Download or read book Control of Price Related Terms in Standard Form Contracts written by Yeşim M. Atamer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-19 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores various approaches around the world regarding price term control, and particularly discusses the effectiveness of two major paths: ex ante regulatory and ex post judicial intervention. Price control and its limits are issues that affect all liberal market economies, as well as more regulated markets. For the past several years, courts in many different countries have been confronted with the issue of whether, and to what extent, they should intervene regarding price-related terms in standard form contracts – especially in the area of consumer contracts. Open price clauses, flat remunerations, price adjustment clauses, clauses giving the seller/supplier the right to ask for additional payments, bundling or partitioning practices, etc.: a variety of price related terms are used to manipulate customers’ choices, often also by exploiting their behavioral biases. The result is an unfavorable contract that is later challenged in court. However, invalidating a given price term in standard forms e.g. of a banking or utilities contract only has an inter partes effect, which means that in thousands if not millions of similar contracts, the same clauses continue to be used. Effective procedural rules are often lacking. Therefore, pricing patterns that serve to hide rather than to reveal the real cost of goods and services require special attention on the part of regulators. The aim of this book is to determine the various approaches in the world regarding price term control, and particularly to discuss the efficiency of both paths, ex ante regulatory and ex post judicial intervention. Thanks to its broad comparative analysis, this book offers a thorough overview of the methods employed in several countries. It gathers twenty-eight contributions from national rapporteurs and one supra-national rapporteur (EU) to the 2018 IACL Congress held in Fukuoka. These are supplemented by a general report presented at the same IACL Congress, which includes a comparative analysis of the national and supranational reports. The national contributors hail from around the globe, including Africa (1), Asia (5), Europe (17), the European Union (1) and the Americas (5).
Download or read book Private Law in the International Arena written by Jürgen Basedow and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-09 with total page 950 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Private Law in the International Arena analyzes a wide variety of effects that cross-border activities have on the operation of private law, ranging from corporate and insolvency law to labor law, property law, the law of obligations, family law, European law and lex mercatoria. Civil procedure aspects, in national courts and arbitration proceedings, are also explored. This book provides a unique source of insights into the problems encountered and their possible solutions. All contributions have been written in honor of an eminent Private International Law scholar, Prof. Dr Kurt Siehr.
Download or read book Information Obligations and Disinformation of Consumers written by Gert Straetmans and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-05 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on recent developments in consumer law, specifically addressing mandatory disclosures and the topical problem of information overload. It provides a comparative analysis based on national reports from countries with common law and civil law traditions in Asia, America and Europe, and presents the reports in the form of chapters that have been drafted on the basis of a questionnaire, and which use the same structure as the questionnaire to allow them to be easily compared. The book starts with an analysis of the basic assumptions underlying the current consumer protection models and examines whether and how consumer models adapt to the new market conditions. The second part addresses the information obligations themselves, first highlighting the differences in the reported countries before narrowing the analysis down to countries with a general pre-contractual information duty, particularly the transparency requirements that often come with such a duty. The next part examines recent developments in the law on food labelling, commercial practices and unfair contract terms in order to identify whether similar traits can be found in European and non-European jurisdictions. The fourth part of the book focuses on specific information obligations in the financial services and e-commerce sectors, discussing the fact that legislators are experimenting with different forms of summary disclosures in these sectors. The final part provides a critical appraisal of the recent developments in consumer information obligations, addressing the question of whether the multiple criticisms from behavioural sciences necessitate abandonment or refinement of current consumer information models in favour of new, more adequate forms of consumer protection, and providing suggestions.
Download or read book E Pluribus Unum Liber Amicorum Georges A L Droz on the Progressive Unification of Private International Law written by Georges Droz and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 1996-06-07 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The unification of Private International Law is a goal to which all the contributors to this impressive volume have committed themselves, and one which seems increasingly to attract the attention of legal practitioners, researchers, writers and legislators. The essays give a unique overview of the current state of the law with respect to those areas which have been unified, or which are susceptible to unification. Insights are given into national as well as international practice, and theoretical aspects have not been neglected.
