Download or read book Political Conditionality written by Georg Sorensen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-05 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Political conditionality involves the linking of development aid to certain standards of observance of human rights and (liberal) democracy in recipient countries. Although this may seem to be an innocent policy, it has the potential to bring about a dramatic change in the basic principles of the international system: putting human rights first means putting respect for individuals and rights before respect for the sovereignty of states.

Download or read book Aid and Political Conditionality written by Olav Stokke and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-04-03 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foreign aid has increasingly become subject to political conditionality. In the 1980s some institutions made aid dependent upon the recipient countries' economic policy reforms. Market liberalisation was the primary instrument and objective. In the 1990s such conditionality was brought one step further; aid was now linked to political reforms, affecting recipient countries' governing systems, requiring democracy, human rights and 'good governance'. This volume looks at these developments and considers the conditionality policies of several European aid donors. Such policies are also considered from recipient perspectives, both from the Third World and Russia, and the issue is also considered from a historical perspective.

Download or read book IMF Conditionality written by John Williamson and published by MIT Press (MA). This book was released on 1983 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The twenty-one contributions in this book assess the controversy surrounding the Fund and provide judgments about the criteria for Fund lending which should help readers understand and analyze both its ongoing role in smoothing adjustment to international payments imbalances and its currently critical position in responding to the debt crisis.

Download or read book The EU s Approach to Human Rights Conditionality in Practice written by Elena Fierro and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-10-18 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human rights in the external relations of the EU may manifest itself in different manners; one of them is the conditionality policy that the EU applies to third countries. This study intends to explore the modalities of this conditionality policy, as well as its nature and reach. It also analyzes how the policy could be improved and be made more coherent and effective. The point of departure is the division made between two modes of conditionality: ex ante and ex post. In the first case the EU issues conditions, which must be fulfilled before the negotiation or conclusion of a given agreement or an action with a view to strengthening the relations. The second case, conditionality ex post , is when conditions are allready part of an agreement or an established relation. The so-called human rights clause, or democratic clause, incarnates the second modality. This study explores both types of conditionality, but puts a special emphasis on the second, given its legal nature, its reciprocity, and its systematic inclusion in all framework agreements. It is argued here that this clause could represent the basis of a fully-fledged human rights policy of EU. At present, however, the implementation of the clause has been fragmentary. The interpretation that has prevailed (the human rights clause being a mechanism of exclusively punitive nature), has constituted an obstacle for its implementation. In addition, the clause has been activated only as a response to breaches of democratic principles (and not human rights) in the ACP countries ( and not other regions). The human rights clause has been the victim of the 'sectorial approaches' where policy choices were determined by the instrument at issue. It is about time for the EU to revisit the interpretation of the clause in order to make of it a dynamic instrument, integrated in a global and coherent external human rights policy.

Download or read book Money Talks written by Erica R. Gould and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: analyzes the changes in conditions placed on International Monetary Fund loans to states over the last fifty years and argues that the changes can be explained by shifts in the sources of the IMF's funding.

Download or read book International Socialization in Europe written by F. Schimmelfennig and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-09-04 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the end of the Cold War, the Western international community embarked on a large-scale project of promoting democratic change and consolidation in Eastern Europe. This book explains its mixed results. It examines the strategies of European organizations and the conditions of their success and failure.

Download or read book Development Centre Studies Policy Ownership and Aid Conditionality in the Light of the Financial Crisis A Critical Review written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2009-08-26 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study evaluates controversies that persist with respect to aid conditionality, how successful donors have been in stemming aid conditionality, and how the financial crisis has made it difficult to maintain traditional conditionality frameworks.

Download or read book Democracy in Turkey written by Ali Resul Usul and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-09-13 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the impact of European political conditionality on the process of democratization in Turkey over a twenty year period. Employing theoretical and conceptual approaches to the issue of EU conditionality, the author compares the case of Turkey to that of other European nations. Arguing that Turkey became vulnerable to the European conditionality when it applied for membership in 1987, he shows how the political reforms demanded of Turkey were not fully carried out as the EU had not in essence accepted Turkey as an official candidate during this period. The EU has started to exert real ‘active leverage’ since Turkey was declared an official candidate in 1999, and the author explores how these conditions have exerted a positive influence on democratic consolidation in Turkey. However, its effectiveness in this regard has diminished to a significant extent due to a number of problems that have continued to remain central in EU-Turkey relations. This comprehensive analysis of Turkey-EU political relations and democratization places the case of Turkey within an international context. As such, it will be of interest not only to those studying Turkish politics, government and democracy, but anyone working in the area of international relations and the EU.

Download or read book Conditionality the EU and Turkey written by Rahime Süleymanoğlu-Kürüm and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-08-16 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Turkey has been a critical case to study to assess the impact of EU conditionality on non-member states, but has lost its visibility following the debates on the detachment of Turkey from the EU gradually since 2005. This book studies Turkey–EU relations in the area of foreign policy from 1987 when Turkey applied for full membership and expanding to the present-day retrenchment of Turkey from the EU. It provides a unique perspective in looking to explain the entirety of the EU–Turkey relations during this period, covering both transformation and retrenchment of Turkish foreign policy from the EU requirements. The book further illustrates that the conditionality mechanism is still relevant to study EU–Turkey relations, and when applied systematically, can map both attachment and detachment from the EU. It is also critical to understand how Turkey has distanced itself from the EU gradually and incrementally. This book is of key interest to scholars and students of EU foreign policy, Turkish foreign policy, conditionality, foreign policy analysis, Turkish–EU relations, the ENP and more broadly to international relations.

