Download or read book Control of Intervals to First Service and Attempts to Improve Fertility in Dairy Cattle Using Prostaglandin F2 and Gonadotropin releasing Hormone written by Matthew Christian Lucy and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Improving Dairy Cattle Fertility written by Jennifer A. Spencer and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In cattle, early embryonic loss may occur due to the premature secretion of prostaglandin F2a (PGF2a) during days 14-16 after fertilization. The objective of the first experiment in this study was to determine aspirin's effects on PGF2a during the luteal phase of the estrous cycle in lactating dairy cows by characterizing blood plasma prostaglandin metabolites (PGFM) and progesterone (P4) concentrations. Aspirin decreased PGFM for 30 hours after last bolus administration and increased the day to luteolysis. The objective of the second experiment was to determine the effectiveness of the initial gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in a 5-day CIDR (controlled internal drug releasing inserts)-Cosynch resynchronization protocol on fertility to second insemination in lactating dairy cows. No differences in pregnancy rate per artificial insemination (PR/AI) were observed between no GnRH (treatment) and GnRH (control) for the second insemination. Indicating that GnRH may not be necessary at the initiation of a CIDR-Cosynch resynchronization protocol.

Download or read book Use of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone to Improve Fertility in repeat Breeder Dairy Cows written by Emmauel Maurice and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Manipulating Ovarian Function and Uterine Health with the Aim of Improving Fertility in Dairy Cattle written by Fabio Soares de Lima and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this dissertation were to determine reproductive management strategies and hormonal manipulations of ovarian responses to optimize fertility of dairy cattle and to investigate the efficacy of treatments of uterine diseases and its subsequent effects on fertility of dairy cows. An additional objective was to determine mechanisms of induced infusion with. T. pyogenes on length of the estrous cycle. Chapter 3 describes effects of 1 (1TAI) or 3 timed AI (3TAI) before natural service in lactating dairy cows not detected in estrus on pregnancy, and revealed that 3TAI had greater hazard of pregnancy and 21-day cycle pregnancy rate than 1TAI. Chapter 4 evaluated the effects of the first gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) injection of the 5-d timed AI program on ovarian responses and pregnancy per AI (P/AI) and the effect of timing of the final GnRH to induce ovulation relative to AI on P/AI in dairy heifers. Use of GnRH on the 1st day of the 5-d timed AI program resulted in low ovulation and no improvement in P/AI when a single prostaglandin (PG) F2 ... injection on d 5 was used. Extending proestrus by delaying the final GnRH from 56 to 72 h concurrent with AI benefited P/AI of heifers not in estrus at AI.

