Download or read book Constantinople AD 717 18 written by Si Sheppard and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-03-19 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The siege of Constantinople in AD 717–18 was the supreme crisis of Western civilization. The Byzantine Empire had been reeling under the onslaught of Arabic imperialism since the death of the Prophet, whilst Jihadist armies had detached Syria, Palestine, Egypt, and Carthage from imperial control and were in the process of imposing their ascendancy at sea. The Empire had been reduced to its Anatolian and Balkan heartland, and Arab incursions threatened even this – Arab naval forces had appeared under the walls of Constantinople every year from AD 674 to 678. But all this was only a prelude to the massive combined-arms invasion force that advanced on the capital in 717. This title offers a comprehensive study of the ensuing clash between the ascendant Caliphate and the Empire at bay. It details the forces available to each side, with their respective advantages and vulnerabilities, evaluating the leadership qualities of the rival commanders and assessing their strategic and tactical initiatives. It also accounts for the trajectory and outcome of the campaign and emphasises the fundamental significance of the struggle. By holding the line, the Byzantines gave Europe enough time to develop at its own pace and emerge strong enough to face down its Islamic counterpart on equal terms. If Constantinople had fallen in 717, could Europe have endured as an independent entity? Could Christianity have survived as major religion? What would the future course of world history have been?
Download or read book Constantinople AD 717 18 written by Si Sheppard and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-03-19 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The siege of Constantinople in AD 717–18 was the supreme crisis of Western civilization. The Byzantine Empire had been reeling under the onslaught of Arabic imperialism since the death of the Prophet, whilst Jihadist armies had detached Syria, Palestine, Egypt, and Carthage from imperial control and were in the process of imposing their ascendancy at sea. The Empire had been reduced to its Anatolian and Balkan heartland, and Arab incursions threatened even this – Arab naval forces had appeared under the walls of Constantinople every year from AD 674 to 678. But all this was only a prelude to the massive combined-arms invasion force that advanced on the capital in 717. This title offers a comprehensive study of the ensuing clash between the ascendant Caliphate and the Empire at bay. It details the forces available to each side, with their respective advantages and vulnerabilities, evaluating the leadership qualities of the rival commanders and assessing their strategic and tactical initiatives. It also accounts for the trajectory and outcome of the campaign and emphasises the fundamental significance of the struggle. By holding the line, the Byzantines gave Europe enough time to develop at its own pace and emerge strong enough to face down its Islamic counterpart on equal terms. If Constantinople had fallen in 717, could Europe have endured as an independent entity? Could Christianity have survived as major religion? What would the future course of world history have been?
Download or read book Constantinople AD 717 18 written by Si Sheppard and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-03-19 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The siege of Constantinople in AD 717–18 was the supreme crisis of Western civilization. The Byzantine Empire had been reeling under the onslaught of Arabic imperialism since the death of the Prophet, whilst Jihadist armies had detached Syria, Palestine, Egypt, and Carthage from imperial control and were in the process of imposing their ascendancy at sea. The Empire had been reduced to its Anatolian and Balkan heartland, and Arab incursions threatened even this – Arab naval forces had appeared under the walls of Constantinople every year from AD 674 to 678. But all this was only a prelude to the massive combined-arms invasion force that advanced on the capital in 717. This title offers a comprehensive study of the ensuing clash between the ascendant Caliphate and the Empire at bay. It details the forces available to each side, with their respective advantages and vulnerabilities, evaluating the leadership qualities of the rival commanders and assessing their strategic and tactical initiatives. It also accounts for the trajectory and outcome of the campaign and emphasises the fundamental significance of the struggle. By holding the line, the Byzantines gave Europe enough time to develop at its own pace and emerge strong enough to face down its Islamic counterpart on equal terms. If Constantinople had fallen in 717, could Europe have endured as an independent entity? Could Christianity have survived as major religion? What would the future course of world history have been?
Download or read book Dictionary of Wars written by George Childs Kohn and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-31 with total page 713 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dictionary of Wars, highly praised in its first edition (1986), has now been published in a completely revised, updated, and expanded 2nd Edition. The Dictionary provides summaries of all notable wars from earliest recorded history to the present day. It affords the general reader and student with quick, useful, and accurate information - the who, where, when, what, why and how on the more than 1,800 recorded wars in human history from 2000 BC to the present. Completely updated, the Second Edition includes an additional 70 entries - on such major events as the Gulf War, the invasions of Panama and Haiti, and the Bosnian crisis.
