Download or read book e Design written by Kuang-Hua Chang and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-02-23 with total page 1228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: e-Design: Computer-Aided Engineering Design, Revised First Edition is the first book to integrate a discussion of computer design tools throughout the design process. Through the use of this book, the reader will understand basic design principles and all-digital design paradigms, the CAD/CAE/CAM tools available for various design related tasks, how to put an integrated system together to conduct All-Digital Design (ADD), industrial practices in employing ADD, and tools for product development. - Comprehensive coverage of essential elements for understanding and practicing the e-Design paradigm in support of product design, including design method and process, and computer based tools and technology - Part I: Product Design Modeling discusses virtual mockup of the product created in the CAD environment, including not only solid modeling and assembly theories, but also the critical design parameterization that converts the product solid model into parametric representation, enabling the search for better design alternatives - Part II: Product Performance Evaluation focuses on applying CAE technologies and software tools to support evaluation of product performance, including structural analysis, fatigue and fracture, rigid body kinematics and dynamics, and failure probability prediction and reliability analysis - Part III: Product Manufacturing and Cost Estimating introduces CAM technology to support manufacturing simulations and process planning, sheet forming simulation, RP technology and computer numerical control (CNC) machining for fast product prototyping, as well as manufacturing cost estimate that can be incorporated into product cost calculations - Part IV: Design Theory and Methods discusses modern decision-making theory and the application of the theory to engineering design, introduces the mainstream design optimization methods for both single and multi-objectives problems through both batch and interactive design modes, and provides a brief discussion on sensitivity analysis, which is essential for designs using gradient-based approaches - Tutorial lessons and case studies are offered for readers to gain hands-on experiences in practicing e-Design paradigm using two suites of engineering software: Pro/ENGINEER-based, including Pro/MECHANICA Structure, Pro/ENGINEER Mechanism Design, and Pro/MFG; and SolidWorks-based, including SolidWorks Simulation, SolidWorks Motion, and CAMWorks. Available on the companion website http://booksite.elsevier.com/9780123820389

Download or read book Autodesk 3ds Max 2020 A Comprehensive Guide 20th Edition written by Prof. Sham Tickoo and published by CADCIM Technologies. This book was released on 2019 with total page 1006 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autodesk 3ds Max 2020: A Comprehensive Guide book aims at harnessing the power of Autodesk 3ds Max for modelers, animators, and designers. The book caters to the needs of both the novice and the advanced users of 3ds Max. Keeping in view the varied requirements of the users, the book first introduces the basic features of 3ds Max 2020 and then gradually progresses to cover the advanced 3D models and animations. In this book, one project which is based on the tools and concepts covered in the text has been added to enhance the knowledge of the users. Additionally, in this edition, the readers will be able to learn about some new and enhanced features of 3ds Max 2020 such as Compound Shapes and Chamfer Modifier. Salient Features: Consists of 18 chapters and 1 project that are organized in a pedagogical sequence covering various aspects of modeling, texturing, lighting, and animation. The author has followed the tutorial approach to explain various concepts of modeling, texturing, lighting, and animation. The first page of every chapter summarizes the topics that are covered in it. Step-by-step instructions that guide the users through the learning process. Additional information throughout the book in the form of notes and tips. Self-Evaluation Tests and Review Questions at the end of each chapter to help the users assess their knowledge. Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction to Autodesk 3ds Max 2020 Chapter 2: Standard Primitives Chapter 3: Extended Primitives Chapter 4: Working with Architectural Objects Chapter 5: Splines and Extended Splines Chapter 6: Modifying Splines Chapter 7: Materials and Maps Chapter 8: Modifying 3D Mesh Objects Chapter 9: Graphite Modeling Technique Chapter 10: Compound Objects Chapter 11: Modifiers Chapter 12: Lights and Rendering Chapter 13: Animation Basics Chapter 14: Rigid Body Dynamics and Helpers Chapter 15: NURBS Modeling * Chapter 16: Systems, Hierarchy, and Kinematics * Chapter 17: Particle Systems and Space Warps-I * Chapter 18: Particle Systems and Space Warps-II * Project 1: Creating a Diner Index (*For free download)

