Download or read book Computational Methods for Small Molecules written by Markus Heinonen and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Computational Methods for Small Molecule Identification written by Kai Dührkop and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Identification of small molecules remains a central question in analytical chemistry, in particular for natural product research, metabolomics, environmental research, and biomarker discovery. Mass spectrometry is the predominant technique for high-throughput analysis of small molecules. But it reveals only information about the mass of molecules and, by using tandem mass spectrometry, about the mass of molecular fragments. Automated interpretation of mass spectra is often limited to searching in spectral libraries, such that we can only dereplicate molecules for which we have already recorded reference mass spectra. In this thesis we present methods for answering two central questions: What is the molecular formula of the measured ion and what is its molecular structure? SIRIUS is a combinatorial optimization method for annotating a spectrum and identifying the ion's molecular formula by computing hypothetical fragmentation trees. We present a new scoring for computing fragmentation trees, transforming the combinatorial optimization into a maximum a posteriori estimator. This allows us to learn parameters and hyperparameters of the scoring directly from data. We demonstrate that the statistical model, which was fitted on a small dataset, generalises well across many different datasets and mass spectrometry instruments. In addition to tandem mass spectra, isotope pattern can be used for identifying the molecular formula of the precursor ion. We present a novel scoring for comparing isotope patterns based on maximum likelihood. We describe how to integrate the isotope pattern analysis into the fragmentation tree optimisation problem to analyse data were fragment peaks and isotope peaks occur within the same spectrum. We demonstrate that the new scorings significantly improves on the task of molecular formula assignment. We evaluate SIRIUS on several datasets and show that it outperforms all other methods for molecular formula annotation by a large margin. We also present CSI:FingerID, a method for predicting a molecular fingerprint from a tandem mass spectrum using kernel support vector machines. The predicted fingerprint can be searched in a structure database to identify the molecular structure. CSI:FingerID is based on FingerID, that uses probability product kernels on mass spectra for this task. We describe several novel kernels for comparing fragmentation trees instead of spectra. These kernels are combined using multiple kernel learning. We present a new scoring based on posterior probabilities and extend the method to use additional molecular fingerprints. We demonstrate on several datasets that CSI:FingerID identifies more molecules than its predecessor FingerID and outperforms all other methods for this task. We analyse how each of the methodological improvements of CSI:FingerID contributes to its identification performance and make suggestions for future improvements of the method. Both methods, SIRIUS and CSI:FingerID, are available as commandline tool and as user interface. The molecular fingerprint prediction is implemented as web service and receives over one million requests per month.

Download or read book Small Molecule Drug Discovery written by Andrea Trabocchi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-11-23 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Small Molecule Drug Discovery: Methods, Molecules and Applications presents the methods used to identify bioactive small molecules, synthetic strategies and techniques to produce novel chemical entities and small molecule libraries, chemoinformatics to characterize and enumerate chemical libraries, and screening methods, including biophysical techniques, virtual screening and phenotypic screening. The second part of the book gives an overview of privileged cyclic small molecules and major classes of natural product-derived small molecules, including carbohydrate-derived compounds, peptides and peptidomimetics, and alkaloid-inspired compounds. The last section comprises an exciting collection of selected case studies on drug discovery enabled by small molecules in the fields of cancer research, CNS diseases and infectious diseases. The discovery of novel molecular entities capable of specific interactions represents a significant challenge in early drug discovery. Small molecules are low molecular weight organic compounds that include natural products and metabolites, as well as drugs and other xenobiotics. When the biological target is well defined and understood, the rational design of small molecule ligands is possible. Alternatively, small molecule libraries are being used for unbiased assays for complex diseases where a target is unknown or multiple factors contribute to a disease pathology. Outlines modern concepts and synthetic strategies underlying the building of small molecules and their chemical libraries useful for drug discovery Provides modern biophysical methods to screening small molecule libraries, including high-throughput screening, small molecule microarrays, phenotypic screening and chemical genetics Presents the most advanced chemoinformatics tools to characterize the structural features of small molecule libraries in terms of chemical diversity and complexity, also including the application of virtual screening approaches Gives an overview of structural features and classification of natural product-derived small molecules, including carbohydrate derivatives, peptides and peptidomimetics, and alkaloid-inspired small molecules

Download or read book Physico chemical and Computational Approaches to Drug Discovery written by Javier Luque and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2012 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title covers a wide range of topics relevant to the development of drugs. It provides a comprehensive description of the major methodological strategies available for rational drug discovery.

