Download or read book Concentration and Flux of Trace Metals Carbon nitrogen and Particulate Matter in Marine Snow written by Dale Van Why Hebel and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aggregate Dynamics in the Sea written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Marine Particles written by David C. Hurd and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 1991-01-08 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 63. In the past twenty or so years, there has been an increasing amount of interest in suspended particulates in seawater. This interest has concentrated on defining the distribution and variance of particle mass, composition, and flux. It is now well recognized that biogenic and other particle fluxes in the ocean define the principle mechanisms of non-conservative behavior that influence all reactive material. There is, however, concern that the analytical and sampling variability associated with our methods must be sufficiently within our control in order to discern important temporal and spatial variability of particles and fluxes. A review of papers in the recent literature which deal with analyzing the chemical and physical properties of particles collected by traps, pumps and other samplers, reveals that there is a considerable diversity of approaches and techniques being used by the community of active researchers in this field.
Download or read book Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter written by Dennis A. Hansell and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-10-02 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a complex mixture of molecules found throughout the world's oceans. It plays a key role in the export, distribution, and sequestration of carbon in the oceanic water column, posited to be a source of atmospheric climate regulation. Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter, Second Edition, focuses on the chemical constituents of DOM and its biogeochemical, biological, and ecological significance in the global ocean, and provides a single, unique source for the references, information, and informed judgments of the community of marine biogeochemists. Presented by some of the world's leading scientists, this revised edition reports on the major advances in this area and includes new chapters covering the role of DOM in ancient ocean carbon cycles, the long term stability of marine DOM, the biophysical dynamics of DOM, fluvial DOM qualities and fate, and the Mediterranean Sea. Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter, Second Edition, is an extremely useful resource that helps people interested in the largest pool of active carbon on the planet (DOC) get a firm grounding on the general paradigms and many of the relevant references on this topic. Features up-to-date knowledge of DOM, including five new chapters The only published work to synthesize recent research on dissolved organic carbon in the Mediterranean Sea Includes chapters that address inputs from freshwater terrestrial DOM
Download or read book Scientific Diving Techniques 2nd Edition written by JOHN N. HEINE and published by Best Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-01 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This updated and revised second edition of John Heine's Scientific Diving Techniques covers the details of research methods underwater. Included are general scientific diving guidelines, an overview of aquatic habits and ecosystems, specialized diving equipment and procedures, locating and marking study sites, archaeology, measuring physical and biological factors, underwater experimentation and underwater photographing and videography for the scientist. There are over 500 references to original scientific techniques. Also included are training exercises to aid Diving Safety Officers in training scientific divers.
Download or read book Global Ocean Flux Study written by and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1984 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Particulate Trace Metal Fluxes in the Western Arabian Sea and Their Links to Marine Productivity written by Kelly M. Flannery and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many trace elements (e.g., Zn, Cd, Mo) are essential phytoplankton micronutrients, making them crucial to the marine ecosystem and ultimately the carbon cycle. Because of this association trace metals are also utilized in paleoceanographic studies (e.g., Mo, Cd). However, not much is known about what controls the cycling of these trace metals in seawater. The primary goal of this study was to improve our understanding Ag, Mo and Cd cycling, focusing on the particulate phase, so that we can understand what influences their delivery to the seafloor. The concentrations of trace metals (i.e., Ag, Mo, and Cd) and minor elements (i.e., Al, Ba, Mn, Zn) were measured in sediment trap samples collected at three sites in the western Arabian Sea; two high productivity nearshore sites (MS2 and MS3) and one oligotrophic gyre site (MS5). The concentrations of these metals were converted to fluxes and compared to four commonly utilized productivity proxies; particulate organic carbon (POC), total barium (Ba), opal, and carbonate (CaCO3). Particulate Ag flux increases with increasing trap depth at both MS2 and MS3, but decreased with increasing trap depth at MS5. Ag flux also shows a strong positive correlation with particulate organic carbon (POC), as well as opal and Ba. These data suggest that at the high productivity sites, Ag is accumulates in settling, organic-rich particles. There is no evidence that the intense Oxygen Minimum Zone, which characterizes the Arabian Sea, is influencing Ag accumulation. Nor is Ag simply related to the opal flux, refuting the idea that Ag is delivered to the seafloor by diatom frustules. Instead, dissolved Ag concentrations and POC and/or total particle flux are probably the main controls on particulate Ag formation. Particulate Mo flux also positively correlates well with POC flux, suggesting it might be scavenged onto particulate organic matter. There is also evidence of Mo scavenging by Mn oxyhydroxides in the deep trap. Therefore particulate Mo flux to the seafloor seems to be controlled by both POC flux and Mn oxyhydroxide formation. Particulate Cd is organic, despite the fact that Cd and POC fluxes do not correlate particularly well due to the unusual behavior of POC. In summary, all three of the trace metals studied show evidence of a link to organic carbon flux. Particulate Cd and Mo, as well as Ag at MS5, are found within, or possibly absorbed on to, the organic matter. They are cycled with this organic matter and thus their fluxes decrease with water depth. Very little of these metals will make it to the seafloor in deep ocean. Particulate Ag at the high productivity stations (MS2 and MS3) behaves differently. It is scavenged by sinking organic-rich particles and fluxes increase with water depth. Therefore, large amounts of particulate Ag could reach the seafloor, at least in regions characterized by high productivity.