Download or read book Pixologic ZBrush 2020 A Comprehensive Guide 6th Edition written by Prof. Sham Tickoo and published by CADCIM Technologies. This book was released on 2020-05-04 with total page 892 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pixologic ZBrush 2020: A Comprehensive Guide covers all features of ZBrush 2020 in a simple, lucid, and comprehensive manner. It gives in-depth details of the concepts and explains the usage and tools of ZBrush such as DynaMesh, NanoMesh, ZRemesher, ZModeler, NanoMesh, and KeyShot renderer. This book will unleash your creativity and transform your imagination into reality, thus helping you create realistic 3D models. In this edition, the author has provided detailed explanation of some new and enhanced concepts such as CamView and Spotlight. Moreover, new sculpting brushes like XTractor and HistoryRecall have been covered. Additionally, the concepts like Array, ZPlugin, and FiberMesh are explained with the help of step by step instructions. Salient Features Consists of 12 chapters & 1 project that are organized in a pedagogical sequence. Covers all aspects such as modeling, texturing, lighting, & animation in ZBrush. Tutorial approach to explain the concepts and usage of tools. First page of every chapter summarizes the topics that are covered in the chapter. Additional information is provided throughout the book in the form of notes and tips. Self-Evaluation test & Review Questions at the end of each chapter so that the users can assess their knowledge. Table of Contents Chapter 1: Exploring ZBrush Interface Chapter 2: Sculpting Brushes Chapter 3: Introduction to Digital Sculpting Chapter 4: SubTools and FiberMesh Chapter 5: ZSpheres Chapter 6: DynaMesh, NanoMesh, and ZRemesher Chapter 7: ShadowBox Chapter 8: Materials in ZBrush Chapter 9: Texturing in ZBrush Chapter 10: UV Master Chapter 11: Lighting Chapter 12: Rendering Project 1: Cartoon Character Modeling Index

Download or read book Autodesk Maya 2020 A Comprehensive Guide 12th Edition written by Prof. Sham Tickoo and published by CADCIM Technologies. This book was released on 2020-04-08 with total page 835 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autodesk Maya 2020 is a powerful, integrated 3D modeling, animation, visual effects, and rendering software developed by Autodesk Inc. This integrated node based 3D software finds its application in the development of films, games, and design projects. The intuitive user interface and workflow tools of Maya 2020 have made the job of design visualization specialists a lot easier. Autodesk Maya 2020: A Comprehensive Guide covers all features of Autodesk Maya 2020 software in a simple, lucid, and comprehensive manner. It will unleash your creativity, thus helping you create realistic 3D models, animation, and visual effects. In this edition, new tools and enhancements in modeling, animation, rigging as well as performance improvements in bifrost are covered. Additionally, the newly introduced Mash module, which is used for creating motion graphics, is also covered in the book. Salient Features: Consists of 17 chapters that are organized in a pedagogical sequence covering a wide range of topics such as Maya interface, Polygon modeling, NURBS modeling, texturing, lighting, cameras, animation, Paint Effects, Rendering, nHair, Fur, Fluids, Particles, nParticles and Bullet Physics in Autodesk Maya 2020. The first page of every chapter summarizes the topics that are covered in it. Consists of hundreds of illustrations and a comprehensive coverage of Autodesk Maya 2020 concepts & commands. Real-world 3D models and examples focusing on industry experience. Step-by-step instructions that guide the user through the learning process. Additional information is provided throughout the book in the form of tips and notes. Self-Evaluation test, Review Questions, and Exercises are given at the end of each chapter so that the users can assess their knowledge. Table of Contents Chapter 1: Exploring Maya Interface Chapter 2: Polygon Modeling Chapter 3: NURBS Curves and Surfaces Chapter 4: NURBS Modeling Chapter 5: UV Mapping Chapter 6: Shading and Texturing Chapter 7: Lighting Chapter 8: Animation Chapter 9: Rigging, Constraints, and Deformers Chapter 10: Paint Effects Chapter 11: Rendering Chapter 12: Particle System Chapter 13: Introduction to nParticles Chapter 14: Fluids Chapter 15: nHair Chapter 16: Bifrost Chapter 17: Bullet Physics and Motion Graphics Index

