Download or read book Contemporary Mosque Architecture in Egypt and Iran written by Hosam Ali and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: I would like to introduce my research with this quote from Ahmed Hamid's book Hassan Fathy and Continuity in Islamic Art and Architecture: As a student of Architecture at Cairo University's Faculty of Engineering, I was ashamed that we Egyptians and Muslims had nothing in our syllabi that could be considered comparable to the genius of the west. Islamic architecture was omitted from the curriculum as being of no interest value for modern architects. It bothered me when I found that Egyptians believed the image propagated by some orientalists that Islam, and by implication its art and architecture, was backward.1 What is Islamic architecture in the first place? Rabbat summed Grabar's words by stating that "Islamic architecture is the architecture built by Muslims, for Muslims, or in an Islamic country, or in places where Muslims have an opportunity to express their cultural independence in architecture."2 Therefore, no matter what the architecture looks like, no matter what statement it carries, it will still be Islamic as long as it satisfies these. This gives a wide spectrum of options in the design of Islamic architecture. Nevertheless, Islamic architecture is not a separate entity. It is a reflection and a vessel of Islamic culture in the place where it is situated. To trace the influences of Islamic culture on its architecture, it is important to emphasize two factors that regulate all aspects of life for Muslims, including the ways they construct or alter their environment. First, Islam tolerates cultural and aesthetical differences in a multitude of nations. The concept of tolerance is commanded in the Quranic verse 34:27: "We did not send you (Prophet Muhammad) for all mankind except to bring them glad tidings." This means that the message of Islam is the message of acceptance of all the mankind with their differences in mindsets and cultures. When tolerance is applied to architecture it accommodates a cultural variety. Such cultural interactions and influences are evident when comparing Timurid architecture to Mamluk architecture, for example. Second, Islam urges us to respect the environment and be conscientious when altering it. For instance, the Prophet Muhammad used to consult all his fellows - even non-Arabs - when taking a decision on modifying spaces, as in the famous incident of digging trenches around the city following the advice of an Iranian, which was an innovative solution for the Arabs who had not previously known the concept of trenches. Despite such freedom of expression, the mosque remains the pivotal component of both Islamic identity and Islamic architecture. The belief for a Muslim is the core of life; therefore, the mosque becomes the center of their constructed environment. As Saoud (2002) puts it, "The religious beliefs and practices formed the center of cultural life for those populations, thus giving the mosque the central position in spatial and institutional hierarchies."3 From a praying space built adjacent to the Prophet's house from local simple materials, like mud bricks and palm tree trunks, to huge structures with extensive decoration and intricate components 0́2 a mosque is the journey of the Muslim prayer space. "Today, people use a mosque only for the purpose of Ibadah. But we realize that Network of Mosques (NoM) has a great potential to improve social welfare for the society who live around the mosque."4 Hence, studying the mosque is essential to understanding Islamic architecture. Another factor that has determined the face of Islamic architecture - and mosques, in particular - is related to socioeconomic changes in the world. The industrial revolution, modernism and postmodernism played a key role in changing the designs of mosques. This is reflected in the comment that the master jury of Aga Khan Award made about the Niono Mosque in Mali: "Islamic culture has only recently begun to emerge from a past whose aesthetic values were based on craft toward a future whose aesthetic values will surely be based on machine production."5 Islamic architecture comes in an abundance of manifestations. Various cultural and contextual influences on Islamic architecture continue to evolve. Throughout history Islamic architecture adopted the effects of surrounding architecture through adding spaces and elements that fitted the needs of the users. Nowadays, the concept is still the same, but there is more complexity to it, not only in the architecture itself, but also in the perception of architecture. Yet, with the rise of "the international style" and globalization since the mid-twentieth century, Islamic architecture has faced confusing choices for both users and architects posing the following questions. Should architects advocate their attachment to a particular historical period? Conversely, should they move on and adapt contemporary concepts and forms inspired by international architectural movements? Does the vocabulary of the past guarantee authenticity? Does the authenticity of this style of architecture merely depend on its forms and vocabulary? Does authenticity lie in the connection between a style and religious concepts? Many scholars, including Nasser Rabbat and Ali Gabr, tackled these questions studying multiple cases, especially following the debates around modernism, deconstructivism, traditionalism and regionalism since the mid twentieth century. My research will involve a summary of all these theories and their application in contemporary (21st century) Islamic architecture in Egypt and Iran. The purpose of this dissertation is to compare the approaches taken in both countries in designing mosques. My analysis will be based on the socio-political context of architecture, the influences that affected its designs and the lens of the relevant theoretical framework.

Download or read book Architecture of the Contemporary Mosque written by Isma?l Serageldin and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unique appraisal of the architectual developments of the contemporary mosque.

Download or read book The Contemporary Mosque written by Renata Holod and published by Rizzoli International Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This survey of the contemporary scene presents projects ranging from buildings commissioned by wealthy private individuals and local Muslim communities to imposing State Mosques serving as symbols of national prestige. Mosques with strikingly modern designs for which the latest materials and construction techniques have been used contrast with examples in regional architectural styles - notably in Southeast Asia and West Africa - using traditional materials.

