Download or read book Computing with Spikes Architecture Properties and Implementation of Emerging Paradigms written by Horacio Rostro-González and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dans cette thèse, nous étudions à un niveau pratique comment nous pouvons réaliser des processus computationnels avec des potentiels d'action (spikes). Nous étudions le problème de la programmation d'un système dynamique modélisé comme un réseau de neurones, et nous considérons des implémentations en software et en hardware. Tout d'abord, nous révisons le modèle de réseau de neurones à temps discret introduit par Soula et al. (2006) et nommé ici BMS. L'intérêt d'utiliser ce modèle est dû à son habileté à reproduire des dynamiques assez riches (voir la section 1.2.4) et aussi permettre d'établir un lien direct entre le potentiel de la membrane et les impulsions de la neurone (spiking activity). En se basant sur une généralisation de ce modèle, nous proposons une méthode afin d'estimer d'une manière efficace les paramètres (les poids synaptiques à différents délais) d'un réseau de neurones à partir de l'observation de sa dynamique (train d'impulsions). L'idée est d'éviter le problème NP-complet qui se pose dès que nous considérons les poids synaptiques et les délais de transmission. Notre méthode permet de définir un système de programmation linéale à partir du modèle BMS et d'effectuer l'estimation des paramètres de manière polynomiale. Ensuite, nous introduisons un mécanisme de réservoir computing (réseau de neurones cachés) afin de faire une estimation plus robuste. Finalement, nous appliquons cette idée à l'implémentation de transformations entrée-sortie, où la méthode est capable d'apprendre les paramètres implicites correspondant à la fonction de transfert. Dans un second temps, nous travaillons au développement d'implémentations numériques permettant de valider nos algorithmes. De plus, nous faisons des contributions au niveau de la programmation de méthodes pour l'analyse de trains d'impulsions et la simulation de réseaux de neurones à impulsion. Nous co-développons une librairie numérique en C++, nommée EnaS et distribuée sous une licence gratuite CeCILL-C. Cette librairie est également compatible avec d'autres simulateurs et peut être utilisée comme un plugin. La dernière partie de la thèse se focalise sur les implémentations en hardware de modèles bio inspirés. Nous faisons le choix de regarder des technologies à bas coût basées sur les FPGA (réseau de portes programmables in situ) et les GPU (processeur graphique). Nous évaluons la réponse des implémentations en hardware des modèles de neurones du type intègre-et-tire quand ils sont soumis aux différents régimes d'activité neuronale. L'implémentation sur le FPGA a été accomplie en faisant une analyse sur la précision et sa performance a été comparée avec celle du GPU.

Download or read book Emerging Computing Paradigms written by Umang Singh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-07-12 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: EMERGING COMPUTING PARADIGMS A holistic overview of major new computing paradigms of the 21st Century In Emerging Computing Paradigms: Principles, Advances and Applications, international scholars offer a compendium of essential knowledge on new promising computing paradigms. The book examines the characteristics and features of emerging computing technologies and provides insight into recent technological developments and their potential real-world applications that promise to shape the future. This book is a useful resource for all those who wish to quickly grasp new concepts of, and insights on, emerging computer paradigms and pursue further research or innovate new novel applications harnessing these concepts. Key Features Presents a comprehensive coverage of new technologies that have the potential to shape the future of our world—quantum computing, computational intelligence, advanced wireless networks and blockchain technology Revisits mainstream ideas now being widely adopted, such as cloud computing, the Internet of Things (IoT) and cybersecurity Offers recommendations and practical insights to assist the readers in the application of these technologies Aimed at IT professionals, educators, researchers, and students, Emerging Computing Paradigms: Principles, Advances and Applications is a comprehensive resource to get ahead of the curve in examining and exploiting emerging new concepts and technologies. Business executives will also find the book valuable and gain an advantage over competitors in harnessing the concepts examined therein.

Download or read book Space Time Computing with Temporal Neural Networks written by James E. Smith and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding and implementing the brain's computational paradigm is the one true grand challenge facing computer researchers. Not only are the brain's computational capabilities far beyond those of conventional computers, its energy efficiency is truly remarkable. This book, written from the perspective of a computer designer and targeted at computer researchers, is intended to give both background and lay out a course of action for studying the brain's computational paradigm. It contains a mix of concepts and ideas drawn from computational neuroscience, combined with those of the author. As background, relevant biological features are described in terms of their computational and communication properties. The brain's neocortex is constructed of massively interconnected neurons that compute and communicate via voltage spikes, and a strong argument can be made that precise spike timing is an essential element of the paradigm. Drawing from the biological features, a mathematics-based computational paradigm is constructed. The key feature is spiking neurons that perform communication and processing in space-time, with emphasis on time. In these paradigms, time is used as a freely available resource for both communication and computation. Neuron models are first discussed in general, and one is chosen for detailed development. Using the model, single-neuron computation is first explored. Neuron inputs are encoded as spike patterns, and the neuron is trained to identify input pattern similarities. Individual neurons are building blocks for constructing larger ensembles, referred to as "columns". These columns are trained in an unsupervised manner and operate collectively to perform the basic cognitive function of pattern clustering. Similar input patterns are mapped to a much smaller set of similar output patterns, thereby dividing the input patterns into identifiable clusters. Larger cognitive systems are formed by combining columns into a hierarchical architecture. These higher level architectures are the subject of ongoing study, and progress to date is described in detail in later chapters. Simulation plays a major role in model development, and the simulation infrastructure developed by the author is described.