Download or read book The Complete Book of Colleges 2020 Edition written by Princeton Review (COR) and published by Princeton Review. This book was released on 2019-07-02 with total page 1154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No one knows colleges better than The Princeton Review! Inside The Complete Book of Colleges, 2020 Edition, students will find meticulously researched information that will help them narrow their college search.

Download or read book CATIA V5 6R2020 for Designers 18th Edition written by Prof. Sham Tickoo and published by CADCIM Technologies. This book was released on 2021-01-19 with total page 1297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CATIA V5-6R2020 for Designers is a comprehensive book written with the intention of helping the readers effectively use all solid modeling tools and other features of CATIA V5-6R2020. This book provides elaborative and clear explanation of the tools of all commonly used workbenches of CATIA V5-6R2020. After reading this book, you will be able to create, assemble, and draft models. The chapter on the DMU Kinematics workbench will enable the users to create, edit, simulate, and analyze different mechanisms dynamically. The chapter on the FreeStyle workbench will enable the users to dynamically design and manipulate surfaces. The book explains the concepts through real-world examples and the tutorials used in this book ensure that the users can relate the knowledge gained from this book with the actual mechanical industry designs. Salient Features Consists of 19 chapters that are organized in a pedagogical sequence Tutorial approach to explain the concepts of CATIA V5-6R2020 Detailed explanation of CATIA V5-6R2020 tools First page summarizes the topics covered in the chapter Step-by-step instructions that guide the users through the learning process More than 40 real-world mechanical engineering designs as tutorials and projects Additional information is provided throughout the book in the form of notes and tips Self-Evaluation Tests and Review Questions provided at the end of each chapter to help users assess their knowledge Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction to CATIA V5-6R2020 Chapter 2: Drawing Sketches in the Sketcher Workbench-I Chapter 3: Drawing Sketches in the Sketcher Workbench-II Chapter 4: Constraining Sketches and Creating Base Features Chapter 5: Reference Elements and Sketch-Based Features Chapter 6: Creating Dress-Up and Hole Features Chapter 7: Editing Features Chapter 8: Transformation Features and Advanced Modeling Tools-I Chapter 9: Advanced Modeling Tools-II Chapter 10: Working with the Wireframe and Surface Design Workbench Chapter 11: Editing and Modifying Surfaces Chapter 12: Assembly Modeling Chapter 13: Working with the Drafting Workbench-I Chapter 14: Working with the Drafting Workbench-II Chapter 15: Working with Sheet Metal Components Chapter 16: DMU Kinematics Chapter 17: Introduction to Generative Shape Design Chapter 18: Working with the FreeStyle Workbench Chapter 19: Introduction to FEA and Generative Structural Analysis Student Projects Index

Download or read book Principles and Practice An Integrated Approach to Engineering Graphics and AutoCAD 2020 written by Randy Shih and published by SDC Publications. This book was released on 2019-06 with total page 603 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles and Practices An Integrated Approach to Engineering Graphics and AutoCAD 2020 combines an introduction to AutoCAD 2020 with a comprehensive coverage of engineering graphics principles. By adopting this textbook, you will no longer need to adopt separate CAD and engineering graphics books for your course. Not only will this unified approach give your course a smoother flow, your students will also save money on their textbooks. What's more, the tutorial exercises in this text have been expanded to cover the performance tasks found on the AutoCAD 2020 Certified User Examination. The primary goal of Principles and Practices An Integrated Approach to Engineering Graphics and AutoCAD 2020 is to introduce the aspects of engineering graphics with the use of modern Computer Aided Design/Drafting software - AutoCAD 2020. This text is intended to be used as a training guide for students and professionals. The chapters in the text proceed in a pedagogical fashion to guide you from constructing basic shapes to making complete sets of engineering drawings. This text takes a hands-on, exercise-intensive approach to all the important concepts of Engineering Graphics, as well as in depth discussions of CAD techniques. This textbook contains a series of thirteen chapters, with detailed step-by-step tutorial-style lessons designed to introduce beginning CAD users to the graphic language used in all branches of technical industry. The CAD techniques and concepts discussed in the text are also designed to serve as the foundation to the more advanced parametric feature-based CAD packages, such as Autodesk Inventor. After completing this text your students will be prepared to pass the AutoCAD Certified User Examination. Certified User Reference Guides located at the front of the book and in each chapter show where these performance tasks are covered.