Download or read book 100 Greatest Battles written by Angus Konstam and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2023-04-13 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A highly illustrated introduction to some of the greatest battles in world history, from the iconic encounters of the Ancient World such as Thermopylae and Cannae, through to the major clashes of the 20th century epitomized by Stalingrad and Khe Sanh. This concise study by renowned military historian Angus Konstam examines one hundred of the most famous battles from world history. It includes great naval engagements such as Salamis, Trafalgar, Jutland and Midway; pivotal land battles that decided the fate of nations, such as Hastings, Yorktown, Gettysburg and the Somme; and the impact of the new dimension of aerial warfare in the 20th century at Pearl Harbor, in the Battle of Britain and in the skies over Hiroshima. This highly illustrated book features 100 full-colour battlescene artworks from Osprey's comprehensive archive and is the ideal introduction to the battles that changed the course of history.
Download or read book Classica et Mediaevalia vol XLIII written by Henning Goldbæk and published by Museum Tusculanum Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Torben Vestergaard, Mogens Herman Hansen, Lene Rubenstein, Lars Bjertrup & Thomas Heine Nielsen: The Age-structure of Athenian Citizens Commemorated in Sepulchral Inscriptions Jens A. Krasilnikoff: Aegean Mercenaries in the Fourth to Second Centuries BC. A Study in Payment, Plunder and Logistics of Ancient Greek Armies Eberhard Ruschenbusch: Eine Richtigstellung zu V. Gabrielsen, Trierarchic Symmories, C&M XLI (1990) 89-118 Vincent Gabrielsen: Trierarchic Symmories. A Note Vincent Gabrielsen: The Status of Rhodioi in Hellenistic Rhodes Simon Laursen: Theocritus' Hymn to the Dioscuri. Unity and Intention Georg Græsholt: Philo of Alexandria. Some Typical Traits of his Jewish Identity Stig Bergquist: Considerations on Yields, the Distribution of Crops and the Size of Estates. Three Roman Agricultural Units John Barsby: The Stage Movements of 'Demipho' in the Greek Original of Terence Phormio 311ff Eva Maria Lassen: The Ultimate Crime. Parricidium and the Concept of Family in the Late Roman Republic and Early Empire Karin Hult: Marinus the Samaritan. A Study of Damascius Vit.Isid. fr. 141 Michale Whitby: The Era of Philip and the Cronicle of Zuqnin Ole L. Smith: Tricliniana II Panagiotis A. Agapitos: Byzantine Literature and Greek Philologists in the Nineteenth Century Geoffrey Nathan: The Last Emperor. The Fate of Romulus Augustulus Loren J. Samons II: The Vita Liutbirgae Neil Adkin: Alan of Lille on Walter of Châtillion. Anticlaudianus 1, 167-170
Download or read book Icons and Power written by Bissera V. Pentcheva and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2010-11-01 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pentcheva demonstrates that a fundamental shift in the Byzantine cult from relics to icons, took place during the late tenth century. Centered upon fundamental questions of art, religion, and politics, Icons and Power makes a vital contribution to the entire field of medieval studies.
Download or read book The British Colonies written by Robert Montgomery Martin and published by . This book was released on 1850 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book War and Peace in the Law of Islam written by Majid Khadduri and published by The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd.. This book was released on 2006 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Khadduri presents a lucid analysis of classical Islamic doctrine concerning war and peace and its adaptation to modern conditions. Working primarily with original Muslim sources, he examines the nature of the Islamic state, Islamic law and the influence of Western law.Other chapters consider classical Muslim attitudes toward foreign policy, international trade, warfare, treaties and how these have developed during the twentieth century. Majid Khadduri [1909-2007] was a Professor of Middle East Studies at the School of Advanced International Studies of The Johns Hopkins University and Director of Research and Education at the Middle East Institute in Washington, D. C. He was the author of several books in English and Arabic on Middle Eastern affairs. Contents: Fundamental Concepts of Muslim Law I Theory of the State II Nature and Sources of Law III The Muslim Law of Nations The Law of War IV Introduction V The Doctrine of the Jihad VI Types of Jihad VII Military Methods VIII The Initiation of War IX Land Warfare X Maritime Warfare XI Spoils of War XII Termination of Fighting The Law of Peace XIII Introduction XIV Jurisdiction XV Foreigners in Muslim Territory: Harbis and Musta'mins XVI Muslims in Non-Muslim Territory XVII Status of the Dhimmis XVIII Treaties XIX Commercial Relations XX Arbitration XXI Diplomacy XXII Neutrality XXIII Epilogue Glossary of Terms Bibliography Index
Download or read book Siege Warfare and Military Organization in the Successor States 400 800 AD written by Leif Inge Ree Petersen and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2013-09-15 with total page 850 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Siege Warfare and Military Organization in the Successor States is the first study to comprehensively treat an aspect of Byzantine, Western, early Islamic, Slavic and Steppe military history within the framework of common descent from Roman military organization to 800 AD. This not only encompassed the army proper, but also a greater complex of client management, private military retinues, labor obligations and civilian conscription in urban defense that were systematically developed by the Romans around 400, and survived to be adopted and adapted by all successors. The result was a common post-Roman military culture suitable for more restrained economic circumstances but still able to maintain, defend and attack city walls with skills rivalling those of their Roman forebears.