Download or read book Bayesian Methods for Small Molecule Identification written by Marcus Ludwig and published by . This book was released on 2020* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Confident identification of small molecules remains a major challenge in untargeted metabolomics, natural product research and related fields. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry is a predominant technique for the high-throughput analysis of small molecules and can detect thousands of different compounds in a biological sample. The automated interpretation of the resulting tandem mass spectra is highly non-trivial and many studies are limited to re-discovering known compounds by searching mass spectra in spectral reference libraries. But these libraries are vastly incomplete and a large portion of measured compounds remains unidentified. This constitutes a major bottleneck in the comprehensive, high-throughput analysis of metabolomics data. In this thesis, we present two computational methods that address different steps in the identification process of small molecules from tandem mass spectra. ZODIAC is a novel method for de novo -- that is, database-independent -- molecular formula annotation in complete datasets. It exploits similarities of compounds co-occurring in a sample to find the most likely molecular formula for each individual compound. ZODIAC improves on the currently best-performing method SIRIUS; on one dataset by 16.5 fold. We show that de novo molecular formula annotation is not just a theoretical advantage: We discover multiple novel molecular formulas absent from PubChem, one of the biggest structure databases. Furthermore, we introduce a novel scoring for CSI:FingerID, a state-of-the-art method for searching tandem mass spectra in a structure database. This scoring models dependencies between different molecular properties in a predicted molecular fingerprint via Bayesian networks. This problem has the unusual property, that the marginal probabilities differ for each predicted query fingerprint. Thus, we need to apply Bayesian networks in a novel, non-standard fashion. Modeling dependencies improves on the currently best scoring.

Download or read book Computational Drug Design written by D. C. Young and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-01-28 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Helps you choose the right computational tools and techniques to meet your drug design goals Computational Drug Design covers all of the major computational drug design techniques in use today, focusing on the process that pharmaceutical chemists employ to design a new drug molecule. The discussions of which computational tools to use and when and how to use them are all based on typical pharmaceutical industry drug design processes. Following an introduction, the book is divided into three parts: Part One, The Drug Design Process, sets forth a variety of design processes suitable for a number of different drug development scenarios and drug targets. The author demonstrates how computational techniques are typically used during the design process, helping readers choose the best computational tools to meet their goals. Part Two, Computational Tools and Techniques, offers a series of chapters, each one dedicated to a single computational technique. Readers discover the strengths and weaknesses of each technique. Moreover, the book tabulates comparative accuracy studies, giving readers an unbiased comparison of all the available techniques. Part Three, Related Topics, addresses new, emerging, and complementary technologies, including bioinformatics, simulations at the cellular and organ level, synthesis route prediction, proteomics, and prodrug approaches. The book's accompanying CD-ROM, a special feature, offers graphics of the molecular structures and dynamic reactions discussed in the book as well as demos from computational drug design software companies. Computational Drug Design is ideal for both students and professionals in drug design, helping them choose and take full advantage of the best computational tools available. Note: CD-ROM/DVD and other supplementary materials are not included as part of eBook file.

Download or read book Mass Spectrometry written by Edmond de Hoffmann and published by Wiley. This book was released on 2001-10-10 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers a complete overview of the principles, theories and key applications of modern mass spectrometry in this introductory textbook. Following on from the highly successful first edition, this edition is extensively updated including new techniques and applications. All instrumental aspects of mass spectrometry are clearly and concisely described; sources, analysers and detectors. * Revised and updated * Numerous examples and illustrations are combined with a series of exercises to help encourage student understanding * Includes biological applications, which have been significantly expanded and updated * Also includes coverage of ESI and MALDI

Download or read book Activation of Small Molecules by Transition Metal Complexes Via Computational Methods written by Ahmad Najafian and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Application of Computational Methods for Kinase Small Molecule Drug Discovery and Design written by Abdulkarim Najjar and published by . This book was released on 2018* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kinase; PKMYT1; PRK1; EGFR; IGF-1R; PDGFR-[beta]; VEDFR2; kinase inhibitors; computer-aided drug design; drug discovery

Download or read book Frontiers in Computational Chemistry written by Zaheer Ul-Haq and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2017-02-22 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Frontiers in Computational Chemistry presents contemporary research on molecular modeling techniques used in drug discovery and the drug development process: computer aided molecular design, drug discovery and development, lead generation, lead optimization, database management, computer and molecular graphics, and the development of new computational methods or efficient algorithms for the simulation of chemical phenomena including analyses of biological activity. The third volume of this series features four chapters covering in silico approaches to computer aided drug design, modeling of platinum and adjuvant anti-cancer drugs, allostery in proteins and studies on the theory of chemical space in electron systems.