Download or read book AutoCAD MEP 2020 for Designers 5th Edition written by Prof. Sham Tickoo and published by CADCIM Technologies. This book was released on 2022 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: AutoCAD MEP 2020 for Designers book is written to help the readers effectively use the designing and drafting tools of AutoCAD MEP 2020. This AutoCAD MEP book provides detailed description of the tools that are commonly used in designing HVAC system, piping system, and plumbing system as well as in designing the electrical layout of a building. The AutoCAD MEP 2020 book further elaborates on the procedure of generating the schematic drawings of a system, which are used for schematic representation of a system. Special emphasis has been laid on the introduction of concepts, which have been explained using text, along with graphical examples. The examples and tutorials used in the AutoCAD MEP 2020 for Designers book ensure that the users can relate the information provided in this book with the practical industry designs. Salient Features: Chapters that are organized in a pedagogical sequence. Tutorial approach to explain various concepts of AutoCAD MEP 2020. Summarized content on the first page of the topics that are covered in the chapter. Detailed explanation of AutoCAD MEP 2020 commands and tools. The first page of every chapter summarizes the topics that are covered in it. Consists of hundreds of illustrations and a comprehensive coverage of AutoCAD MEP 2020 concepts and techniques. Step-by-step instructions that guide the users through the learning process. Real-world mechanical engineering designs as tutorials and projects. Additional information throughout the book in the form of notes and tips. Self-Evaluation Tests and Review Questions in each chapter so that the users can assess their knowledge. Technical support by contacting '[email protected]'. Additional learning resources at 'allaboutcadcam.blogspot.com'. Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction to AutoCAD MEP Chapter 2: Getting Started with AutoCAD MEP Chapter 3: Working with Architecture Workspace Chapter 4: Creating HVAC System Chapter 5: Creating Piping System Chapter 6: Creating Plumbing System Chapter 7: Creating Electrical System Layout Chapter 8: Representation and Schedules Chapter 9: Working with Schematics Project 1: Creating Complete System of a Forging Plant Project 2: Creating Complete Commercial Office Building Index

Download or read book SOLIDWORKS 2020 and Engineering Graphics written by Randy Shih and published by SDC Publications. This book was released on 2020-02 with total page 727 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: SOLIDWORKS 2020 and Engineering Graphics: An Integrated Approach combines an introduction to SOLIDWORKS 2020 with a comprehensive coverage of engineering graphics principles. Not only will this unified approach give your course a smoother flow, your students will also save money on their textbooks. What’s more, the exercises in this book cover the performance tasks that are included on the Certified SOLIDWORKS Associate (CSWA) Examination. Reference guides located at the front of the book and in each chapter show where these performance tasks are covered. The primary goal of SOLIDWORKS 2020 and Engineering Graphics: An Integrated Approach is to introduce the aspects of Engineering Graphics with the use of modern Computer Aided Design package – SOLIDWORKS 2020. This text is intended to be used as a training guide for students and professionals. The chapters in this text proceed in a pedagogical fashion to guide you from constructing basic shapes to making complete sets of engineering drawings. This text takes a hands-on, exercise-intensive approach to all the important concepts of Engineering Graphics, as well as in-depth discussions of parametric feature-based CAD techniques. This textbook contains a series of sixteen chapters, with detailed step-by-step tutorial style lessons, designed to introduce beginning CAD users to the graphics language used in all branches of technical industry. This book does not attempt to cover all of SOLIDWORKS 2020’s features, only to provide an introduction to the software. It is intended to help you establish a good basis for exploring and growing in the exciting field of Computer Aided Engineering.