Download or read book Organic Computing A Paradigm Shift for Complex Systems written by Christian Müller-Schloer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-04-29 with total page 629 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic Computing has emerged as a challenging vision for future information processing systems. Its basis is the insight that we will increasingly be surrounded by and depend on large collections of autonomous systems, which are equipped with sensors and actuators, aware of their environment, communicating freely, and organising themselves in order to perform actions and services required by the users. These networks of intelligent systems surrounding us open fascinating ap-plication areas and at the same time bear the problem of their controllability. Hence, we have to construct such systems as robust, safe, flexible, and trustworthy as possible. In particular, a strong orientation towards human needs as opposed to a pure implementation of the tech-nologically possible seems absolutely central. The technical systems, which can achieve these goals will have to exhibit life-like or "organic" properties. "Organic Computing Systems" adapt dynamically to their current environmental conditions. In order to cope with unexpected or undesired events they are self-organising, self-configuring, self-optimising, self-healing, self-protecting, self-explaining, and context-aware, while offering complementary interfaces for higher-level directives with respect to the desired behaviour. First steps towards adaptive and self-organising computer systems are being undertaken. Adaptivity, reconfigurability, emergence of new properties, and self-organisation are hot top-ics in a variety of research groups worldwide. This book summarises the results of a 6-year priority research program (SPP) of the German Research Foundation (DFG) addressing these fundamental challenges in the design of Organic Computing systems. It presents and discusses the theoretical foundations of Organic Computing, basic methods and tools, learning techniques used in this context, architectural patterns and many applications. The final outlook shows that in the mean-time Organic Computing ideas have spawned a variety of promising new projects.

Download or read book Software Intensive Systems and New Computing Paradigms written by Martin Wirsing and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-11-06 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents results of three workshops of the InterLink working group, setup by the EU to look at software-intensive systems and novel computing paradigms. It covers ensemble engineering, theory and formal methods, and novel computing paradigms.

Download or read book Cloud Computing written by Rajkumar Buyya and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-12-17 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary purpose of this book is to capture the state-of-the-art in Cloud Computing technologies and applications. The book will also aim to identify potential research directions and technologies that will facilitate creation a global market-place of cloud computing services supporting scientific, industrial, business, and consumer applications. We expect the book to serve as a reference for larger audience such as systems architects, practitioners, developers, new researchers and graduate level students. This area of research is relatively recent, and as such has no existing reference book that addresses it. This book will be a timely contribution to a field that is gaining considerable research interest, momentum, and is expected to be of increasing interest to commercial developers. The book is targeted for professional computer science developers and graduate students especially at Masters level. As Cloud Computing is recognized as one of the top five emerging technologies that will have a major impact on the quality of science and society over the next 20 years, its knowledge will help position our readers at the forefront of the field.

Download or read book Understanding and Bridging the Gap between Neuromorphic Computing and Machine Learning written by Lei Deng and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-05-05 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Quantum Computing written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-04-27 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum mechanics, the subfield of physics that describes the behavior of very small (quantum) particles, provides the basis for a new paradigm of computing. First proposed in the 1980s as a way to improve computational modeling of quantum systems, the field of quantum computing has recently garnered significant attention due to progress in building small-scale devices. However, significant technical advances will be required before a large-scale, practical quantum computer can be achieved. Quantum Computing: Progress and Prospects provides an introduction to the field, including the unique characteristics and constraints of the technology, and assesses the feasibility and implications of creating a functional quantum computer capable of addressing real-world problems. This report considers hardware and software requirements, quantum algorithms, drivers of advances in quantum computing and quantum devices, benchmarks associated with relevant use cases, the time and resources required, and how to assess the probability of success.

Download or read book Software Testing in the Cloud Perspectives on an Emerging Discipline written by Tilley, Scott and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2012-11-30 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, cloud computing has gained a significant amount of attention by providing more flexible ways to store applications remotely. With software testing continuing to be an important part of the software engineering life cycle, the emergence of software testing in the cloud has the potential to change the way software testing is performed. Software Testing in the Cloud: Perspectives on an Emerging Discipline is a comprehensive collection of research by leading experts in the field providing an overview of cloud computing and current issues in software testing and system migration. Deserving the attention of researchers, practitioners, and managers, this book aims to raise awareness about this new field of study.