Download or read book La dimension sociale du droit international priv written by A. Bucher and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2011-04-25 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ce cours apporte la cohérence au pluralisme des méthodes, dans une perspective qui tient compte des intérêts de la société. Les règles de conflit de lois sont présentées dans une nouvelle structure, exhaustive, permettant de définir la place des règles unilatérales et bilatérales et des lois de police et d’y intégrer le droit de l’Union européenne. On distinguera ainsi entre les règles attributives, matérielles et réceptives de conflit de lois. Le lecteur emportera le message que les « mécanismes », la « proximité », l’« harmonie des solutions », la « coopération » et tant d’autres « techniques » en droit international privé doivent être remplies d’une idée de justice sans laquelle elles n’ont pas de mérite. Cette justice met en valeur l’identité et la protection de la personne à travers les ordres juridiques. Le regard sur cette idée sera le meilleur guide dans l’étude des règles et des méthodes du droit international privé.
Download or read book EC Consumer Law Compendium written by Hans Schulte-Nölke and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2009-04-27 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The EC Consumer Law Compendium presents the results of a wide-ranging study prepared for the European Commisison. This Compendium provides the reader with the necessary information for conducting pan-European cross-border consumer transactions. For the first time, the transposition of 8 key consumer directives (including those on sales, unfair terms, distance and doorstep selling as well as package travel and timeshare) into the national laws of all Member States is analyzed. The findings of this study reveal the substantial differences between the various national implementing measures as a result of utilising minimum harmonisation clauses and regulatory options.
Download or read book Common Frame of Reference and Existing EC Contract Law written by Reiner Schulze and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2009-04-27 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Draft Common Frame of Reference (DCFR) is just published. Now the creation of the final Common Frame of Reference (CFR) is one of the most important issues in the field of European Private Law. The volume discusses the key question as to what extent the CFR can and should reflect existing EC Contract Law, and to what extent the DCFR has already incorporated the acquis communautaire. The contributions to this volume try to provide answers to this question by analyzing different controversial areas such as the conclusion and content of the contract (pre-contractual duties, non-discrimination or withdrawal), non-performance, remedies, damages and the relation to International Private Law.
Download or read book The Transformation of Consumer Law and Policy in Europe written by Hans-W Micklitz and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2023-12-14 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the transformation of consumer law and policy in Europe from 4 perspectives: first, the temporal transformation, i.e., changes that can be tracked from the turn of the millennium; secondly, the substantive dimension, i.e., changes in the scope of the rights and remedies provided by consumer law, as well as the underpinning values; thirdly, the institutional dimension, i.e., changes in the role of national courts, national Parliaments, consumer agencies, and consumer organisations; and fourth, the procedural element, i.e., the shift from individual enforcement via courts to enforcement by public regulators, consumer associations, alternative dispute resolution, and the development of collective enforcement exercised by consumer agencies and/or consumer organisations. With contributions by leading consumer law scholars from across Europe, this book is a fascinating account of how consumer law has often been shaped by national as much as European interests.
Download or read book The Harmonization of Civil and Commercial Law in Europe written by Gian Antonio Benacchio and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2005-10-10 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The "Europeanization" of European private law has recently received much scrutiny and attention. Harmonizing European systems of law represents one of the greatest challenges of the 21st century. In effect, it is the adaptation of national laws into a new supra-national law, a process that signifies the beginning of a new age in Europe. This volume seeks to frame the creation of a new European Common Law in the context of recent events in European integration.Engaged in timely and cutting edge research, the authors cast into fine relief the building of a European Common Law. The work is envisioned as a guide and written in a research friendly style that includes text inserts and an extensive bibliography. In particular, this book seeks to orient lawmakers, as well as those individuals interested in EU law, in the intricacies of consumer protection, contractual law, timesharing, and other important aspects in the harmonization of domestic and EU law books. The detailed analysis and research this volume accomplishes is invaluable to those scholars and lawmakers who are the next generation of European leaders.
