Download or read book Controlled Coronal Stiffness Prosthetic Ankle for Improving Balance on Uneven Terrain written by Jeffrey J. Gorges and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For lower limb amputees, quality of life is directly related to the functionality of their prosthetic devices. Uneven terrain can cause significant disturbances to an individual's gait. Disturbances with significant inversion or eversion are more likely to cause imbalance than sagittal plane disturbances, yet currently marketed devices do not have controlled methods for reacting in the coronal plane. The objective of this project was to develop a prosthetic ankle that is capable of changing stiffness characteristics in the coronal plane with the objective of creating a more stable support for amputees. This device will be used in further research to characterize kinematics in the coronal plane and develop strategies of improving amputee balance while traversing uneven terrain. Methods A prosthetic ankle was designed, built and tested that is capable of controlling the rotational stiffness of the ankle for inversion and eversion. The effective length of two cantilever beam springs can be changed by a motor controlled through a battery powered on-board computer. A series of bench tests and human subject tests were performed to test the functionality of the device including stiffness characterization, comparison to available commercial devices, motor control characteristics, human subject standing balance center of pressure tracking, and walking on an inverted and everted plane. Characterization of the device and stiffness properties showed that over a series of springs it was capable of developing a range of rotational stiffness values from 23 Nm/rad to 510 Nm/rad. When placed in series with a stiff commercial foot, one particular set of springs proved to have a greater range of stiffness than that covered by a series of commercial feet. Human subject testing demonstrated methods and metrics that could be used to evaluate optimal stiffness values and profiles. Motor tests showed that the drive system did not perform well enough to quickly change stiffness values while fully weighted on an inverted or everted surface.The range of stiffness characteristics over which the device is capable has proven to be sufficient. However, the drive system for dynamically changing the stiffness throughout the gait cycle requires a few design changes. The device has proven to be capable of testing the effects of amputee balance and kinematics while walking on uneven terrain. Further use of this device for research will help to develop the optimal coronal stiffness characteristics and controls for improved prosthetic ankles.

Download or read book Tuning Prosthetic Foot Stiffness to Improve Lower limb Amputee Mobility written by Courtney Elyse Shell and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The foot, ankle and surrounding musculature play key roles in walking and maneuvering. They provide not only body support but also forward propulsion, terrain adaptation, and contributions to mediolateral balance control. Prosthetic feet have previously been designed to provide body support and, to some degree, forward propulsion and sagittal-plane terrain adaptation. However, there has been little exploration of how prosthesis design affects performance in tasks that challenge mediolateral balance, such as turning and walking on cross-slopes. In Chapter 2, the effects of prosthetic foot stiffness on unilateral transtibial amputee gait during turning were explored. Changes found in sagittal-plane kinematics and kinetics caused by more compliant prostheses were similar to those seen previously in studies of straight-line walking. This included decreased body support, increased residual limb propulsion and greater limb flexion. Mediolateral balance, measured by peak-to-peak range of whole-body angular momentum, improved with decreasing stiffness, but adaptations in coronal-plane angles, work and ground reaction force impulses were less systematic. In Chapter 3, forward dynamics simulations of a unilateral transtibial amputee stepping on a cross-slope were used to identify optimal coronal-plane stiffness profiles that improved balance control by decreasing changes in coronal-plane whole-body angular momentum. Profiles that decreased these changes were identified for ankle-inverting and ankle-everting cross-slopes as well as level ground. The change in coronal-plane whole-body angular momentum decreased with an increase in stiffness for ankle-everting cross-slopes but with a decrease in stiffness for ankle-inverting cross-slopes and level ground. Stiffness profiles influenced mediolateral balance control through the medial GRF, but were specific to each surface type. These results highlight the need to identify the surface type encountered (level, ankle-inverting or ankle-everting cross-slope) so that the stiffness profile appropriate for the surface can be set. To that end, in Chapter 4, measurements from the residual limb useful for predicting a cross-slope with a pattern recognition algorithm were identified. Residual limb kinematics, especially measurements from the foot, shank and ankle, were found to successfully predict the surface type with high accuracy. These studies have provided rationale and foundation for designing prostheses that help maintain mediolateral balance control when encountering turning or uneven terrain.