Download or read book Foreign Aid and Political Reform written by G. Crawford and published by Springer. This book was released on 2000-12-06 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The linkage of development aid to the promotion of human rights, democracy and good governance was a striking departure in the post-cold war foreign policies of Northern 'donor' governments. Uniquely, this book provides a systematic and comparative investigation of policies and practices in the 1990s to promote political reform in Southern 'recipient' countries by four donors, the governments of Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States, plus the European Union. The use of both carrot and stick, that is democracy assistance and aid sanctions, is examined and sharp criticism of current practice offered.

Download or read book International Organizations and Internal Conditionality written by R. Fawn and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-11-12 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores how norms-based international organizations, namely the Council of Europe and the OSCE, are still able to win in world politics. Fawn uses the concept of internal conditionality to explain how these organizations have been able to respond to members with a lack of material incentives or instruments of coercion.

Download or read book Conditionality Revisited written by Stefan Koeberle and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation This book brings together different perspectives on the role of conditionality, drawing on the experiences and lessons learned by the donor community, NGO critics and academic circles, and the borrowing countries, and provides a board overview of contemporary approaches to conditionality in today's aid architecture.

Download or read book Welfare Conditionality written by Beth Watts and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-05-15 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Welfare conditionality has become an idea of global significance in recent years. A ‘hot topic’ in North America, Australia, and across Europe, it has been linked to austerity politics, and the rise of foodbanks and destitution. In the Global South, where publicly funded welfare protection systems are often absent, conditional approaches have become a key tool employed by organisations pursuing human development goals. The essence of welfare conditionality lies in requirements for people to behave in prescribed ways in order to access cash benefits or other welfare support. These conditions are typically enforced through benefit ‘sanctions’ of various kinds, reflecting a new vision of ‘welfare’, focused more on promoting ‘pro-social’ behaviour than on protecting people against classic ‘social risks’ like unemployment. This new book in Routledge’s Key Ideas series charts the rise of behavioural conditionality in welfare systems across the globe, its appeal to politicians of Right and Left, and its application to a growing range of social problems. Crucially it explores why, in the context of widespread use of conditional approaches as well as apparently strong public support, both the efficacy and the ethics of welfare conditionality remain so controversial. As such, Welfare Conditionality is essential reading for students, researchers, and commentators in social and public policy, as well as those designing and implementing welfare policies.

Download or read book Conditionality and the Ambitions of Governance written by Joel T. Shelton and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-18 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shelton investigates the conditionality regime directed at 'transforming societies' inside EU candidate states. He offers a new understanding of conditionality that incorporates the social and subjective dimensions of the 'European project', locating the ambitions and limits of conditionality in the ideas of political economy.

Download or read book Politics and Institutions in an Integrated Europe written by Barry Eichengreen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume, a group of distinguished economists, political scientists, and sociologists analyze the political economy of European integration. The authors evaluate recent developments in European politics and institutions. They consider the current situation and prospects for the future of an integrated Europe. This book will be of great interest to observers, scholars, and students of European economic and political affairs, macroeconomic policy, institutional analysis, and comparative and international political economy. The book is unique in combining perspectives from economics and political science and provides in-depth analysis of the new European institutions. It is published in conjunction with "Monetary and Fiscal Policy in an Integrated Europe" by the same editors.

Download or read book Reputation Debt and Policy Conditionality written by Mr.Rodney Ramcharan and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2003-09-01 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In principle, international financial institutions (IFIs) can use their leverage as creditors to prompt governments to undertake policy reform. Yet such lending has been frequently linked to unsustainable debt levels and little reform. This paper illustrates how the dual roles of IFIs as purveyors of credit and monitors of reform may help explain these negative outcomes. When debt levels rise, the IFIs reforms goals may become subordinated to its creditor's interest, compromising the enforcement of conditionality. Attracted by this prospect, malevolent governments strategically reform, enhancing their reputation in order to maintain lending and build their debt stock. Once debt levels are sufficiently large, such governments can stop policy reforms, assured that lending will continue.

Download or read book International Influence Beyond Conditionality written by Rachel A. Epstein and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The European Union’s (EU) membership conditionality has been perceived as a highly effective means of influence on non-member states in the run-up to the 2004 and 2007 enlargements. According to the incentive-based explanation that dominates the literature, conditionality has been particularly effective when the EU offered a credible membership incentive and when governments did not consider the domestic costs of compliance threatening to their hold on power. This volume challenges much of the existing work on EU enlargement and postcommunist transition, however, by testing the conditionality thesis in the post-accession setting. Whereas a conditionality hypothesis would predict deteriorating compliance among the newest member states, several contributions here actually find the opposite. Enduring compliance among postcommunist states with the acquis, as well as with less formally institutionalized EU preferences for economic liberalization and minority protection, calls into question the role that conditionality plays in eliciting conformity. Simultaneously, support for the conditionality hypothesis in areas such as political party development and EU relations with Turkey and the western Balkans suggests conditionality’s effects vary across countries and issues. As the first study to systematically examine the relationship between international institutions and postcommunist states after enlargement, this volume provides new insights into how external actors exercise their power in domestic politics. This book was published as a special issue of the Journal of European Public Policy.