Download or read book Conservation Strategies for Eastern Brook Trout Salvelinus Fontinalis Salmonidae written by Michael Brunson and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In an effort to highlight best practices in the management of wild eastern brook trout, an examination was performed of brook trout management plans and stocking habits for seven randomly selected states within the species native range. Additionally, surveys were distributed to these state’s members of Trout Unlimited (TU) in an effort to understand angler motivations, awareness of and attitudes about their state’s stocking practices and protection of wild brook trout fisheries. The states selected were within the eastern brook trout’s native range and included West Virginia, Tennessee, Pennsylvania, Maine, Vermont, Maryland, and North Carolina. While each state differs in its efforts to either restore or protect existing wild brook trout populations, all seven states continue to stock hatchery-raised brook trout to maintain a viable sport fishery. However, regarding stocking dynamics, each state has unique policies regarding where the stocking occurs in relation to how these efforts potentially impacts wild populations. Survey results indicated that, while the majority of TU members expressed a strong understanding of their states stocking practices, they were still strongly interested in gaining additional information, indicating a need for more transparency regarding stocking habits and practices. Furthermore, survey results indicated that a large percentage of TU members still enjoy fishing for popular, nonnative, sport fish such as bass and brown trout. Additionally, support for policies protecting wild brook trout diminished as opportunities for catching larger fish diminished along with the removal of popular, nonnative sport fish. Overall, results indicated a need for fisheries managers to work more closely with cold-water conservation organizations, such as Trout Unlimited, and their members to assist in the crafting of policies that benefit both the sport fishing industry and wild brook trout populations."--leaf 4.

Download or read book Demographic and Habitat Requirements for Conservation of Bull Trout written by Bruce E. Rieman and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Strategies for Conserving Native Salmonid Populations at Risk from Nonnative Fish Invasions written by Kurt D. Fausch and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Native salmonid populations in the inland West are often restricted to small isolated habitats at risk from invasion by nonnative salmonids. However, further isolating these populations using barriers to prevent invasions can increase their extinction risk. This monograph reviews the state of knowledge about this tradeoff between invasion and isolation. We present a conceptual framework to guide analysis, focusing on four main questions concerning conservation value, vulnerability to invasion, persistence given isolation, and priorities when conserving multiple populations. Two examples illustrate use of the framework, and a final section discusses opportunities for making strategic decisions when faced with the invasion-isolation tradeoff.

Download or read book CONSERVATION GENETICS OF SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN BROOK TROUT Salvelinus Fontinalis written by Thomas Casey Weathers and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many range-restricted species, particularly mountaintop species, are often the first groups in which entire species experience extinction due to range contractions and perturbations. Rear-edge, lower latitude, salmonid populations often occupy fragmented habitats and may in turn exhibit more pronounced signatures of isolation than higher latitude conspecifics. Therefore, rear-edge populations present significant conservation challenges to biologists interested in identifying and maintaining ecological and evolutionary processes within and among such populations. Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), the only endemic salmonid to southern Appalachia, are rich in ecologically and evolutionarily interesting traits such as multiple life history forms, broad latitudinal and elevational distribution, and prodigious neutral genetic differentiation. Causes of continual Brook Trout population and range declines include overharvest, acid precipitation, habitat degradation, competition with non-native species, and climate change. Such declines have led to the increased isolation of many populations of Brook Trout. In the absence of gene flow many isolated populations of Brook Trout may exhibit rapid genetic drift or inbreeding, thus resulting in subsequent losses of adaptive potential. Consequently, there is considerable demand for the implementation of restoration programs that maximize population recovery and resilience of wild Brook Trout. As such, resource managers must plan for an evolutionary future for such a trust species. While the current paradigm of conservation places emphasis on recognition and protection of irreplaceable evolutionarily distinct lineages, the precise and accurate delineation of populations must become a priority. Once populations are identified the best strategy for future conservation may be to enhance connectivity via restoration or translocation efforts rather than protecting specific genotypes. Elucidating spatial clusters of Brook Trout is critical to their conservation, particularly regarding unprecedented environmental change. Therefore, I have combined informative microsatellite data with riverscape genetics approaches to assess whether functional (meta)population assemblages exist among rear-edge populations of Brook Trout sampled across southern Appalachia in the following research chapters. My research elucidates the effects of isolation and fragmentation on Brook Trout genetic and phenotypic (i.e., morphometric and meristic) differentiation, whether neighboring populations exhibit enough gene flow to warrant being considered metapopulations, and the effect of potential barriers to gene flow upon subsequent metapopulation dynamics and genetic diversity. My research largely suggests that rear-edge populations of Brook Trout exhibit extensive neutral genetic differences and appear to be prodigiously isolated. My findings provide biologists a reference when setting management and conservation priorities and may foster more aggressive efforts focused on restoring connectivity among many populations of rear-edge Brook Trout. Further, by demarcating population and subpopulation clusters across riverscapes I provide resource managers information needed to enhance future Brook Trout conservation outcomes.I sought to document existing patterns of genetic variation within and among populations of Brook Trout and then translate my results into an approachable format for managers to access for future management and conservation decision making and to further encourage managers to implement population genetic monitoring programs. My work supports that non-native trout removals combined with habitat restorations could improve connectivity and enhance the outlook for many fragmented populations of wild, native brook trout across southern Appalachia. Moreover, it is my hope that the results from these studies can be used by Brook Trout biologists to select local restoration source stocks used to potentially bolster the effectiveness of different conservation strategies (i.e., founder translocations and genetic rescue).

Download or read book Winter Habitats of Atlantic Salmon Brook Trout Brown Trout and Rainbow Trout written by Darryl J. Calkins and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Trout and Salmon of North America written by Robert Behnke and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2010-07-06 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This beautiful and definitive guide brings together the world's lead leading expert on North American trout and salmon, Robert Behnke, and the foremost illustrator in the field, Joseph Tomelleri. North America is graced with the greatest diversity of trout and salmon on earth. From tiny brook trout in mountain streams of the Northeast, to cutthroat trout in the rivers of the Rockies, to Chinook salmon of the Pacific, the continent is home to more than 70 types of trout and salmon. How this came to be, how they are related, and what makes them unique -- and so breathtaking -- is the story of Trout and Salmon of North America. The more than 100 illustrations of trout and salmon by Joseph Tomelleri showcased here exhibit a genius for detail, coloration, and proportion. Each portrait is made from field notes, streamside observations, photographs, and specimens collected by the artist. The result is a set of the most accurate and stunning illustrations of fish ever created. Robert Behnke has distilled 50 years of his research and writing about trout and salmon in completing this book. No one understands better than Behnke the diversity and conservation issues concerning these fishes or communicates so lucidly the biological wonders and complexities of their particular beauty. Also included are more than 40 richly detailed maps that clearly show the ranges of populations of trout and salmon throughout North America. An irresistible delight for anyone who appreciates natural history, Trout and Salmon of North America is a master guide to the natural elegance of our native fishes.

Download or read book Conservation Genetics of Remnant Anadromous Brook Trout Salvelinus Fontinalis Populations at the Southern Limit of Their Distribution written by Brendan J. Annett and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Conservatin Genetics of Brook Trout Salvelinus Fontinalis written by Matthew William Jones and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book General Technical Report RMRS written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 842 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sea Trout written by Graeme Harris and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Brown trout displays widely divergent life history strategies involving, variously, usage of streams, rivers, lakes, estuaries and the sea. The sea trout is the full sea-going form, it is very common and competes with salmon for the position of the most sought after migratory salmonid in many countries. Its use of freshwater, estuaries and coastal waters gives it a unique position as a sentinel species of environmental quality across these habitats. Although a commercially and recreationally important fish species, the management and scientific knowledge about sea trout has often been overshadowed by a focus on the salmon. However the First International Symposium for the Biology, Management and Conservation of Sea Trout sought to address this when a group of world class experts convened to share their research and form the basis for this impressive volume, covering: Stocks and fisheries Genetics and life history Ecology and population dynamics Management of stocks and world fisheries Fisheries scientists and managers, fish biologists, aquatic biologists, ecologists, members of fish and wildlife agencies, government departments and libraries in universities and research establishments where fish and fisheries are studied and taught will find this book a fascinating exploration of the species and a valuable reference tool.

Download or read book Recovery Strategy for the Aurora Trout Salvelinus Fontinalis Timagamiensis in Canada electronic Resource written by Canada. Department of Fisheries and Oceans and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Alternative Liming Strategies for Eastern Brook Trout Salvelinus Fontinalis Recovery in Acidified Streams written by Matthew Gordon and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Potential Inversions And Local Adaptation Among Small Brook Trout Salvelinus Fontinalis Populations written by Caitlin Nemeczek and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chromosomal inversions can play a role in local adaptation as advantageous alleles become linked by supressed recombination in heterokaryotypes. Understanding the role of inversions in adaptation among small, isolated populations is an important addition for robust conservation strategies. As such, we conducted low-coverage whole genome sequencing on N=192 brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) collected from nine small streams in Nova Scotia. Individuals were sequenced at ~3x depth using paired end sequencing on the Illumina NovaSeq and genotype likelihoods calculated with ANGSD. Four potential inversions were discovered only in individuals from western streams that have lower streamflow and higher maximum daily water temperatures. Population genomics methods of LD, admixture and heterozygosity were used to support the detection of potential inversions. Some genes found within these putative inversion regions play a role in biological processes that are linked to thermotolerance and suggest evidence for potential local adaptation.

Download or read book Some Factors Affecting Survival of Young of the year Brook Trout Salvelinus Fontinalis Mitchill in Streams written by William Carl Latta and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Conservation Genetics of Brook Trout salvelimus Fontinalis in Shenandoah National Park written by Alicia Gail Nelson and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book RECREATIONAL FISHERIES written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2018-11-15 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of recreational fisheries is increasing in many transitional economies. These guidelines focus on recreational fisheries and describe strategies to promote environmentally sustainable and socially responsible management of such fisheries. To this end, the document details policy, managerial and behavioural recommendations for sustainable recreational fisheries.

Download or read book THE SIGNIFICANCE OF INTRASPECIFIC DIVERSITY FOR THE CONSERVATION OF AN IMPERILED FISH SPECIES written by Shannon L White and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improved understanding of eco-evolutionary dynamics can help predict species response to current and future disturbance and aid in the development of more effective conservation strategies. However, incorporating eco-evolutionary dynamics into our understanding of species ecology is complicated by the need to unite individual molecular and behavioral ecology with population vital rates, and understand how those relationships interact with both fine- and broad-scale habitat features. These cross-scale interactions among biotic and abiotic features are critical for explaining patterns in population demography and predicting future evolutionary trajectories; however, they are often overlooked when conducting population-level analyses because individual variation is presumed to represent random variance around a mean population-level response. My dissertation sought to understand how individual variation in habitat use and phenotypic and genotypic diversity influence population demography and evolutionary potential in brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). Brook trout is a species of concern throughout their native range in the eastern United States. Climate change, habitat loss, and competition with nonnative species are the leading causes of brook trout populations declines, and many state and federal organizations prioritize brook trout restoration and conservation initiatives. However, the efficacy of present-day management objectives, which largely focus on increasing population size and habitat availability, will continue to decline as climate change outpaces restoration efforts. Accordingly, management must become more forward-thinking and include the identification and conservation of the fine-scale properties that naturally increase population resiliency and promote future adaptive capacity. In my first chapter I developed a novel framework for the analysis of riverscape genetics and apply this framework to understand population connectivity in brook trout in the Loyalsock Creek watershed, Pennsylvania. Population isolation is associated with low genetic diversity, reduced resiliency to disturbance, and overall higher probabilities of local expiration. Accordingly, understanding how environmental covariates influence migration and gene flow herein riverscape genetics is critical for identifying movement corridors and maintaining population connectivity. Quantitative methods commonly used for the analysis of riverscape genetics are unable to quantify bidirectional gene flow or account for the spatial autocorrelation structure in stream networks which can lead to incorrect conclusions about how riverscape covariates influence gene flow. I presented a novel bidirectional gene flow in riverscapes (BGFR) model that addresses these issues by using principles of isolation-by-resistance to quantify the effects of environmental covariates on genetic connectivity, with spatial covariance defined using simultaneous autoregressive models on a spatially structured ecological network and the generalized Wishart distribution to model pairwise distance matrices arising through a random walk model of gene flow. Using the BGFR model, I determined that temporally stochastic habitats, including the mainstem river and seasonally intermittent stream channels, influence gene flow for brook trout in the Loyalsock Creek watershed. This finding has significant potential to inform brook trout management, as climate change and future anthropogenic disturbance are expected to influence stream flow hydrology which could result in decreased gene flow and increased rates of population isolation.My second chapter further explored concepts in riverscape genetics to investigate the potential negative consequences that can arise when there are unrecognized patterns of connectivity. For this chapter, I implemented a novel quantitative method for estimating introgression between wild and hatchery-stocked brook trout in Loyalsock Creek. Hatchery stocking is an important management tool that increases recreational opportunities and reduces angling pressure on wild populations. However, interbreeding among wild and hatchery fish can reduce wild population fitness and survival by introducing genotypes that are maladapted to the wild environment. I determined that hatchery-wild introgression in Loyalsock creek brook trout was minimal; however, I also found that introgression was occurring at sites that are several kilometers from the nearest source of stocked fish. This suggests that hatchery stocking may currently have a minimal effect on wild brook trout in Loyalsock Creek, but that movement of hatchery fish through the mainstem may have unintended and undesirable effects on wild populations. My third chapter combined concepts in habitat connectivity with fish behavior to explore individual variation in thermal refuge use during periods of stream temperature rise. Areas of thermal refugia are common in mountain streams and occupancy of refugia by obligate coldwater species is associated with increased population survival, genetic diversity, and reproduction. However, the long-term conservation potential of thermal refugia is unclear, as studies have consistently shown high immigration into and emigration out of thermal refugia suggesting the population-level effects may be minimal. Within an experimental stream, I investigated thermal and forage habitat use in brook trout during periods of thermal stress. I determined that larger fish became more restricted to areas of thermal refugia and decreased agonistic activity when ambient temperatures approached the species critical thermal maximum. However, even at thermally stressful temperatures, all fish still vacated the area of thermal refuge and spent extended time foraging. This finding suggests that individuals frequently leave thermal refugia to seek additional resources, and that the location of a refuge within the larger habitat mosaic may regulate the ability of the refuge to increase population survival during periods of thermal stress. It also suggests that larger individuals may be the most susceptible to the negative consequences of stream temperature rise, possibly due to increased metabolic rates at higher temperatures. My fourth chapter focused on individual response to disturbance and investigates the influence of personality on spatial learning ability. While the prevalence of individual behavioral phenotypes herein personality has been well documented in the literature, the ecological significance of personality has been underexplored. In this chapter, I showed that fish with bolder personality types have reduced spatial learning capacity in a laboratory environment. In particular, I demonstrated that bold individuals were less successful at finding a hidden food source in a maze staged with spatial cues. This finding suggests that personality may modulate how individuals respond to environmental stochasticity, with some being more prone to move to new locations following a disturbance and others more likely to stay in a localized area and use spatial cues to adopt new strategies for microhabitat use. Understanding and predicting adaptive capacity requires a better understanding of individual-level properties and phenotype-by-environment interactions that contribute to eco-evolutionary dynamics. I provided quantitative tools that can be used to help understand patterns of population connectivity, which can be informative for understanding population vulnerability and predicting the radiation of adaptive regions of the genome. I also highlighted the significance of individual-level phenotypic diversity when predicting how populations will respond to future disturbance and the importance of considering interspecific diversity in conservation actions.