Download or read book Value and Context written by Alan Thomas and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006-07-27 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alan Thomas presents an original study of the status of value and its relation to the contexts in which evaluative claims are justified. He articulates and defends the view that human beings do possess moral and political knowledge, but that it is historically and culturally contextual knowledge in ways that, say, mathematical or chemical knowledge is not. His exposition of a 'cognitivist contextualism' in ethics and politics builds upon contemporary work in epistemology, moralphilosophy, and political theory to fashion an argument that is relevant to current debates about culture, modernity, and relativism.

Download or read book Handbook of Service Science Volume II written by Paul P. Maglio and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-16 with total page 845 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second volume of this successful handbook represents varied perspectives on the fast-expanding field of Service Science. The novel work collected in these chapters is drawn from both new researchers who have grown-up with Service Science, as well as established researchers who are adapting their frames for the modern service context. The first Handbook of Service Science marked the emergence of Service Science when disciplinary studies of business-to-customer service systems intertwined to meet the needs of a new era of business-to-business and global service ecosystems. Today, the evolving discipline of Service Science involves advanced technologies, such as smartphones, cloud, social platforms, big data analytics, and artificial intelligence. These technologies are reshaping the service landscape, transforming both business models and public policy, ranging from retail and hospitality to transportation and communications. By looking through the eyes of today’s new Service Scientists, it is anticipated that value and grand challenges will emerge from the integration of theories, methods, and techniques brought together in the first volume, but which are now rooted more deeply in service-dominant logic and systems thinking in this second volume. The handbook is divided into four parts: 1) Service Experience--On the Human-centered Nature of Service; 2) Service Systems–On the Nature of Service Interactions; 3) Service Ecosystems–On the Broad Context of Service; 4) Challenges–On Rethinking the Theory and Foundations of Service Science. The chapters add clarity on how to identify, enable, and measure service, thus allowing for new ideas and connections made to physics, design, computer science, and data science and analytics for advancing service innovation and the welfare of society. Handbook of Service Science, Volume II offers a thorough reference suitable for a wide-reaching audience including researchers, practitioners, managers, and students who aspire to learn about or to create a deeper scientific foundation for service design and engineering, service experience and marketing, and service management and innovation.

Download or read book Computational Context written by William F. Lawless and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-12-07 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume addresses context from three comprehensive perspectives: first, its importance, the issues surrounding context, and its value in the laboratory and the field; second, the theory guiding the AI used to model its context; and third, its applications in the field (e.g., decision-making). This breadth poses a challenge. The book analyzes how the environment (context) influences human perception, cognition and action. While current books approach context narrowly, the major contribution of this book is to provide an in-depth review over a broad range of topics for a computational context no matter its breadth. The volume outlines numerous strategies and techniques from world-class scientists who have adapted their research to solve different problems with AI, in difficult environments and complex domains to address the many computational challenges posed by context. Context can be clear, uncertain or an illusion. Clear contexts: A father praising his child; a trip to the post office to buy stamps; a policewoman asking for identification. Uncertain contexts: A sneak attack; a surprise witness in a courtroom; a shout of "Fire! Fire!" Contexts as illusion: Humans fall prey to illusions that machines do not (Adelson’s checkerboard illusion versus a photometer). Determining context is not easy when disagreement exists, interpretations vary, or uncertainty reigns. Physicists like Einstein (relativity), Bekenstein (holographs) and Rovelli (universe) have written that reality is not what we commonly believe. Even outside of awareness, individuals act differently whether alone or in teams. Can computational context with AI adapt to clear and uncertain contexts, to change over time, and to individuals, machines or robots as well as to teams? If a program automatically "knows" the context that improves performance or decisions, does it matter whether context is clear, uncertain or illusory? Written and edited by world class leaders from across the field of autonomous systems research, this volume carefully considers the computational systems being constructed to determine context for individual agents or teams, the challenges they face, and the advances they expect for the science of context.

Download or read book Smart Sensing and Context written by Paul Havinga and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-10-23 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First European Conference on Smart Sensing and Context, EuroSSC 2006, held in Enschede, Netherlands in October 2006. The 15 revised full papers and 14 revised short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from over 50 submissions.

Download or read book Context and Learning written by P. Balsam and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-01-14 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1984. The effects of contextual stimuli on the performance of conditioned behaviors have recently become the object of intense theoretical and empirical scrutiny. This book presents the work of researchers who have attempted to characterize the role of context in learning through direct experimental manipulation of these stimuli. Their work reveals that context has important and systematic effects upon the learning and performance of conditioned responses. The roles played by context are diverse and the problems confronted in attempting to evaluate and differentiate contextual functions are formidable. These considerations are discussed in the introductory chapter. The remaining chapters present an analysis of the role of context in Pavlovian, operant, and discrimination learning paradigms.