Download or read book Doctrine and Debate in the East Christian World 300 1500 written by Averil Cameron and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-05-15 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reign of Constantine (306-37), the starting point for the series in which this volume appears, saw Christianity begin its journey from being just one of a number of competing cults to being the official religion of the Roman/Byzantine Empire. The involvement of emperors had the, perhaps inevitable, result of a preoccupation with producing, promoting and enforcing a single agreed version of the Christian creed. Under this pressure Christianity in the East fragmented into different sects, disagreeing over the nature of Christ, but also, in some measure, seeking to resist imperial interference and to elaborate Christianities more reflective of and sensitive to local concerns and cultures. This volume presents an introduction to, and a selection of the key studies on, the ways in which and means by which these Eastern Christianities debated with one another and with their competitors: pagans, Jews, Muslims and Latin Christians. It also includes the iconoclast controversy, which divided parts of the East Christian world in the seventh to ninth centuries, and devotes space both to the methodological tools that evolved in the process of debate and the promulgation of doctrine, and to the literary genres through which the debates were expressed.
Download or read book A History of Eastern Europe written by Robert Bideleux and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-09-12 with total page 714 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This welcome second edition of A History of Eastern Europe provides a thematic historical survey of the formative processes of political, social and economic change which have played paramount roles in shaping the evolution and development of the region. Subjects covered include: Eastern Europe in ancient, medieval and early modern times the legacies of Byzantium, the Ottoman Empire and the Habsburg Empire the impact of the region's powerful Russian and Germanic neighbours rival concepts of 'Central' and 'Eastern' Europe the experience and consequences of the two World Wars varieties of fascism in Eastern Europe the impact of Communism from the 1940s to the 1980s post-Communist democratization and marketization the eastward enlargement of the EU. A History of Eastern Europe now includes two new chronologies – one for the Balkans and one for East-Central Europe – and a glossary of key terms and concepts, providing comprehensive coverage of a complex past, from antiquity to the present day.
Download or read book War and Warfare in Late Antiquity 2 vols written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2013-08-19 with total page 1119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of papers, arising from the Late Antique Archaeology conference series, explores war and warfare in Late Antiquity. Papers examine strategy and intelligence, weaponry, literary sources and topography, the West Roman Empire, the East Roman Empire, the Balkans, civil war and Italy.
Download or read book Arab Byzantine Relations in Early Islamic Times written by Michael Bonner and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-08 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Byzantine Empire was the Islamic commonwealth’s first and most stubborn adversary. For many centuries it loomed large in Islamic diplomacy, military operations and commerce, as well as in Islamic representations of the world in general. Moreover, the ways in which early Muslims and Byzantines perceived one another ” both polemically and otherwise ” afterwards proved decisive for the mutual perceptions between the Islamic world and Christian Western Europe. For these and other reasons, Arab-Byzantine relations have been a major concern of modern scholarship on early Islam for well over a century. Arab-Byzantine Relations in Early Islamic Times presents some of the most important of these contributions, organized according to the following themes: war and diplomacy; frontiers and military organization; polemics and images of the 'other'; exchange, influence and convergence; and martyrdom, jihad and holy war. An introductory essay discusses these themes within the contexts of early Islamic society, politics and economy.
Download or read book Byzantine Papers written by Elizabeth Jeffreys and published by BRILL. This book was released on 1981-01-01 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the First Australian Byzantine Studies Conference, Canberra, 17-19 May 1978, edited by Elizabeth and Michael Jeffreys and Ann Moffatt
Download or read book History of the Byzantine Empire from DCCXVI to MLVII written by George Finlay and published by . This book was released on 1856 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Manzikert 1071 written by David Nicolle and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-08-20 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On 26 August 1071 a large Byzantine army under Emperor Romanus IV met the Saljuq Turk forces of Sultan Alp Arslan near the town of Manzikert. The battle ended in a decisive defeat for the Byzantine forces, with the Byzantine emperor captured and much of his fabled Varangian guard killed. This battle is seen as the primary trigger of the Crusades, and as the moment when the power of the East Roman or Byzantine Empire was irreparably broken. The Saljuq victory opened up Anatolia to Turkish-Islamic conquest, which was eventually followed by the establishment of the Ottoman state. Nevertheless the battle itself was the culmination of a Christian Byzantine offensive, intended to strengthen the eastern frontiers of the empire and re-establish Byzantine domination over Armenia and northern Mesopotamia. Turkish Saljuq victory was in no sense inevitable and might, in fact, have come as something of a surprise to those who achieved it. It was not only the battle of Manzikert that had such profound and far-reaching consequences, many of these stemmed from the debilitating Byzantine civil war which followed and was a direct consequence of the defeat.