Download or read book A Coronally clutching Ankle to Improve Amputee Balance on Coronally uneven and Unpredictable Terrain written by Kyle Harris Yeates and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To improve amputee balance on coronally-uneven and unpredictable terrain, a coronally-clutching ankle (CCA) prosthesis was developed and tested using amputee participants. In its adapting mode, the CCA device enabled free coronal rotation of the prosthetic foot of up to ±15° from horizontal, and approximately 100 ms after heal strike, would cease further rotation. The CCA was tested on three healthy amputee participants that stood still on, and walked across, an instrumented disturbance device that was capable of producing unpredictable inversions and eversions of 15°. Participants’ balance during gait over the coronally-uneven and unpredictable terrain was evaluated using the range of coronal angular momentum. This metric exhibited no significant pairwise differences between participants’ as prescribed prosthesis and the CCA in its adapting mode, suggesting the CCA did not improve gait balance on coronally-uneven and unpredictable terrain. Lateral sway of participant’s center of pressure measured their balance as they stood still on the coronally-uneven terrain. Again, no significant pairwise differences were observed between prosthesis conditions; however, it appeared the CCA in its adapting mode may have slightly improved participant balance, especially in inversion. During walking trials, the CCA in adapting mode was able to match the coronal angle of the foot to that of the terrain. However, evaluation of the moment about the CCA pivot revealed that its distance from the bottom of the prosthetic foot prevented the CCA from reducing the disturbance moment produced when amputees stepped on the coronally-uneven and unpredictable terrain. Furthermore, when the CCA was adapting to coronally-uneven and unpredictable terrain, large oscillations of the disturbed limb’s hip moment were observed, suggesting participants required additional recovery strategies to compensate for the CCA’s adaption. Thus, while the CCA in this study was able to adapt the coronal foot angle to coronally-uneven and unpredictable terrain, a clear benefit to gait balance was not observed. A possible benefit to standing balance was observed, but was not statistically significant. Future iterations of the CCA device will incorporate the learnings of this study to improve the balance outcomes of amputees on coronally-uneven and unpredictable terrain.

Download or read book Lower limb Prosthetics written by Norman Berger and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Core Topics in Foot and Ankle Surgery written by Andrew Robinson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-04-19 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This concise guide offers an ideal overview of both the practical and theoretical aspects of foot and ankle surgery for trainees and junior consultants. Easy to read chapters cover all areas of surgery, from examination, imaging, and the biomechanics of the foot and ankle, to specific conditions including amputations and prostheses, deformities, arthritis, cavus and flat foot, sports injuries, Achilles tendon, benign and malignant tumors and heel pain. Fractures and dislocations of the ankle, hind-, mid- and forefoot are also covered, as are the foot in diabetes and pediatrics. Written by a team of international experts, the text is an accessible way to prepare for postgraduate examinations and manage patients successfully.

Download or read book Atlas of Limb Prosthetics written by American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and published by Amer Academy of Orthopaedic. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 930 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Newly available after being out of print for several years, this is the definitive reference on the surgical and prosthetic management of acquired or congenital limb loss. Covers indications for amputation vs. limb salvage for trauma, peripheral vascular disease, and tumours; indications for prostheses for amputation levels; and rehabilitation approaches.

Download or read book Postgraduate Orthopaedics written by Paul A. Banaszkiewicz and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-16 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The must-have book for candidates preparing for the oral component of the FRCS (Tr and Orth).