Download or read book Computational Tools for Chemical Biology written by Sonsoles Martín-Santamaría and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2017-11-01 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a fresh perspective on how computational tools can aid the chemical biology research community and drive new research.

Download or read book Targeting Protein Protein Interactions by Small Molecules written by Chunquan Sheng and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-26 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively reviews the state-of-the-art strategies developed for protein-protein interaction (PPI) inhibitors, and highlights the success stories in new drug discovery and development. Consisting of two parts with twelve chapters, it demonstrates the design strategies and case studies of small molecule PPI inhibitors. The first part discusses various discovery strategies for small molecule PPI inhibitors, such as high throughput screening, hot spot-based design, computational approaches, and fragment-based design. The second part presents recent advances in small molecule inhibitors, focusing on clinical candidates and new PPI targets. This book has broad appeal and is of significant interest to the pharmaceutical science and medicinal chemistry communities.

Download or read book Computational Chemistry Methodology in Structural Biology and Materials Sciences written by Tanmoy Chakraborty and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-10-03 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computational Chemistry Methodology in Structural Biology and Materials Sciences provides a selection of new research in theoretical and experimental chemistry, focusing on topics in the materials science and biological activity. Part 1, on Computational Chemistry Methodology in Biological Activity, of the book emphasizes presents new developments in the domain of theoretical and computational chemistry and its applications to bioactive molecules. It looks at various aspects of density functional theory and other issues. Part 2, on Computational Chemistry Methodology in Materials Science, presents informative new research on computational chemistry as applied to materials science. The wide range of topics regarding the application of theoretical and experimental chemistry and materials science and biological domain will be valuable in the context of addressing contemporary research problems.

Download or read book Computational and Structural Approaches to Drug Discovery written by Robert M. Stroud and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2008 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This insightful book represents the experience and understanding of the global experts in the field and spotlights both the structural and medicinal chemistry aspects of drug design. The need to 'encode' the physiological factors of pharmacology, a key area, is explored.

Download or read book Computational Strategies for Spectroscopy written by Vincenzo Barone and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-11-01 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computational spectroscopy is a rapidly evolving field that is becoming a versatile and widespread tool for the assignment of experimental spectra and their interpretation as related to chemical physical effects. This book is devoted to the most significant methodological contributions in the field, and to the computation of IR, UV-VIS, NMR and EPR spectral parameters with reference to the underlying vibronic and environmental effects. Each section starts with a chapter written by an experimental spectroscopist dealing with present challenges in the different fields; comprehensive coverage of conventional and advanced spectroscopic techniques is provided by means of dedicated chapters written by experts. Computational chemists, analytical chemists and spectroscopists, physicists, materials scientists, and graduate students will benefit from this thorough resource.

Download or read book Application of Computational Techniques in Pharmacy and Medicine written by Leonid Gorb and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-07 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proposed volume provides both fundamental and detailed information about the computational and computational-experimental studies which improve our knowledge of how leaving matter functions, the different properties of drugs (including the calculation and the design of new ones), and the creation of completely new ways of treating numerical diseases. Whenever it is possible, the interplay between theory and experiment is provided. The book features computational techniques such as quantum-chemical and molecular dynamic approaches and quantitative structure–activity relationships. The initial chapters describe the state-of-the art research on the computational investigations in molecular biology, molecular pharmacy, and molecular medicine performed with the use of pure quantum-chemical techniques. The central part of the book illustrates the status of computational techniques that utilize hybrid, so called QM/MM approximations as well as the results of the QSAR studies which now are the most popular in predicting drugs’ efficiency. The last chapters describe combined computational and experimental investigations.

Download or read book Frontiers in Computational Chemistry Volume 6 written by Zaheer Ul-Haq and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2022-09-08 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Frontiers in Computational Chemistry presents contemporary research on molecular modeling techniques used in drug discovery and the drug development process: computer aided molecular design, drug discovery and development, lead generation, lead optimization, database management, computer and molecular graphics, and the development of new computational methods or efficient algorithms for the simulation of chemical phenomena including analyses of biological activity. The sixth volume of this series features these six different perspectives on the application of computational chemistry in rational drug design: 1. Computer-aided molecular design in computational chemistry 2. The role of ensemble conformational sampling using molecular docking & dynamics in drug discovery 3. Molecular dynamics applied to discover antiviral agents 4. Pharmacophore modeling approach in drug discovery against the tropical infectious disease malaria 5. Advances in computational network pharmacology for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) research 6. Progress in electronic-structure based computational methods: from small molecules to large molecular systems of biological significance