Download or read book Legal Aspects of Crowdfunding written by Caroline Kleiner and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-05 with total page 563 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comparative perspective on 18 countries’ legal regulation of crowdfunding. In the wake of the financial crises of 2008, use of this alternative financing method has increased substantially, in various forms. Whereas some states have adopted tailor-made regimes in order to regulate but also encourage this way of financing projects, allowing loans to be made by non-banking institutions, others still haven’t specifically addressed the subject. An analysis of these diverse legislative stances offers readers a range of legal solutions for managing crowdfunding activities with regard to e.g. protecting investors, imposing limits on project owners, and finally the role and duties of intermediaries, i.e., companies operating crowdfunding platforms. In addition, the content presented here provides a legal basis for states and supranational organizations interested in regulating this phenomenon to achieve more legal certainty.
Download or read book Balkan Yearbook of European and International Law 2019 written by Zlatan Meškić and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-11 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first issue of the Balkan Yearbook of European and International Law (BYEIL) focuses on international commercial and investment arbitration as one of the fastest developing fields of law in Southeast Europe. Covering a range of topics, the contributions analyze transparency and confidentiality in international commercial and investment arbitration in national, EU and international contexts. In addition, it compares the commercial arbitration laws and rules in Bosnia and Herzegovina with the international developments in this area.The papers published in the permanent sections on European Law and International Law explore contemporary challenges in public and private law disciplines, offering new perspectives on old concepts.
Download or read book Recueil Des Cours 1986 written by Académie de Droit International de la Ha Staff and published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. This book was released on 1987-10-06 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Academy is a prestigious international institution for the study and teaching of Public and Private International Law and related subjects. The work of the Hague Academy receives the support and recognition of the UN. Its purpose is to encourage a thorough and impartial examination of the problems arising from international relations in the field of law. The courses deal with the theoretical and practical aspects of the subject, including legislation and case law. All courses at the Academy are, in principle, published in the language in which they were delivered in the "Collected Courses of the Hague Academy of International Law .
Download or read book Localisation of Damage in Private International Law written by Olivera Boskovic and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2024-07-14 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Localisation in private international law of torts is a notoriously difficult question. How do you localize financial or moral damage? What about latent damage? Should damage in the context of cyber-torts be localized differently? The great variety of tortious actions gives rise to endless difficulties ranging from banal situations involving material damage to climate change. Trying to find suitable solutions requires answering many difficult questions, such as the very definition of damage within the meaning of private international law rules, the influence of various considerations such as foreseeability, protection of the claimant, and the remedy sought. The contributions in this volume address these questions and more from the perspectives of 17 different countries, from Austria to Venezuela.
Download or read book User Protection in IT Contracts A Comparative Study of the Protection of the User Against Defective Performance in Information Technology written by Clarisse Girot and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2001-03-06 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume considers the theme of the protection of the user in the field of Information Technology, and more specifically in relation to software licences, electronic information services and Internet access services. Litigation in IT usually stems from the users' feeling that their expectations have been frustrated at performance. When dealing with such cases, the courts seem to increasingly take the objective of user protection into account. How is this protection implemented? Is this trend generally desirable? Is this judicial protection excessive? What are the constraints met by IT providers that should be taken into account in litigation? How can the user's position be improved? User Protection in IT Contracts extensively presents the reasons why, and the ways in which national courts may decide a case in favour of the user. Many practical issues are considered in this respect. Which factors appear relevant to deal with liability claims in IT? Are exemption clauses always enforceable? What are the implications of information duties for IT providers? How can general conditions be safely incorporated to a contract? This book exhaustively reviews these and other issues in English, Dutch and French law.
Download or read book Consumer Credit written by Royston Miles Goode and published by BRILL. This book was released on 1978-01-01 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consumer Protection 2000 is a compilation of papers received at the Summer 1992 conference sponsored by the McGeorge School of Law at Salzburg, Austria. These papers provide a most helpful & instructive kaleidoscope of diverging scenarios from many, if not most, of the Western post-industrial countries. The reports provide a rational basis for assessing aspects of the best ingredients for a 'civilized society'.