Download or read book Trace Metals in the Marine Coastal Environment and Their Effect on Nitrogen Recycling written by M. M. J-F. Talbot and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Control and Fate of Atmospheric Trace Metals written by Jozef M. Pacyna and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing production of industrial goods, heat, and energy, as well as traffic, has led to the release of considerable amounts of toxic trace metals to the atmosphere. The result is elevated concentrations of toxic metals in local populations and eco systems. Recently the problem of atmospheric long-range transport of trace metals has also been recognized. Significant amounts of these pollutants are disposed and deposited both on regional and global scales. In the atmosphere they may influence the chemical reactions. Of particular interest is their catalytic effect on the oxidation prosesses taking place in water droplets or on the surface of wet particles (e. g. the oxidation of sulphur dioxide to sulphate), however, the main environmental impact starts when the atmospheric trace metals are deposited on ground and vegetation and subsequently brought into the water circulation. During the later years significant progress has been made in the development of equipment to reduce and control the atmospheric emissions of toxic trace metals. This particularly applies to electrostatic precipitators and wet scrubbers for the collection of fine particles. The main objective of the workshop was to survey present knowledge concerning the sources, atmospheric fluxes, sinks and chemical impact of the atmospheric trace metals, and to review the developments of emission control equipment and the perspectives to reduce the potential risks from toxic metals. During the first two days of the meeting, 15 invited review papers were presented.
Download or read book Trace Metal Distributions in the Southern Ocean written by Bettina M. Löscher and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Oceans and Marine Geochemistry written by H. Elderfield and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-06-20 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Treatise on Geochemistry is the first work providing a comprehensive, integrated summary of the present state of geochemistry. It deals with all the major subjects in the field, ranging from the chemistry of the solar system to environmental geochemistry. The Treatise on Geochemistry has drawn on the expertise of outstanding scientists throughout the world, creating the reference work in geochemistry for the next decade. Each volume consists of fifteen to twenty-five chapters written by recognized authorities in their fields, and chosen by the Volume Editors in consultation with the Executive Editors. Particular emphasis has been placed on integrating the subject matter of the individual chapters and volumes. Elsevier also offers the Treatise on Geochemistry in electronic format via the online platform ScienceDirect, the most comprehensive database of academic research on the Internet today, enhanced by a suite of sophisticated linking, searching and retrieval tools.
Download or read book Ocean Atmosphere Interactions of Gases and Particles written by Peter S. Liss and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-12-18 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The oceans and atmosphere interact through various processes, including the transfer of momentum, heat, gases and particles. In this book leading international experts come together to provide a state-of-the-art account of these exchanges and their role in the Earth-system, with particular focus on gases and particles. Chapters in the book cover: i) the ocean-atmosphere exchange of short-lived trace gases; ii) mechanisms and models of interfacial exchange (including transfer velocity parameterisations); iii) ocean-atmosphere exchange of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide; iv) ocean atmosphere exchange of particles and v) current and future data collection and synthesis efforts. The scope of the book extends to the biogeochemical responses to emitted / deposited material and interactions and feedbacks in the wider Earth-system context. This work constitutes a highly detailed synthesis and reference; of interest to higher-level university students (Masters, PhD) and researchers in ocean-atmosphere interactions and related fields (Earth-system science, marine / atmospheric biogeochemistry / climate). Production of this book was supported and funded by the EU COST Action 735 and coordinated by the International SOLAS (Surface Ocean- Lower Atmosphere Study) project office.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Inland Waters written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-01-13 with total page 2589 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inland aquatic habitats occur world-wide at all scales from marshes, swamps and temporary puddles, to ponds, lakes and inland seas; from streams and creeks to rolling rivers. Vital for biological diversity, ecosystem function and as resources for human life, commerce and leisure, inland waters are a vital component of life on Earth. The Encyclopedia of Inland Waters describes and explains all the basic features of the subject, from water chemistry and physics, to the biology of aquatic creatures and the complex function and balance of aquatic ecosystems of varying size and complexity. Used and abused as an essential resource, it is vital that we understand and manage them as much as we appreciate and enjoy them. This extraordinary reference brings together the very best research to provide the basic and advanced information necessary for scientists to understand these ecosystems – and for water resource managers and consultants to manage and protect them for future generations. Encyclopedic reference to Limnology - a key core subject in ecology taught as a specialist course in universitiesOver 240 topic related articles cover the field Gene Likens is a renowned limnologist and conservationist, Emeritus Director of the Institute of Ecosystems Research, elected member of the American Philosophical Society and recipient of the 2001 National Medal of Science Subject Section Editors and authors include the very best research workers in the field