Download or read book Personalized Hip and Knee Joint Replacement written by Charles Rivière and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-30 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book describes and illustrates the surgical techniques, implants, and technologies used for the purpose of personalized implantation of hip and knee components. This new and flourishing treatment philosophy offers important benefits over conventional systematic techniques, including component positioning appropriate to individual anatomy, improved surgical reproducibility and prosthetic performance, and a reduction in complications. The techniques described in the book aim to reproduce patients’ native anatomy and physiological joint laxity, thereby improving the prosthetic hip/knee kinematics and functional outcomes in the quest of the forgotten joint. They include kinematically aligned total knee/total hip arthroplasty, partial knee replacement, and hip resurfacing. The relevance of available and emerging technological tools for these personalized approaches is also explained, with coverage of, for example, robotics, computer-assisted surgery, and augmented reality. Contributions from surgeons who are considered world leaders in diverse fields of this novel surgical philosophy make this open access book will invaluable to a wide readership, from trainees at all levels to consultants practicing lower limb surgery

Download or read book Orthotics and Prosthetics in Rehabilitation written by Michelle M. Lusardi and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2007 with total page 936 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whether you are a student or a clinician, if you work with patients with neuromuscular and musculoskeletal impairments, you will find this text supplies a strong foundation in and appreciation for the field of orthotics and prosthetics that will give you the critical skills you need when working with this unique client population.

Download or read book Whittle s Gait Analysis written by Jim Richards and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2012-07-13 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whittle’s Gait Analysis – formerly known as Gait Analysis: an introduction – is now in its fifth edition with a new team of authors led by David Levine and Jim Richards. Working closely with Michael Whittle, the team maintains a clear and accessible approach to basic gait analysis. It will assist both students and clinicians in the diagnosis of and treatment plans for patients suffering from medical conditions that affect the way they walk. Highly readable, the book builds upon the basics of anatomy, physiology and biomechanics Describes both normal and pathological gait Covers the range of methods available to perform gait analysis, from the very simple to the very complex. Emphasizes the clinical applications of gait analysis Chapters on gait assessment of neurological diseases and musculoskeletal conditions and prosthetics and orthotics Methods of gait analysis Design features including key points A team of specialist contributors led by two internationally-renowned expert editors 60 illustrations, taking the total number to over 180 Evolve Resources containing video clips and animated skeletons of normal gait supported by MCQs, an image bank, online glossary and sources of further information. Log on to http://evolve.elsevier.com/Whittle/gait to register and start using these resources today!

Download or read book Atlas of Amputations Limb Deficiencies 4th edition written by J. Ivan Krajbich, MD and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2018-08-31 with total page 2187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The leading and definitive reference on the surgical and prosthetic management of acquired and congenital limb loss. The fourth edition of the Atlas of Amputations and Limb Deficiencies is written by recognized experts in the fields of amputation surgery, rehabilitation, and prosthetics.

Download or read book Essential Foot and Ankle Surgical Techniques written by Christopher F. Hyer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-23 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive textbook brings together a unique vision and multidisciplinary approach – embracing and combining MD, DO and DPM foot and ankle training disciplines – into a singular focus on improving and mastering surgical treatment of foot and ankle disorders. It opens with a chapter presenting the specific preoperative considerations and protocols commonly followed by foot and ankle surgeons of all specialties. Divided into three main thematic sections detailing the forefoot, midfoot and hindfoot, each subsequent chapter follows a consistent chapter format presenting case examples, key surgical set-up and equipment needs and step-by-step clinical pearls for surgical excellence. Post-operative care and rehabilitation recommendations are also included for a well-rounded presentation of care from start to finish. Both common and complex pathologies and injuries are discussed, from bunion and hammertoe management to the Charcot foot and ankle, total ankle replacement, arthroscopy and arthroplasty techniques, amputations and biologics. Generous figures and intraoperative photos illustrate the procedures in vivid detail. The subspecialty of foot and ankle surgery is a highly specialized one, which is constantly evolving and improving. This speaks to the complexity of the foot and ankle complex, the multiple levels and articulations of the foot and the variety of pathologies encountered. This textbook leans on the unique experience and training of the OFAC attending surgeons and past fellows to reveal the pearls and keys to the efficient surgical treatment of the full gamut of foot and ankle pathologies. Ideally suited for residents and students whether MD, DO or DPM, Essential Foot and Ankle Surgical Techniques - EFAST for short - is a dynamic, multidisciplinary resource that covers the full range of pathologies and injuries an orthopedic surgeon or podiatrist would encounter in daily practice.