Download or read book Synchronization and Ovarian Development in Dairy Cows and Heifers written by Rebecca L. J. Coral Escalante and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reproductive management is an important factor for improving reproductive efficiency in the dairy industry. Reproductive efficiency affects the profitability of the dairy herd by decreasing days not pregnant and increasing milk produced in a cow's lifetime. There are many reproductive programs used to synchronize the estrous cycle. Prostaglandin F2[alpha] (PGF2[alpha])-based programs synchronize estrus before artificial insemination (AI) after observed estrus. Some disadvantages to PGF2[alpha]-based reproductive programs are time requirements necessary for estrus detection (2 to 3 times/d for about 30 min) and lack of estrus activity observed in dairy cows (only about 40% will show estrus). An advantage to PGF2[alpha]-based reproductive programs is acceptable conception rates (about 45 to 60%) that can surpass timed AI (TAI). Reproductive programs that employ TAI are achieved by synchronization of ovulation with a series of PGF2[alpha] and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) injections followed by insemination 16 h later. Some of the advantages to synchronization of ovulation followed by TAI are: no estrus detection and acceptable conception rates (40 to 50%). Many reproductive programs include a presynchronization step. The advantage to presynchronization is a tightened synchrony by getting more cows and heifers in the same stage of the estrous cycle before estrous synchronization and AI or TAI. There are a variety of presynchronization methods used in cattle. One of the most common programs is two injections of PGF2[alpha] 14 d apart 12 d before initiation of Ovsynch (d 0 GnRH, 7 d, PGF2[alpha], 56 h, GnRH, 16 h, TAI) (Moreira et al., 2001). Another is double Ovsynch where the Ovsynch program is administered 7 d before another Ovsynch program (Giordano et al., 2012). Long-term progestogens can also be used as a means to presynchronize the estrous cycle and has been successful in beef cows and heifers. Long term progestogens, such as a CIDR (controlled internal drug release) for 14 d, will suppress estrus, inhibit ovulation, and induce the development of a persistent dominant follicle that can ovulate after CIDR removal (Ahmad et al., 1995; Revah and Butler, 1996; Roche et al., 1999). Ovulation of the dominant follicle allows for cows and heifers to be late in the luteal stage of the estrous cycle before PGF2[alpha] and AI or PGF2[alpha], 56 h, GnRH, 16 h, TAI. Presynchronization has shown to decrease the days to pregnancy. This is an advantage because it will directly affect the number of days a cow is not pregnant and the amount of milk she will produce in her lifetime. The objective of this research was to evaluate pregnancies per AI, ovarian follicular and luteal development of postpartum dairy cows and dairy heifers in response to long term progestin-based programs (14dCIDR) compared with PGF2[alpha]-based programs. Experiment 1 (Chapter 2) evaluated the use of a 14dCIDR-PGF2[alpha] program to a PGF2[alpha]-alone program for synchronizing dairy heifers before AI. Heifers were examined by real-time ultrasonography during treatment to assess the ovarian response. Heifers were also monitored for estrus following presynchronization and treatment of PGF2[alpha] to assess ovulation response. The 14dCIDR-PGF2[alpha] system resulted in more heifers with a larger CL at the time of PGF2[alpha]. This is ideal because of the greater luteolytic effects of PGF2[alpha] has on a more mature CL. The 14dCIDR-PGF2[alpha] heifers were AI and became pregnant sooner compared with the PGF2[alpha]-alone heifers. Experiment 2 (Chapter 3) evaluated the use of a 14dCIDR_TAI program compared with a PGF2[alpha]-based program in grazing dairy cows. The 14dCIDR_TAI program employed synchronization of ovulation before TAI and the PGF2[alpha]-based program employed synchronization of estrus with AI after observed estrus. The evaluation of reproductive efficiency for each program was examined. Cows assigned to the 14dCIDR_TAI program were AI early in the breeding season and were all AI by the end the breeding season compared with the PGF2[alpha]-based program. The PGF2[alpha]-based program had a greater first service conception rate (FSCR) compared with the 14dCIDR_TAI program but did not achieve a greater number of pregnancies after two inseminations. Experiment 3 (Chapter 4) evaluated the use of a 14dCIDR_TAI program compared with another common TAI program (Presynch-Oysynch56) in postpartum lactating dairy cows. Follicular dynamics and luteal development were monitored in both programs. Each program was evaluated for effectiveness to presynchronize the estrous cycle and establish pregnancy. The 14dCIDR_TAI and the Presynch-Ovsynch56 programs were comparable in their effectiveness to presynchronize the estrous cycle and establish pregnancy in cows that were cycling. Non-cycling cows treated with the Presynch-Ovsynch56 program had lesser conception rate compared with those that were cycling. There was no difference in conception rate with non-cycling or cycling cows treated with the 14dCIDR_TAI. Experiment 4 (Chapter 5) evaluated the use of the 14dCIDR_TAI program with or without PGF2[alpha] at CIDR removal. It is possible for cows to still have a CL after the end of the 14dCIDR treatment either due to longer estrous cycles or the cow was early in her estrous cycle when the CIDR was inserted. The addition of PGF2[alpha] may help improve the synchrony and conception rates after presynchronization of the estrous cycle before TAI. The addition of the PGF2[alpha] at CIDR removal demonstrated an increase in the number of cows that showed estrus after presynchronization but conception rates were comparable. Overall, the use of the 14dCIDR as means to presynchronize the estrous cycle has been demonstrated as an effective way to enhance the synchrony and decrease the interval to pregnancy in dairy cows and heifers.