Download or read book British Qualifications 2020 written by Kogan Page Editorial and published by Kogan Page Publishers. This book was released on 2019-12-03 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its 50th edition, British Qualifications 2020 is the definitive one-volume guide to every recognized qualification on offer in the United Kingdom. With an equal focus on both academic and professional vocational studies, this indispensable guide has full details of all institutions and organizations involved in the provision of further and higher education, making it the essential reference source for careers advisers, students, and employers. It also contains a comprehensive and up-to-date description of the structure of further and higher education in the UK, including an explanation of the most recent education reforms, providing essential context for the qualifications listed. British Qualifications 2020 is compiled and checked annually to ensure the highest currency and accuracy of this valuable information. Containing details on the professional vocational qualifications available from over 350 professional institutions and accrediting bodies, informative entries for all UK academic universities and colleges, and a full description of the current structural and legislative framework of academic and vocational education, it is the complete reference for lifelong learning and continuing professional development in the UK.

Download or read book Guide to Computer Aided Engineering Manufacturing Construction Software written by National Computing Centre and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1985 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Model Based Engineering of Embedded Systems written by Klaus Pohl and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-08 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Embedded systems have long become essential in application areas in which human control is impossible or infeasible. The development of modern embedded systems is becoming increasingly difficult and challenging because of their overall system complexity, their tighter and cross-functional integration, the increasing requirements concerning safety and real-time behavior, and the need to reduce development and operation costs. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the Software Platform Embedded Systems (SPES) modeling framework and demonstrates its applicability in embedded system development in various industry domains such as automation, automotive, avionics, energy, and healthcare. In SPES 2020, twenty-one partners from academia and industry have joined forces in order to develop and evaluate in different industrial domains a modeling framework that reflects the current state of the art in embedded systems engineering. The content of this book is structured in four parts. Part I “Starting Point” discusses the status quo of embedded systems development and model-based engineering, and summarizes the key requirements faced when developing embedded systems in different application domains. Part II “The SPES Modeling Framework” describes the SPES modeling framework. Part III “Application and Evaluation of the SPES Modeling Framework” reports on the validation steps taken to ensure that the framework met the requirements discussed in Part I. Finally, Part IV “Impact of the SPES Modeling Framework” summarizes the results achieved and provides an outlook on future work. The book is mainly aimed at professionals and practitioners who deal with the development of embedded systems on a daily basis. Researchers in academia and industry may use it as a compendium for the requirements and state-of-the-art solution concepts for embedded systems development.

Download or read book Advances in Information and Communication written by Kohei Arai and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-12 with total page 1125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to provide an international forum for scholarly researchers, practitioners and academic communities to explore the role of information and communication technologies and its applications in technical and scholarly development. The conference attracted a total of 464 submissions, of which 152 submissions (including 4 poster papers) have been selected after a double-blind review process. Academic pioneering researchers, scientists, industrial engineers and students will find this series useful to gain insight into the current research and next-generation information science and communication technologies. This book discusses the aspects of communication, data science, ambient intelligence, networking, computing, security and Internet of things, from classical to intelligent scope. The authors hope that readers find the volume interesting and valuable; it gathers chapters addressing state-of-the-art intelligent methods and techniques for solving real-world problems along with a vision of the future research.