Download or read book Total Knee Arthroplasty written by James Alan Rand and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 1993 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive reference on total knee arthroplasty describes all surgical techniques and prosthetic designs for primary and revision arthroplasty, discusses every aspect of patient selection, preoperative planning, and intraoperative and postoperative care.

Download or read book Arthrogryposis written by Lynn T. Staheli and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998-04-28 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term arthrogryposis describes a range of congenital contractures that lead to childhood deformities. It encompasses a number of syndromes and sporadic deformities that are rare individually but collectively are not uncommon. Yet, the existing medical literature on arthrogryposis is sparse and often confusing. The aim of this book is to provide individuals affected with arthrogryposis, their families, and health care professionals with a helpful guide to better understand the condition and its therapy. With this goal in mind, the editors have taken great care to ensure that the presentation of complex clinical information is at once scientifically accurate, patient oriented, and accessible to readers without a medical background. The book is authored primarily by members of the medical staff of the Arthrogryposis Clinic at Children's Hospital and Medical Center in Seattle, Washington, one of the leading teams in the management of the condition, and will be an invaluable resource for both health care professionals and families of affected individuals.

Download or read book Shoulder Arthroplasty E Book written by Gary M. Gartsman and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2008-10-06 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is a technique intensive textbook of shoulder arthroplasty detailing how to handle all relevant aspects of shoulder replacement surgery. Distinguished shoulder surgeons Gary M. Gartsman—author of the well-received Shoulder Arthroscopy—and T. Bradley Edwards provide step-by-step details for each category of shoulder arthroplasty, covering indications and contraindications, pre-operative planning and imaging, results and complications, and more. Copious color intraoperative photographs and illustrations make this book one that all shoulder surgeons need to have at hand! Presents the personal techniques of two master surgeons to give you the benefit of an authoritative approach to challenging surgeries as well as a consistent tone throughout the book. Covers pre-operative planning and surgical techniques in meticulous detail, including Glenoid Component, Reduction/Deltoid Tensioning, Humeral Surface Replacement, and Biological Glenoid Resurfacing. Emphasizes results, complications, and the important topic of post-operative orthosis and rehabilitation to provide a timely focus on outcomes, a rapidly growing trend in orthopaedic surgery. Features intraoperative photographs accompanied by line drawings for added clarification of the procedures. Organizes material in a consistent, structured format for easier use of the text as a technical reference.

Download or read book Bipedal Robots written by Christine Chevallereau and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-03-01 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents various techniques to carry out the gait modeling, the gait patterns synthesis, and the control of biped robots. Some general information on the human walking, a presentation of the current experimental biped robots, and the application of walking bipeds are given. The modeling is based on the decomposition on a walking step into different sub-phases depending on the way each foot stands into contact on the ground. The robot design is dealt with according to the mass repartition and the choice of the actuators. Different ways to generate walking patterns are considered, such as passive walking and gait synthesis performed using optimization technique. Control based on the robot modeling, neural network methods, or intuitive approaches are presented. The unilaterality of contact is dealt with using on-line adaptation of the desired motion.

Download or read book Frontiers in Orthopaedic Biomechanics written by Cheng-Kung Cheng and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-30 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides state-of-the-art and up-to-date discussions on the pathology-related considerations and implications in the field of orthopaedic biomechanics. It presents fundamental engineering and mechanical theories concerning the biomechanics of orthopaedic and anatomical structures, and explores the biological and mechanical features that influence or modify the biomechanics of these structures. It also addresses clinically relevant biomechanical issues with a focus on diagnosis, injury, prevention and treatment. The first 12 chapters of the book provide a detailed review of the principles of orthopaedic biomechanics in the musculoskeletal system, including cartilage, bone, muscles and tendon, ligament, and multiple joints. Each chapter also covers important biomechanical concepts relevant to surgical and clinical practice. The remaining chapters examines clinically relevant trauma and injury challenges in the field, including diagnostic techniques such as movement analysis and rehabilitation intervention. Lastly it describes advanced considerations and approaches for fracture fixation, implant design, and biomaterials.