Download or read book Ovulation Estrous and Fertility Traits of Dairy Cows After Early Postpartum Treatment with Gonadotropin releasing Hormone and Prostaglandin F2 Alpha written by Moncef Ben Mrad and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ovarian Characteristics Serum Concentrations and Fertility in Lactating Dairy Cows in Response to Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin written by Stephanie Pulley and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives were to evaluate the effects of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) administration on preovulatory follicle diameter, serum estradiol and progesterone concentration, corpus luteum (CL) diameter, estrual activity, and pregnancy rate. Lactating dairy cows were submitted to a Presynch-Ovsynch timed artificial insemination (TAI) protocol. Cows (n = 121) in a single herd were treated with 2 injections of prostaglandin F2[Alpha] (PGF) 14 d apart (Presynch), with the second injection administered 11 d before the onset of a timed AI protocol (Ovsynch; injection of GnRH 7 d before and 56 h after PGF2[Alpha], with TAI administered 16 to 18 h after the second GnRH injection). Cows were assigned randomly to receive either saline or 400 IU eCG concurrent with the PGF2[Alpha] injection of the Ovsynch protocol (d 0). Blood samples were collected during the study to monitor serum changes in progesterone and estradiol to determine if eCG would facilitate increased estrual activity, improved ovulatory response to GnRH, and enhanced post-ovulatory luteal function. Administration of eCG tended to increase the number of CL and on d 9 and 16 after PGF2[Alpha], corresponding to d 6 and 13 post-ovulation. Volume of the post-eCG treatment luteal tissue was increased only on d 16. Timed AI pregnancy rates did not differ between eCG (36.9%) and control cows (41.8%). We concluded that use of eCG provided no profertility advantages to dairy cattle when programmed for a timed insemination at first service.

Download or read book Agrindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 1280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Organic Dairy Farming written by and published by Orang-Utan Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Buffalo Bubalus bubalis Production and Research written by Giorgio A. Presicce and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2017-03-31 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook aims at focusing on the husbandry of the common water buffalo, (Bubalis bubalis). The book covers a broad range of topics such as the buffalo’s genetic evolution, cytogenetics, subspecies, breed diversification, feeding and metabolic specificity, adaptable response to environmental stress factors, welfare, dairy requirements and production, reproduction and embryo technologies, cryopreservation, sperm cell sexing, somatic cell cloning and transgenesis. Chapters presented and reviewed in this book have been by contributed by renowned scientists that have devoted years of research to the understanding of this species, and highlight the most recent advances in basic and applied science to unveil the understanding of physiological facets intrinsic to this animal species. The depth of the selected topics makes this book especially suited for readers of all academic levels of study. Researchers, students and professionals will find this book a useful guide to breeding and farming the water buffalo.

Download or read book Large Dairy Herd Management written by H. H. Van Horn and published by American Dairy Science Association. This book was released on 1992 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pathways to Pregnancy and Parturition written by Phillip L. Senger and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: College level animal reproductive physiology.

Download or read book Manual of Equine Reproduction E Book written by Steven P. Brinsko and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2010-05-19 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in full color, Manual of Equine Reproduction, 3rd Edition provides a comprehensive look at the reproductive management of horses, including management of stallions, pregnant mares, and neonatal foals. Expert authors use a concise, practical approach in discussing improved therapies and treatments in equine breeding. You’ll enhance your skills and knowledge with this book’s detailed coverage of techniques used in reproductive examination, breeding procedures, pregnancy diagnosis, foaling, and reproductive tract surgery. A clinical emphasis includes a step-by-step format of possible scenarios from conception to breeding management. Practical information includes topics such as breeding with transported cooled or frozen semen, and caring for the broodmare and newborn foal. The organization of material corresponds to the course of study in veterinary school, so you can find topics easily. Chapter objectives and study questions at the beginning of each chapter guide you through the material and provide clear learning goals. Evaluation of Breeding Records chapter covers the importance of breeding records, and how to use them to evaluate stallion performance and optimize fertility. References are listed at the end of each chapter for further research and study. Full-color photographs and illustrations clearly depict procedures, and all drawings have been redrawn and improved. NEW Assisted Reproductive Technology chapter goes beyond embryo transfer. Updated content includes the latest advances in therapies and treatments. New content is added to two chapters, Reproductive Physiology of the Nonpregnant Mare and Manipulation of Estrus in the Mare. Thorough coverage of every aspect of equine reproduction provides a strong foundation for success in veterinary practice, including a discussion of the use of GnRH-analog deslorelin (Ovuplant) to hasten ovulation; aseptic technique for endometrial biopsy; use of transabdominal ultrasonography, especially in early pregnancy; determination of fetal gender by transrectal ultrasonography; aspiration testicular biopsy using a spring-loaded biopsy instrument; and procedure for surgical embryo transfer.