Download or read book Comprehensive Guide to IBPS RRB Officers Scale II III Exams 2020 written by Disha Experts and published by Disha Publications. This book was released on 2020-07-15 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Logic Synthesis for FPGA Based Mealy Finite State Machines written by Alexander Barkalov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-12-04 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to the logic synthesis of field programmable gate array (FPGA)-based circuits of Mealy finite state machines (FSM). Three new methods of state assignment are proposed, which allows obtaining FSM circuits required minimum amount of internal chip resources. Logic Synthesis for FPGA-Based Mealy Finite State Machines: Structural Decomposition in Logic Design contains several original synthesis and optimization methods based on the structural decomposition of FPGA-based FSM circuits developed by the authors. To optimize FSM circuits, the authors introduce the use of three methods of state assignment: twofold, extended, and composite. These methods allow for the creation of two- or three-level architectures of FSM circuits. The authors also demonstrate how the proposed methods, FSM architectures and synthesis methods can replace known solutions based on either functional decomposition or classical methods of structural decomposition. The authors also show how these architectures have regular systems of interconnections and demonstrate positive features compared to methods based on functional decomposition, including producing circuits with fewer elements that are faster and consume less power than their counterparts. The book includes experimental results proving the efficiency of the proposed solutions and compares the numbers in Look-up Tables (LUTs), showing the performance (maximum operating frequency) and power consumption for various methods of state assignment. The audience for this book is students, researchers, and engineers specializing in computer science/ engineering, electronics, and telecommunications. It will be especially useful for engineers working within the scope of algorithms, hardware-based software accelerators and control units, and systems based on the use of FPGAs.

Download or read book Engineering Graphics with AutoCAD 2020 written by James D. Bethune and published by Macromedia Press. This book was released on 2019-07-17 with total page 1778 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Engineering Graphics with AutoCAD 2020, award-winning CAD instructor and author James Bethune teaches technical drawing using AutoCAD 2020 as its drawing instrument. Taking a step-by-step approach, this textbook encourages students to work at their own pace and uses sample problems and illustrations to guide them through the powerful features of this drawing program. More than 680 exercise problems provide instructors with a variety of assignment material and students with an opportunity to develop their creativity and problem-solving capabilities. Effective pedagogy throughout the text helps students learn and retain concepts: Step-by-step format throughout the text allows students to work directly from the text to the screen and provides an excellent reference during and after the course. Latest coverage is provided for dynamic blocks, user interface improvements, and productivity enhancements. Exercises, sample problems, and projects appear in each chapter, providing examples of software capabilities and giving students an opportunity to apply their own knowledge to realistic design situations. ANSI standards are discussed when appropriate, introducing students to the appropriate techniques and national standards. Illustrations and sample problems are provided in every chapter, supporting the step-by-step approach by illustrating how to use AutoCAD 2020 and its features to solve various design problems. Engineering Graphics with AutoCAD 2020 will be a valuable resource for every student wanting to learn to create engineering drawings.

Download or read book Principles and Practice An Integrated Approach to Engineering Graphics and AutoCAD 2021 written by Randy Shih and published by SDC Publications. This book was released on 2020-06-18 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles and Practices An Integrated Approach to Engineering Graphics and AutoCAD 2021 combines an introduction to AutoCAD 2021 with a comprehensive coverage of engineering graphics principles. By adopting this textbook, you will no longer need to adopt separate CAD and engineering graphics books for your course. Not only will this unified approach give your course a smoother flow, your students will also save money on their textbooks. What's more, the tutorial exercises in this text have been expanded to cover the performance tasks found on the AutoCAD 2021 Certified User Examination. The primary goal of Principles and Practices An Integrated Approach to Engineering Graphics and AutoCAD 2021 is to introduce the aspects of engineering graphics with the use of modern Computer Aided Design/Drafting software - AutoCAD 2021. This text is intended to be used as a training guide for students and professionals. The chapters in the text proceed in a pedagogical fashion to guide you from constructing basic shapes to making complete sets of engineering drawings. This text takes a hands-on, exercise-intensive approach to all the important concepts of Engineering Graphics, as well as in depth discussions of CAD techniques. This textbook contains a series of thirteen chapters, with detailed step-by-step tutorial-style lessons designed to introduce beginning CAD users to the graphic language used in all branches of technical industry. The CAD techniques and concepts discussed in the text are also designed to serve as the foundation to the more advanced parametric feature-based CAD packages, such as Autodesk Inventor. After completing this text your students will be prepared to pass the AutoCAD Certified User Examination. Certified User Reference Guides located at the front of the book and in each chapter show where these performance tasks are covered.