Download or read book The Architecture of Context and Context Sensitivity written by Tadeusz Ciecierski and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-25 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume addresses foundational issues of context-dependence and indexicality, which are at the center of the current debate within the philosophy of language. Topics include the scope of context-dependency, the nature of content and the character of input data of cognitive processes relevant for the interpretation of utterances. There's also coverage of the role of beliefs and intentions as contextual factors, as well as the validity of arguments in context-sensitive languages. The contributions consider foundational issues regarding context-sensitivity from three different, yet related, perspectives on the phenomenon of context-dependence: representational, structural, and functional. The contributors not only address the representational, structural and/or functional problems separately but also study their mutual connections, thus furthering the debate and bringing competing approaches closer to unification and consensus. This text appeals to students and researchers within the field. This is a very useful collection of essays devoted to the roles of context in the study of language. Its essays provide a useful overview of the current debates on this topic, and they put forth novel contributions that will undoubtedly be of relevance for the development of all areas in philosophy and linguistics interested in the notion of context. Stefano Predelli Department of Philosophy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK

Download or read book Values and adding value in a global context written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Understanding Context written by Andrew Hinton and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2014-12-02 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To make sense of the world, we’re always trying to place things in context, whether our environment is physical, cultural, or something else altogether. Now that we live among digital, always-networked products, apps, and places, context is more complicated than ever—starting with "where" and "who" we are. This practical, insightful book provides a powerful toolset to help information architects, UX professionals, and web and app designers understand and solve the many challenges of contextual ambiguity in the products and services they create. You’ll discover not only how to design for a given context, but also how design participates in making context. Learn how people perceive context when touching and navigating digital environments See how labels, relationships, and rules work as building blocks for context Find out how to make better sense of cross-channel, multi-device products or services Discover how language creates infrastructure in organizations, software, and the Internet of Things Learn models for figuring out the contextual angles of any user experience

Download or read book Metaphor in Context written by Josef Stern and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2000-11-08 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Josef Stern addresses the question: Given the received conception of the form and goals of semantic theory, does metaphorical interpretation, in whole or part, fall within its scope? The many philosophers, linguists, and cognitive scientists writing on metaphor over the past two decades have generally taken for granted that metaphor lies outside, if not in opposition to, received conceptions of semantics and grammar. Assuming that metaphor cannot be explained by or within semantics, they claim that metaphor has little, if anything, to teach us about semantic theory. In this book Josef Stern challenges these assumptions. He is concerned primarily with the question: Given the received conception of the form and goals of semantic theory, does metaphorical interpretation, in whole or part, fall within its scope? Specifically, he asks, what (if anything) does a speaker-hearer know as part of her semantic competence when she knows the interpretation of a metaphor? According to Stern, the answer to these questions lies in the systematic context-dependence of metaphorical interpretation. Drawing on a deep analogy between demonstratives, indexicals, and metaphors, Stern develops a formal theory of metaphorical meaning that underlies a speaker's ability to interpret a metaphor. With his semantics, he also addresses a variety of philosophical and linguistic issues raised by metaphor. These include the interpretive structure of complex extended metaphors, the cognitive significance of metaphors and their literal paraphrasability, the pictorial character of metaphors, the role of similarity and exemplification in metaphorical interpretation, metaphor-networks, dead metaphors, the relation of metaphors to other figures, and the dependence of metaphors on literal meanings. Unlike most metaphor theorists, however, who take these problems to be sui generis to metaphor, Stern subsumes them under the same rubric as other semantic facts that hold for nonmetaphorical language.

Download or read book Affect Dynamics written by Christian E. Waugh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-27 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book features cutting edge research on the theory and measurement of affect dynamics from the leading experts in this emerging field. Authors will discuss how affect dynamics are instantiated across neural, psychological and behavioral levels of processing and provide state of the art analytical and computational techniques for assessing temporal changes in affective experiences. In the section on Within-episode Affect Dynamics, the authors discuss how single emotional episodes may unfold including the duration of affective responses, the dynamics of regulating those affective responses and how these are instantiated in the brain. In the section on Between-episode Affect Dynamics, the authors discuss how emotions and moods at one point in time may influence subsequent emotions and moods, and the importance of the time-scales on which we assess these dynamics. In the section on Between-person Dynamics the authors propose that interactions and relationships with others form much of the basis of our affect dynamics. Lastly, in the section on Computational Models of Affect, authors provide state of the art analytical techniques for assessing and modeling temporal changes in affective experiences. Affect Dynamics will serve as a reference for both seasoned and beginning affective science researchers to explore affect changes across time, how these affect dynamics occur, and the causal antecedents of these dynamics.