Download or read book VLSI SoC Design and Engineering of Electronics Systems Based on New Computing Paradigms written by Nicola Bombieri and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-25 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains extended and revised versions of the best papers presented at the 26th IFIP WG 10.5/IEEE International Conference on Very Large Scale Integration, VLSI-SoC 2018, held in Verona, Italy, in October 2018. The 13 full papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from the 27 papers (out of 106 submissions) presented at the conference. The papers discuss the latest academic and industrial results and developments as well as future trends in the field of System-on-Chip (SoC) design, considering the challenges of nano-scale, state-of-the-art and emerging manufacturing technologies. In particular they address cutting-edge research fields like heterogeneous, neuromorphic and brain-inspired, biologically-inspired, approximate computing systems.

Download or read book Computational Intelligence Applications in Modeling and Control written by Ahmad Taher Azar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-26 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of computational intelligence (CI) systems was inspired by observable and imitable aspects of intelligent activity of human being and nature. The essence of the systems based on computational intelligence is to process and interpret data of various nature so that that CI is strictly connected with the increase of available data as well as capabilities of their processing, mutually supportive factors. Developed theories of computational intelligence were quickly applied in many fields of engineering, data analysis, forecasting, biomedicine and others. They are used in images and sounds processing and identifying, signals processing, multidimensional data visualization, steering of objects, analysis of lexicographic data, requesting systems in banking, diagnostic systems, expert systems and many other practical implementations. This book consists of 16 contributed chapters by subject experts who are specialized in the various topics addressed in this book. The special chapters have been brought out in the broad areas of Control Systems, Power Electronics, Computer Science, Information Technology, modeling and engineering applications. Special importance was given to chapters offering practical solutions and novel methods for the recent research problems in the main areas of this book, viz. Control Systems, Modeling, Computer Science, IT and engineering applications. This book will serve as a reference book for graduate students and researchers with a basic knowledge of control theory, computer science and soft-computing techniques. The resulting design procedures are emphasized using Matlab/Simulink software.

Download or read book Applied Computer Sciences in Engineering written by Juan Carlos Figueroa-García and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-12 with total page 635 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two-volume set (CCIS 915 and CCIS 916) constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Engineering Applications, WEA 2018, held in Medellín, Colombia, in October 2018. The 50 revised full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from126 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections such as computer science; computational intelligence; simulation systems; software engineering; power and energy applications.

Download or read book Cloud Computing Advancements in Design Implementation and Technologies written by Aljawarneh, Shadi and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2012-07-31 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cloud computing has revolutionized computer systems, providing greater dynamism and flexibility to a variety of operations. It can help businesses quickly and effectively adapt to market changes, and helps promote users’ continual access to vital information across platforms and devices. Cloud Computing Advancements in Design, Implementation, and Technologies outlines advancements in the state-of-the-art, standards, and practices of cloud computing, in an effort to identify emerging trends that will ultimately define the future of the cloud. A valuable reference for academics and practitioners alike, this title covers topics such as virtualization technology, utility computing, cloud application services (SaaS), grid computing, and services computing.

Download or read book Managing Social and Economic Change with Information Technology written by Information Resources Management Association. International Conference and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many experts believe that through the utilization of information technology, organizations can better manage social and economic change. This book investigates the challenges involved in the use of information technologies in managing these changes.

Download or read book Parallel Problem Solving from Nature PPSN V written by Agoston E. Eiben and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1998-09-16 with total page 1076 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature, PPSN V, held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, in September 1998. The 101 papers included in their revised form were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 185 submissions. The book is divided into topical sections on convergence theory; fitness landscape and problem difficulty; noisy and non-stationary objective functions; multi-criteria and constrained optimization; representative issues; selection, operators, and evolution schemes; coevolution and learning; cellular automata, fuzzy systems, and neural networks; ant colonies, immune systems, and other paradigms; TSP, graphs, and satisfiability; scheduling, partitioning, and packing; design and telecommunications; and model estimations and layout problems.

Download or read book Design Space Exploration and Resource Management of Multi Many Core Systems written by Amit Kumar Singh and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-05-10 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing demand of processing a higher number of applications and related data on computing platforms has resulted in reliance on multi-/many-core chips as they facilitate parallel processing. However, there is a desire for these platforms to be energy-efficient and reliable, and they need to perform secure computations for the interest of the whole community. This book provides perspectives on the aforementioned aspects from leading researchers in terms of state-of-the-art contributions and upcoming trends.

Download or read book FIE 98 Tempe Arizona written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: