Download or read book Consequences of Enriching European Beech Forests with Non native Douglas Fir for Generalist Arthropod Predator Diversity Abundance and Pest Control written by Dragan Matevski and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As anthropogenic climate induced stress leads to biodiversity loss and an increase in the frequency and severity of pest outbreaks, forest management in Central Europe is looking for ways to balance demands of biodiversity conservation and economic utility. To fulfil these demands Central European forestry is shifting from monoculture plantations to mixtures with phylogenetically distant deciduous and coniferous tree species which have been show to promote biodiversity and top-down control. Furthermore, the utilization of non-native Douglas fir, which combines climate change adaptability an...
Download or read book Causes and Consequences of Species Diversity in Forest Ecosystems written by Aaron M. Ellison and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-07-30 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue Causes and Consequences of Species Diversity in Forest Ecosystems that was published in Forests
Download or read book Invasive Species in Forests and Rangelands of the United States written by Therese M. Poland and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-01 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book describes the serious threat of invasive species to native ecosystems. Invasive species have caused and will continue to cause enormous ecological and economic damage with ever increasing world trade. This multi-disciplinary book, written by over 100 national experts, presents the latest research on a wide range of natural science and social science fields that explore the ecology, impacts, and practical tools for management of invasive species. It covers species of all taxonomic groups from insects and pathogens, to plants, vertebrates, and aquatic organisms that impact a diversity of habitats in forests, rangelands and grasslands of the United States. It is well-illustrated, provides summaries of the most important invasive species and issues impacting all regions of the country, and includes a comprehensive primary reference list for each topic. This scientific synthesis provides the cultural, economic, scientific and social context for addressing environmental challenges posed by invasive species and will be a valuable resource for scholars, policy makers, natural resource managers and practitioners.
Download or read book Edge Effects of Clearcut Harvesting on Ground Arthropod Species Composition and Predator Community Structure in Old growth Douglas fir Forests written by Timothy Theron Work and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edge effects resulting from forest fragmentation are likely to alter the distributions and interactions of resident species. I evaluated changes in species composition, species turnover, and relative abundance of ground arthropods across replicated transects extending from regenerating clearcuts into old-growth Douglas-fir forests. Arthropods were collected from 3-August to 14-September in 1997 and 23-May 1998 to 31-July 1998 using pitfall traps. Pitfall traps were positioned at 75 m (in the clearcut), -25, 0 (forest edge), 50, 100 and 200 m into the forest in 1997. In 1998, traps were repositioned at 25, 0, 25, 50,lOO, and 200 m into the forest. Changes in species composition and relative abundance were compared using non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination. Two-hundred, five species representing 24,178 individuals were collected. Edge effects on species composition and relative abundance were apparent up to 100 m into old-growth forests. Species were characterized as edge-phobic (interior forest associates), edge-philic, edge-insensitive or as edge-input (clearcut associates). The majority of species were characterized as either edge-phobic or edge-input species. Seasonal patterns in activity are also reported. To further address the impacts of edges on community structure, changes in species abundance of predator taxa across the edge-forest gradient were compared to four models of resource partitioning. Observed patterns of species abundance did not differ across the edge-forest gradients and were consistent with a model of random assortment (or non-equilibrium) where an individual predator species utilizes resources independently of other predators. This pattern was consistent whether species abundance was expressed as numerical abundance or biomass. This study suggests that edge effects resulting from forest fragmentation alter species composition and may negatively affect interior forest species. Furthermore, although species composition changes across forest edges, this study suggests that resource partitioning by a trophic group such as predators remains unaffected by forest edges.