Download or read book Heat Stress and Animal Productivity written by Anjali Aggarwal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-30 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr. Anjali Aggarwal is working as a Senior Scientist at National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal (India). She holds a PhD degree in Animal Physiology and is involved in research and teaching at post-graduate level. Her area of research work is stress and environmental physiology. She has more than 50 publications, two technical bulletins, four manuals and many book chapters to her credit. She has successfully guided many post-graduate and PhD students. Her major research accomplishments are on microclimatic modification for alleviation of heat and cold stress, mist and fan cooling systems for cows and buffaloes, and use of wallowing tank in buffaloes. Her work involves the use of technology of supplementing micronutrients during dry period and early lactation to crossbred and indigenous cows for alleviating metabolic and oxidative stress and improved health and productivity. Studies are also done in her lab on partitioning of heat loss from skin and pulmonary system of cattle and buffaloes as a result of exercise or exposure to heat stress. Dr. R.C. Upadhyay is working as Head, Dairy Cattle Physiology Division at National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal (India). He graduated in Veterinary Sciences and obtained his PhD degree in Animal Physiology. His area of recent research is climate change, stress, and environmental physiology. His major research accomplishment is on climate change impact assessment of milk production and growth in livestock. His work also involves studying methane conversion and emission factors for Indian livestock and use of IPCC methodology of methane inventory of Indian livestock. Heat shock protein-70 expression studies in cattle and buffaloes are also done in his lab. Draught animal power evaluation, fatigue assessment, work-rest cycle and work limiting factors form the highlights of his work. Studies on partitioning of heat loss from skin and pulmonary system of cattle and buffaloes and electrocardiographic studies in cattle, buffalo, sheep and goat are also undertaken in his lab. He has more than 75 research papers, four books and several book chapters to his credit. Technologies developed and research done by him include methodology of methane measurement: open and closed circuit for cattle and buffaloes; inventory of methane emission from livestock using IPCC methodology; livestock stress index: thermal stress measurement based on physiological functions; and draught power evaluation system and large animal treadmill system. He received training in Radio-nuclides in medicine at Australian School of Nuclear Technology, Lucas heights, NSW, Australia in 1985 and Use of radioisotopes in cardiovascular investigations at CSIRO, Prospect, NSW, Australia, during 1985-86. He has guided several post-graduate and PhD students. He is recipient of Hari Om Ashram Award-1990 (ICAR) for outstanding research in animal sciences.

Download or read book Goat Science written by Sándor Kukovics and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-06-20 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Goat science covers quite a wide range and varieties of topics, from genetics and breeding, via nutrition, production systems, reproduction, milk and meat production, animal health and parasitism, etc., up to the effects of goat products on human health. In this book, several parts of them are presented within 18 different chapters. Molecular genetics and genetic improvement of goats are the new approaches of goat development. Several factors affect the passage rate of digesta in goats, but for diet properties, goats are similar to other ruminants. Iodine deficiency in goats could be dangerous. Assisted reproduction techniques have similar importance in goats like in other ruminants. Milk and meat production traits of goats are almost equally important and have significant positive impacts on human health. Many factors affect the health of goats, heat stress being of increasing importance. Production systems could modify all of the abovementioned characteristics of goats.

Download or read book Reproductive Technologies in Farm Animals 2nd Edition written by Ian Gordon and published by CABI. This book was released on 2017-06-23 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building on the successful structure of the first edition, the second edition of Reproductive Technologies in Farm Animals has been totally updated and revised to provide an up to date account of the key techniques employed in manipulating reproduction in farm animals, including beef and dairy cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, buffaloes, camelids, horses and poultry. A classic introductory text to the subject, the book is based on a comprehensive review of the current literature. This text remains key reading for students in animal science, agriculture, veterinary medicine and biology, and veterinary practitioners and farmers who wish to keep updated on developments in techniques that may be useful in their daily practice.

Download or read book Artificial Insemination in Farm Animals written by Milad Manafi and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artificial insemination is used instead of natural mating for reproduction purposes and its chief priority is that the desirable characteristics of a bull or other male livestock animal can be passed on more quickly and to more progeny than if that animal is mated with females in a natural fashion. This book contains under one cover 16 chapters of concise, up-to-date information on artificial insemination in buffalos, ewes, pigs, swine, sheep, goats, pigs and dogs. Cryopreservation effect on sperm quality and fertility, new method and diagnostic test in semen analysis, management factors affecting fertility after cervical insemination, factors of non-infectious nature affecting the fertility, fatty acids effects on reproductive performance of ruminants, particularities of bovine artificial insemination, sperm preparation techniques and reproductive endocrinology diseases are described. This book will explain the advantages and disadvantages of using AI, the various methodologies used in different species, and how AI can be used to improve reproductive efficiency in farm animals.