights into likely future developments in the field. The volume covers a comprehensive series of articles that deal with the fundamental aspects and experimental aspects of solid state power sources, an in-depth discussion on the state of the various technologies, and applications of these technologies. A description of the recent developments on solid state capacitor technology, and a comprehensive list of references in each and every article will help the reader with an encyclopedia of hidden information. The organization of the material has been carefully divided into thirty-one chapters to ensure that the handbook is thoroughly comprehensive and authoritative on the subject for the reader.
Download or read book Chemoelectromechanical Actuation in Conducting Polymer Hybrid with Bilayer Lipid Membrane written by Hao Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological and bio-inspired systems using ion transport across a membrane for energy conversion has inspired recent developments in smart materials. The active mechanism in bioderived materials is ion transport across an impermeable membrane that converts electrochemical gradients into electrical and mechanical work. In addition to bioderived materials, ion transport phenomenon in electroactive polymers such as ionomeric and conducting polymers produces electromechanical coupling in these materials. Inspired by the similarity in transduction mechanism, this thesis focuses on integrating the ion transport processes in a bioderived material and a conducting polymer for developing novel actuation systems. The integrated membrane has a bilayer lipid membrane (BLM) formed on a conducting polymer, and the proteins reconstituted in the BLM regulate ion transport into the conducting polymer. The properties of the polymer layer in the integrated device are regulated through a control signal applied to the bioderived layer and hence the hybrid membrane resembles an ionic transistor. Due to the bioderived nature of this device, it is referred to as a "bioderived ionic transistor". The research carried out in this thesis will demonstrate the fabrication, characterization and design limitations for fabricating a chemoelectromechanical actuator using the BIT membrane. The BIT membrane has been fabricated using BLM (DPhPC) reconstituted with protein (alamethicin) to gate Na$^+$ transport into conducting polymer membrane (PPy(DBS)). In this membrane, the bioderived layer is fabricated with proteins by vesicle fusion method and conducting polymer is fabricated by electropolymerization. The bioderived layers, the conducting polymer layers and the hybrid membrane are characterized using electrochemical measurements such as cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The fabrication, characterization and design effort presented in this thesis focuses on the integration of ion transport through the bioderived membrane into volumetric expansion and bending actuation. The characterization efforts are supported by empirical and physics-based models to represent the input-output relationship for both PPy(DBS) actuator and bioderived membrane, and design rules for the proposed actuation platforms are specified. The electropolymerized PPy(DBS) actuator is anticipated to be used in a bicameral device with the chambers kept separated by the DPhPC-alamethicin bioderived membrane. The relationship between the gradient potential, ionic current through the gate, ion concentration, ion transport coefficient in the conducting polymer layer, and the induced tip displacement in the polymer has been concluded from experiments and fitted to the actuation system model. This thesis will also address future directions for this research and anticipated applications for this hybrid actuation concept, such as artificial muscle, drug delivery.
Download or read book Impedance Spectroscopy written by Evgenij Barsoukov and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-03-22 with total page 1088 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Essential Reference for the Field, Featuring Protocols, Analysis, Fundamentals, and the Latest Advances Impedance Spectroscopy: Theory, Experiment, and Applications provides a comprehensive reference for graduate students, researchers, and engineers working in electrochemistry, physical chemistry, and physics. Covering both fundamentals concepts and practical applications, this unique reference provides a level of understanding that allows immediate use of impedance spectroscopy methods. Step-by-step experiment protocols with analysis guidance lend immediate relevance to general principles, while extensive figures and equations aid in the understanding of complex concepts. Detailed discussion includes the best measurement methods and identifying sources of error, and theoretical considerations for modeling, equivalent circuits, and equations in the complex domain are provided for most subjects under investigation. Written by a team of expert contributors, this book provides a clear understanding of impedance spectroscopy in general as well as the essential skills needed to use it in specific applications. Extensively updated to reflect the field’s latest advances, this new Third Edition: Incorporates the latest research, and provides coverage of new areas in which impedance spectroscopy is gaining importance Discusses the application of impedance spectroscopy to viscoelastic rubbery materials and biological systems Explores impedance spectroscopy applications in electrochemistry, semiconductors, solid electrolytes, corrosion, solid state devices, and electrochemical power sources Examines both the theoretical and practical aspects, and discusses when impedance spectroscopy is and is not the appropriate solution to an analysis problem Researchers and engineers will find value in the immediate practicality, while students will appreciate the hands-on approach to impedance spectroscopy methods. Retaining the reputation it has gained over years as a primary reference, Impedance Spectroscopy: Theory, Experiment, and Applications once again present a comprehensive reference reflecting the current state of the field.
Download or read book Application for Continuation of Mixed Ionic and Electronic Conductivity in Polymers written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim in this portion of the research is to prepare new electroactive films with high ion mobility, and to characterize the transport properties of these materials. The classic conducting polymers, polyacetylene, polythiophene, and polypyrrole have dense structures that prevent rapid redox switching because of the low diffusivity of ions. The objective is to modify the last two polymers with pendant polyethers, which should greatly improve ion transport.
Download or read book Polymerized Ionic Liquids written by Ali Eftekhari and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series covers the fundamentals and applications of different smart material systems from renowned international experts.
Download or read book Charge Transport in Polypyrrole based Conducting Polymers written by Xiaoming Ren and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dynamics of Soft Matter written by VICTORIA GARCIA SAKAI and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-12-19 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dynamics of Soft Matter: Neutron Applications provides an overview of neutron scattering techniques that measure temporal and spatial correlations simultaneously, at the microscopic and/or mesoscopic scale. These techniques offer answers to new questions arising at the interface of physics, chemistry, and biology. Knowledge of the dynamics at these levels is crucial to understanding the soft matter field, which includes colloids, polymers, membranes, biological macromolecules, foams, emulsions towards biological & biomimetic systems, and phenomena involving wetting, friction, adhesion, or microfluidics. Emphasizing the complementarities of scattering techniques with other spectroscopic ones, this volume also highlights the potential gain in combining techniques such as rheology, NMR, light scattering, dielectric spectroscopy, as well as synchrotron radiation experiments. Key areas covered include polymer science, biological materials, complex fluids and surface science.
Download or read book Iontronics written by Janelle Leger and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions from a community of experts, the book focuses on the use of ionic functions to define the principle of operation in polymer devices. It begins by reviewing the scientific understanding and important scientific discoveries made on the electrochemistry of conjugated polymers. It examines the known effects of ion incorporation, including the theory and modulation of electrochemistry in polymer films, and it explores the coupling of electronic and ionic transport in polymer films.
Download or read book Conducting Polymers written by György Inzelt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-04-08 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a systematic survey of the knowledge accumulated in this field in the last thirty years. It includes material on the thermodynamic aspects of the polymers, the theory of the mechanism of charge transport processes, and the chemical and physical properties of these compounds. Also covered are the techniques of characterization, the electrochemical methods of synthesis, and the application of these systems. Inzelt’s book is a must-read for electrochemists and others.