Download or read book Context and the Attitudes written by Mark Richard and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thirteen seminal essays by Mark Richard develop a nuanced account of semantics and propositional attitudes. The collection addresses a range of topics in philosophical semantics and philosophy of mind, and is accompanied by a new Introduction which discusses attitudes realized by dispositions and other non-linguistic cognitive structures.

Download or read book Smart Sensing and Context written by Daniel Roggen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-10-16 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This year marks the third edition of EuroSSC. It builds on the success of the past editions, held in Enschede, The Netherlands in 2006, and in Kendal, UK in 2007. On behalf of the Organizing Committee, we would like to welcome you to EuroSSC 2008, in Zurich, Switerland. This volume contains the invited papers and technical peer-reviewed papers selected for presentation at the conference. At EuroSSC we aim to explore technologies, algorithms, architectures, p- tocols, and user aspects underlying context-aware smart surroundings, coop- ating intelligent objects, and their applications. Since its inception, EuroSSC has taken a complementary technology-driven and user-driven view to discuss these aspects. It is one of the particularities of EuroSSC, and the 2008 edition made no exception. In addition we emphasized aspects related to quality of c- text and context-aware feedback by actuator systems. This re?ects the growing importance that context processing in uncertain environments and sensor and actuator networks take in ambient intelligence environments. We received 70 paper submissions. They originate from 30 countries of - rope, the Middle East and Africa (66%), Asia (22%), North America (9%), and South America (3%). These numbers re?ect the European origins of EuroSSC, but also show that EuroSSC is a recognized and attractive platform for parti- pants from all regions of the world.

Download or read book Context Dependence in the Analysis of Linguistic Meaning written by Hans Kamp and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-10-01 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of papers addresses context-dependence and methods for dealing with it. The book also records comments to the papers and the authors' replies to the comments. In this way, the contributions themselves are contextually dependent. It represents an inquiry into the activities on the semantics side of the pragmatics boundary.

Download or read book Privacy in Context written by Helen Nissenbaum and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2009-11-24 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Privacy is one of the most urgent issues associated with information technology and digital media. This book claims that what people really care about when they complain and protest that privacy has been violated is not the act of sharing information itself—most people understand that this is crucial to social life —but the inappropriate, improper sharing of information. Arguing that privacy concerns should not be limited solely to concern about control over personal information, Helen Nissenbaum counters that information ought to be distributed and protected according to norms governing distinct social contexts—whether it be workplace, health care, schools, or among family and friends. She warns that basic distinctions between public and private, informing many current privacy policies, in fact obscure more than they clarify. In truth, contemporary information systems should alarm us only when they function without regard for social norms and values, and thereby weaken the fabric of social life.

Download or read book Context in Communication A Cognitive View written by Gabriella Airenti and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-04-03 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Context is what contributes to interpret a communicative act beyond the spoken words. It provides information essential to clarify the intentions of a speaker, and thus to identify the actual meaning of an utterance. A large amount of research in Pragmatics has shown how wide-ranging and multifaceted this concept can be. Context spans from the preceding words in a conversation to the general knowledge that the interlocutors supposedly share, from the perceived environment to features and traits that the participants in a dialogue attribute to each other. This last category is also very broad, since it includes mental and emotional states, together with culturally constructed knowledge, such as the reciprocal identification of social roles and positions. The assumption of a cognitive point of view brings to the foreground a number of new questions regarding how information about the context is organized in the mind and how this kind of knowledge is used in specific communicative situations. A related, very important question concerns the role played in this process by theory of mind abilities (ToM), both in typical and atypical populations. In this Research Topic, we bring together articles that address different aspects of context analysis from theoretical and empirical perspectives, integrating knowledge and methods derived from Philosophy of language, Linguistics, Cognitive Science, Cognitive Neuroscience, Developmental and Clinical Psychology.

Download or read book Web Information Systems Engineering written by Armin Haller and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the revised selected papers of the combined workshops on Web Information Systems Engineering, WISE 2011 and WISE 2012, held in Sydney, Australia, in October 2011 and in Paphos, Cyprus, in November 2012. The seven workshops of WISE 2011-2012 have reported the recent developments and advances in the contemporary topics in the related fields of: Advanced Reasoning Technology for e-Science (ART 2012), Cloud-Enabled Business Process Management (CeBPM 2012), Engineering in the Semantic Enterprise (ESE 2012), Social Web Analysis for Trend Detection (SoWeTrend 2012), Big Data and Cloud (BDC 2012), Personalization in Cloud and Service Computing (PC-S 2011), and User-Focused Service Engineering, Consumption and Aggregation (USECA 2011).

Download or read book Context Aware Computing and Self Managing Systems written by Waltenegus Dargie and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-03-25 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bringing together an extensively researched area with an emerging research issue, Context-Aware Computing and Self-Managing Systems presents the core contributions of context-aware computing in the development of self-managing systems, including devices, applications, middleware, and networks. The expert contributors reveal the usefulness of contex