Download or read book The Transnational Mosque written by Kishwar Rizvi and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2015-10-08 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kishwar Rizvi, drawing on the multifaceted history of the Middle East, offers a richly illustrated analysis of the role of transnational mosques in the construction of contemporary Muslim identity. As Rizvi explains, transnational mosques are structures built through the support of both government sponsorship, whether in the home country or abroad, and diverse transnational networks. By concentrating on mosques--especially those built at the turn of the twenty-first century--as the epitome of Islamic architecture, Rizvi elucidates their significance as sites for both the validation of religious praxis and the construction of national and religious ideologies. Rizvi delineates the transnational religious, political, economic, and architectural networks supporting mosques in Saudi Arabia, Iran, Turkey, and the United Arab Emirates, as well as in countries within their spheres of influence, such as Pakistan, Syria, and Turkmenistan. She discerns how the buildings feature architectural designs that traverse geographic and temporal distances, gesturing to far-flung places and times for inspiration. Digging deeper, however, Rizvi reveals significant diversity among the mosques--whether in a Wahabi-Sunni kingdom, a Shi&8219;i theocratic government, or a republic balancing secularism and moderate Islam--that repudiates representations of Islam as a monolith. Mosques reveal alliances and contests for influence among multinational corporations, nations, and communities of belief, Rizvi shows, and her work demonstrates how the built environment is a critical resource for understanding culture and politics in the contemporary Middle East and the Islamic world.

Download or read book Islamic Architecture in Iran written by Saeid Khaghani and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2012-07-30 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The architecture of the Islamic world is predominantly considered in terms of a dual division between 'tradition' and 'modernity' - a division which, Saeid Khaghani here argues, has shaped and limited the narrative applied to this architecture. Khaghani introduces and reconsiders the mosques of eighth- to fifteenth-century Iran in terms of poststructural theory and developments in historiography in order to develop a brand new dialectical framework. Using the examples of mosques such as the Friday Mosques in Isfahan and Yazd as well as the Imam mosque in Isfahan, Khaghani presents a new way of thinking about and discussing Islamic architecture, making this valuable reading for all interested in the study of the art, architecture and material culture of the Islamic world.

Download or read book Mosque Architecture A Transdisciplinary Debate written by Mohammed Fekry and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-06-28 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Against a backdrop of environmental and societal concerns, best captured by the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), this book brings together the leading voices on Mosque architecture to make a case for its role as a purveyor of culture, heritage, and sustainability in the modern world. The Mosque, as an institution, continues to serve as the epicenter of spiritual, moral, and cultural life in Muslim societies. Recognizing that the popular understanding of Muslim culture and archetypes is, at best, minimal among the broader public worldwide, this book has two objectives: i.e., (i) to explore Masjid architecture as a carrier of culture, heritage, and the sustainability of Muslim communities; and (ii) to offer a bias-free introduction to the intricacies of Muslim architecture, culture, and heritage today. The papers featured in this collection were presented at the 5th Memaryat International Conference (MIC), held at Effat University, Jeddah. The MIC’s objective is to build bridges between research communities engaged with diverse aspects of science, technology, and innovation, seen as the key levers for attaining the SDGs.

Download or read book Hassan Fathy and Continuity in Islamic Architecture written by Ahmad Hamid and published by American Univ in Cairo Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A thought-provoking and richly illustrated look at tradition and innovation in the work of the world-renowned architect

Download or read book Architecture of the Islamic World written by Ernst J. Grube and published by New York : W. Morrow. This book was released on 1978 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Islamic Art and Architecture 650 1250 written by Richard Ettinghausen and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2003-07-11 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This richly illustrated book provides an unsurpassed overview of Islamic art and architecture from the seventh to the thirteenth centuries, a time of the formation of a new artistic culture and its first, medieval, flowering in the vast area from the Atlantic to India. Inspired by Ettinghausen and Grabar’s original text, this book has been completely rewritten and updated to take into account recent information and methodological advances. The volume focuses special attention on the development of numerous regional centers of art in Spain, North Africa, Egypt, Syria, Anatolia, Iraq, and Yemen, as well as the western and northeastern provinces of Iran. It traces the cultural and artistic evolution of such centers in the seminal early Islamic period and examines the wealth of different ways of creating a beautiful environment. The book approaches the arts with new classifications of architecture and architectural decoration, the art of the object, and the art of the book. With many new illustrations, often in color, this volume broadens the picture of Islamic artistic production and discusses objects in a wide range of media, including textiles, ceramics, metal, and wood. The book incorporates extensive accounts of the cultural contexts of the arts and defines the originality of each period. A final chapter explores the impact of Islamic art on the creativity of non-Muslims within the Islamic realm and in areas surrounding the Muslim world.