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 884 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Trace Metals in Sea Water written by C. Wong and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 913 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, rapid scientific advances have been shattering classical concepts of oceanic trace metals concentrations. Most of the data gathered before the mid-1970s have had to be discarded. Possible associations of organic and inorganic ligands with the metals were throwing views of metal speciation into great uncertainty. Biological effects of metals need to be re-examined after recent revelations of unsuspected metal contaminations in methodology. The investigations appear chaotic, yet exciting. It implies that a new order is going to replace the past. Now, an opportunity opens its door to a brave new world for the young generation of scientists to put metal chemistries in the oceans into perspectiveo This N. AoToO. International Conference on "Trace Metals in Sea Water" hoped to catalyze this exciting process of unifying various aspects of trace metals in sea water in future years o The Conference, in the form of an Advanced Research Institute supported by the Scientific Affairs Division of NoAoT. O. supple mented by further assistance of the UoS. Office of Naval "Research, was held at the "Ettore Majorana" Center for Scientific Culture in the medieval town of Erice on the island of Sicily, Italy from March 30 to April 3, 1981. It was the first organized gathering of international scientists in this specialized field. Seventy scientists with various expertise in different aspects of the subject were present: including those from NoAoT. Oo countries (Canada, France, F. R. Germany, Greece, Iceland, Italy, U. K.
Download or read book The Trace Element Geochemistry of Marine Biogenic Particulate Matter written by Robert William Collier and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plankton samples have been carefully collected from a variety of marine environments under the rigorous conditions necessary to prevent contamination for major and trace-chemical analysis. Immediately after collection, the samples were subjected to a series of physical and chemical leaching-decomposition experiments designed to identify the major and trace element composition of particulate carrier phases. Elements examined through some or all of these experiments were: C, N, P, Mg, Ca, Si, Fe, Mn, Ni, Cu, Cd, Al, Ba, and Zn. Emphasis was placed on the identification of trace element/major element ratios in the biogenic materials. The majority of the trace elements in the samples were directly associated with the non-skeletal organic phases of the plankton. These associations included a very labile fraction which was rapidly released into seawater and a more refractory fraction which involved specific metal-organic binding. Calcium carbonate and opal were not significant carriers for any of the trace elements studied. A refractory phase containing Al and Fe in terrigenous ratios was present in all samples, even from the more remote marine locations. The concentration of this carrier phase within the plankton samples varied in proportion to the estimated rate of supply of terrigenous matter and in opposition to the rate of production of the biogenic particulate matter. The aluminosilicates contributed insignificant amounts to the other trace elements studied. A trace concentration of particulate Al was identified which was more labile and associated with the organic fractions of the samples.
Download or read book Marine Geochemistry written by Roy Chester and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-08-24 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine Geochemistry offers a fully comprehensive and integrated treatment of the chemistry of the oceans, their sediments and biota. The first edition of the book received strong critical acclaim and was described as ‘a standard text for years to come.’ This third edition of Marine Geochemistry has been written at a time when the role of the oceans in the Earth System is becoming increasingly apparent. Following the successful format adopted previously, this new edition treats the oceans as a unified entity, and addresses the question ‘how do the oceans work as a chemical system?’ To address this question, the text has been updated to cover recent advances in our understanding of topics such as the carbon chemistry of the oceans, nutrient cycling and its effect on marine chemistry, the acidification of sea water, and the role of the oceans in climate change. In addition, the importance of shelf seas in oceanic cycles has been re-evaluated in the light of new research. Marine Geochemistry offers both undergraduate and graduate students and research workers an integrated approach to one of the most important reservoirs in the Earth System. Additional resources for this book can be found at: www.wiley.com/go/chester/marinegeochemistry.