Download or read book Multitrophic Impacts of an Emerging Invasive Plant written by Elizabeth J. Roberson and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The invasion of novel habitats by non-native plant species is a worldwide problem with serious economical and ecological implications. Broad biotic and abiotic filters contribute to the overall invasibility of non-native species. Invasive plants have the ability to rapidly establish themselves and outcompete their native counterparts as result of their relationship with herbivorous arthropods. Because invasive plants displace native plants, reduce overall plant diversity, and alter vegetation structure, this can have cascading effects on insect herbivores, particularly those that rely on one or a few food plants, and arthropod predators. The genus Euonymus (Celastraceae) is comprised of 130 species. Euonymus alatus (burning bush) and Euonymus europaeus (spindle tree) are two non-natives that have been introduced to North American. Although these species are recognized as invasive in portions of the United States, very little is known about their invasion status, relationship with native herbivores, or community impacts. We sought to fill these gaps with a particular focus on burning bush. We first investigated the distribution of burning bush in Ohio and biotic and abiotic factors that contribute to its success through a citizen science self-reporting protocol. We then examined the relationship of burning bush and spindle tree to herbivorous arthropods through examining field herbivory, success in no-choice bioassays, and analysis of chemical defenses. Finally, we examined the cascading impacts of burning bush and overabundant deer on environmental characteristics and arthropod communities. Euonymus alatus was present across Ohio but more likely to be successful in locations with greater disturbance and resources. Burning bush and spindle tree are likely experiencing enemy release as both receive significantly less herbivory than a native congener. While both burning bush and spindle tree contained elevated levels of secondary metabolites, a generalist herbivore was able to use spindle tree as a host in no-choice bioassays, suggesting that spindle tree could be evading herbivory through unsuccessful host finding, and both could have novel weapons. Burning bush significantly changed arthropod community composition through alterations in environmental characteristics, and the introduction of white-tailed deer into these interactions more often than not, further intensified these alterations.
Download or read book Ecosystem Goods and Services from Plantation Forests written by Jürgen Bauhus and published by Earthscan. This book was released on 2010 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plantation forests often have a negative image. They are typically assumed to be poor substitutes for natural forests, particularly in terms of biodiversity conservation, carbon storage, provision of clean drinking water and other non-timber goods and services. Often they are monocultures that do not appear to invite people for recreation and other direct uses. Yet as this book clearly shows, they can play a vital role in the provision of ecosystem services, when compared to agriculture and other forms of land use or when natural forests have been degraded. This is the first book to examine explicitly the non-timber goods and services provided by plantation forests, including soil, water and biodiversity conservation, as well as carbon sequestration and the provision of local livelihoods. The authors show that, if we require a higher provision of ecosystem goods and services from both temperate and tropical plantations, new approaches to their management are required. These include policies, methods for valuing the services, the practices of small landholders, landscape approaches to optimise delivery of goods and services, and technical issues about how to achieve suitable solutions at the scale of forest stands. While providing original theoretical insights, the book also gives guidance for plantation managers, policy-makers, conservation practitioners and community advocates, who seek to promote or strengthen the multiple-use of forest plantations for improved benefits for society. Published with CIFOR
Download or read book THE STATE OF THE WORLD s FOREST GENETIC RESOURCES written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2018-05-25 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The publication was prepared based on information provided by 86 countries, outcomes from regional and subregional consultations and commissioned thematic studies. It includes: •an overview of definitions and concepts related to Forest Genetic Resources (FGR) and a review of their value; •a description of the main drivers of changes; •the presentation of key emerging technologies; •an analysis of the current status of FGR conservation, use and related developments; •recommendations addressing the challenges and needs. By the FAO Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture.
Download or read book Biodiversity and Coarse Woody Debris in Southern Forests written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1996 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecology written by Charles J. Krebs and published by Benjamin-Cummings Publishing Company. This book was released on 2001 with total page 695 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This best-selling majors ecology book continues to present ecology as a series of problems for readers to critically analyze. No other text presents analytical, quantitative, and statistical ecological information in an equally accessible style. Reflecting the way ecologists actually practice, the book emphasizes the role of experiments in testing ecological ideas and discusses many contemporary and controversial problems related to distribution and abundance. Throughout the book, Krebs thoroughly explains the application of mathematical concepts in ecology while reinforcing these concepts with research references, examples, and interesting end-of-chapter review questions. Thoroughly updated with new examples and references, the book now features a new full-color design and is accompanied by an art CD-ROM for instructors. The field package also includes The Ecology Action Guide, a guide that encourages readers to be environmentally responsible citizens, and a subscription to The Ecology Place (www.ecologyplace.com), a web site and CD-ROM that enables users to become virtual field ecologists by performing experiments such as estimating the number of mice on an imaginary island or restoring prairie land in Iowa. For college instructors and students.
Download or read book Planted Forests Contributions to the Quest for Sustainable Societies written by James Reid Boyle and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999-07-31 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume, international experts describe biological, ecological, economic and social aspects of planted forests. Representative types of planted forests are described and discussed, technical and social aspects are considered, and case studies depict the variety of purposes and uses of planted forests. Authors discuss the nature of planted forests of representative species world-wide, basic biology and ecology of plantations, and economic and social considerations in landscapes where planted forests contribute to potentially sustainable societies. The authors represent temperate and tropical forests, developed and developing nations, and all levels of intensity of planting and managing forest trees. This compilation of views and viewpoints about planted forests provides a fresh, broad outlook on trees planted for myriad purposes. Forest scientists and managers, policy experts, development officials and interested citizens will find information of value and stimuli for thinking about forestsof the future.
Download or read book A Planner s Guide for Oak Woodlands written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bats in the Anthropocene Conservation of Bats in a Changing World written by Christian C. Voigt and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-07 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on central themes related to the conservation of bats. It details their response to land-use change and management practices, intensified urbanization and roost disturbance and loss. Increasing interactions between humans and bats as a result of hunting, disease relationships, occupation of human dwellings, and conflict over fruit crops are explored in depth. Finally, contributors highlight the roles that taxonomy, conservation networks and conservation psychology have to play in conserving this imperilled but vital taxon. With over 1300 species, bats are the second largest order of mammals, yet as the Anthropocene dawns, bat populations around the world are in decline. Greater understanding of the anthropogenic drivers of this decline and exploration of possible mitigation measures are urgently needed if we are to retain global bat diversity in the coming decades. This book brings together teams of international experts to provide a global review of current understanding and recommend directions for future research and mitigation.
Download or read book Conservation Biology for All written by Navjot S. Sodhi and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2010-01-08 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conservation Biology for All provides cutting-edge but basic conservation science to a global readership. A series of authoritative chapters have been written by the top names in conservation biology with the principal aim of disseminating cutting-edge conservation knowledge as widely as possible. Important topics such as balancing conversion and human needs, climate change, conservation planning, designing and analyzing conservation research, ecosystem services, endangered species management, extinctions, fire, habitat loss, and invasive species are covered. Numerous textboxes describing additional relevant material or case studies are also included. The global biodiversity crisis is now unstoppable; what can be saved in the developing world will require an educated constituency in both the developing and developed world. Habitat loss is particularly acute in developing countries, which is of special concern because it tends to be these locations where the greatest species diversity and richest centres of endemism are to be found. Sadly, developing world conservation scientists have found it difficult to access an authoritative textbook, which is particularly ironic since it is these countries where the potential benefits of knowledge application are greatest. There is now an urgent need to educate the next generation of scientists in developing countries, so that they are in a better position to protect their natural resources.
Download or read book Alien Terrestrial Arthropods of Europe written by Alain Roques and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Canopy Arthropods written by Nigel E. Stork and published by Springer. This book was released on 1997 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As forests are cut down, altered and fragmented, the communities of organisms associated with them are also affected. Predictions of global species extinction rates based on forest loss range 1% to 10% each decade. Because arthropods comprise the largest component of animal species richness, it is inevitable that many arthropod species will become extinct. Millions of these species are thought to live in the forest canopy. During the last twenty years recognition of the importance of canopy arthropods to global biodiversity and the crucial roles arthropods play in forests has led to a revolution in the study and understanding of the arthropod community structure in the forest canopy. Recent advances have been greatly aided by the development of improved sampling techniques and new methods of access to the forest canopy. Canopy Arthropods brings together for the first time a wide range of the most recent studies of arthropods living in forest canopies and comes from a truly international team of contributors.
Download or read book Ecological Basis of Agroforestry written by Daizy Rani Batish and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-11-15 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Faced with the growing problems of climate change, ecosystem degradation, declining agricultural productivity, and uncertain food security, modern agricultural scientists look for potential relief in an ancient practice. Agroforestry, if properly designed, can mitigate greenhouse effects, maintain ecosystem health and biodiversity, provide food sec
Download or read book The Herbaceous Layer in Forests of Eastern North America written by Frank Gilliam and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014-04 with total page 689 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most comprehensive existing volume of multidisciplinary research by top ecologists on the herbaceous layer of forests.