Download or read book Muslim Religious Architecture 2 Development of Religious Architecture in Later Periods written by Dogan Kuban and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-09-20 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Politics and Identity in Design An Analysis of Two Contemporary Cairene Mosques written by Leena Sadek and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Forging a national identity has been an issue many Islamic nations have undergone and struggled with in the wake of a colonial era long established in the third world. The attempts at achieving such a goal have been varied, with many seeking to revive their pre-colonial past under new and modern implications. The success of such attempts has not yet yielded a satisfactory template that can be applied without question in one nation, let alone across the Islamic world. Nonetheless, such a quintessential conundrum has not hindered the building program of many nations, who are still striving to achieve their own building style that is a reflection of their history and national identity. Questions of architectural heritage, what aspects of the history held true to the nations’ identity, and which aspects were deliberately to be rejected all held an important role in shaping the end product devised by each nation, and all needed to be digested to fathom the national style they sought so ardently. The mosque in particular emerges as the explicit monument type due to its innately Islamic character. For this reason, this study is concerned with the nature of mosque building in the post-modern globalized commercial city fabric we actively partake in today. To remedy this disconnect and notable gap in their architecture, some nations, such as Turkey, undertook a secular national building program to highlight their modernity. Others took on the task of creating a bridge amongst Islamic nations and establishing communication between them by adopting an architecture that incorporated variant elements from different Islamic cultures, as seen in the Gulf states with their “transnational” mosques, as coined by Kishwar Rizvi. In Egypt, a movement returning to previous eras of glory was attempted with Neo-Mamluk architecture, along with attempts at channeling the long lost Pharaonic heritage, a movement that quickly faded. What, then, does contemporary mosque architecture reflect? What weight does patronage carry in the outcome of the building, and how much does it shape its conception? What of the users and how they participate in this dialogue, if at all? Ultimately, how successful was the mosque in reflecting an Islamic character, as well as being coherent with the nature and aspirations of the society? This thesis will conduct an analysis of two contemporary mosques in Cairo, assessing the impact of Islam on the nature and form of the built environment. The scope of the study of this thesis will be a) the description of two mosques in the area of New Cairo, as it is one of the most rapidly evolving sites of urban landscape in the capital, and b) the analysis of these monuments from the perspectives of the Modernist, Traditionalist, and Regionalist approaches, as well as measuring the buildings’ success with regard to serving the community. This will inevitably lead to the formulation of conclusions pertaining to the questions mentioned above. The selected mosques are chosen based on their representation of each of the two dominant divisions who chiefly sponsor building in Cairo today, namely the state (whether the government division of the Ministry of Interior, or the separate entity of the Military), and the private sector.

Download or read book Islam in the Modern World RLE Politics of Islam written by Denis MacEoin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-07-24 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, events in the Islamic world have captured the attention of the West to an unprecedented degree. However, much of the media coverage of events like the Islamic revolution in Iran has merely reinforced current prejudices and misconceptions about Islam. This collection of essays, by specialists in a variety of disciplines, gives an impressionistic overview of contemporary Islam. Different areas of Islamic life are singled out for special attention; these include the problem of relations between Islam and the West, the role of the Sufi orders and the revival of religious fundamentalism, Islam and the feminine, Islamic economics and Islamic architecture. Geographically, the essays cover a wide area, ranging over Sudan, Turkey, Iran, Egypt and Saudi Arabia. Each discussion should appeal to the layman and specialist alike and collectively they bring together a comprehensive range of material not often covered in one volume. Above all, they cut across the stereotypes of Islam found in the popular media, to reveal facets of a complex, living tradition often unsuspected in the West. First published in 1983.

Download or read book Muhammadan Architecture in Egypt and Palestine written by Martin S. Briggs and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Architecture in Continuity written by Sherban Cantacuzino and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Architecture in Continuity celebrates recent projects throughout the Islamic world that most successfully preserve indigenous forms while providing for the future. It honors the insight, imagination, and skill that brought these projects into physical reality. The Aga Khan Awards Foundation's attention to the extraordinary effort required to develop an architecture both practical and spiritual is dramatically reflected in this volume ... The eleven projects-- found in nine countries from Mali to Pakistan, from Yugoslavia to Malaysia-- range from hotels to mosques, from housing to an impressive air terminal for pilgrims to Mecca ... The introduction and three essays, by distinguished architects and architectural historians, explore the projects in terms of the pressures confronting emerging Muslim countries, the influence of the Western postindustrial world and traditional Muslim forms and values.

Download or read book Muslim Religious Architecture written by Doğan Kuban and published by BRILL. This book was released on 1974 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Mosques of the Near East written by Lamia Doumato and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Formal Structure in Islamic Architecture of Iran and Turkistan written by Klaus Herdeg and published by Rizzoli International Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Like its companion volume about Indian architecture (see NA1501), this volume presents the meticulous work of Herdeg and his students this time illustrating and explicating the great monuments of Islamic architecture in Iran and Tukestan. With some 150 measured drawings and analytical diagrams and 1