Download or read book Compound Specific Isotope Analysis to Track Sources and Transformation Processes of Micropollutants written by Michael Maier and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Compound Specific Isotope Analysis to Track Sources and Transformation Processes of Micropollutants Investigations in Engineered and Natural Systems with a Special Focus on Diclofenac and Chiral Herbicides written by Michael Maier and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Compound specific Stable Isotope Analysis written by Maik A Jochmann and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2015-11-09 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of Compound-specific Stable Isotope Analysis (CSIA) is increasing in many areas of science and technology for source allocation, authentication, and characterization of transformation reactions. Until now, there have been no textbooks available for students with an analytical chemical background or basic introductory books emphasising the instrumentation and theory. This book is the first to focus solely on stable isotope analysis of individual compounds in sometimes complex mixtures. It acts as both a lecture companion for students and a consultant for advanced scientists in fields including forensic and environmental science. The book starts with a brief history of the field before going on to explain stable isotopes from scratch. The different ways to express isotope abundances are introduced together with isotope effects and isotopic fractionation. A detailed account of the required technical equipment and general procedures for CSIA is provided. This includes sections on derivatization and the use of microextraction techniques in GC-IRMS. The very important topic of referencing and calibration in CSIA is clearly described. This differs from approaches used in quantitative analysis and is often difficult for the newcomer to comprehend. Examples of successful applications of CSIA in food authenticity, forensics, archaeology, doping control, environmental science, and extraterrestrial materials are included. Applications in isotope data treatment and presentation are also discussed and emphasis is placed on the general conclusions that can be drawn from the uses of CSIA. Further instrumental developments in the field are highlighted and selected experiments are introduced that may act as a basis for a short practical course at graduate level.
Download or read book Compound Specific Stable Isotope Analysis written by Safdar Bashir and published by Sudwestdeutscher Verlag Fur Hochschulschriften AG. This book was released on 2014-08-12 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most promising tools for both characterizing contaminant sources and monitoring in situ degradation of organic contaminants in aquifers is compound-specific stable isotope analysis, in which the stable isotope ratios of one or more elements in a given compound are measured in order to investigate the transformation processes at work.The objective of this book was to validate the application of carbon-compound specific stable isotope analysis (CSIA) and enantiomer specific stable isotope analysis (ESIA) to characterize biotic and abiotic transformation of Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) in situ. Additionally, to prove that CSIA in combination with enantiomer-selective degradation of -HCH can be applied as an effective and reliable tool for monitoring natural attenuation of HCH. The variability in enrichment factors observed for enantiomers during biotic investigation showed the preferential reactivity of enzymes for one enantiomer over the other which is not observed in abiotic studies. Thus CSIA combined with ESIA and enantiomer fractions (EF) can help to distinguish biotic and abiotic reactions taking place in situ."
Download or read book Compound specific Isotope Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Isotopic Analysis written by Frank Vanhaecke and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-04-24 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by two very well-known and respected scientists in the field, this excellent practical guide is the first to cover the fundamentals and a wide range of applications, as well as showing readers how to efficiently use this increasingly important technique. From the contents: * The Isotopic Composition of the Elements * Single-Collector ICP-MS * Multi-Collector ICP-MS * Advances in Laser Ablation - Multi-Collector ICP-MS * Correction for Instrumental Mass Discrimination in Isotope Ratio Determination with Multi-Collector ICP-MS * Reference Materials in Isotopic Analysis * Quality Control in Isotope Ratio Applications * Determination of Trace Elements and Elemental Species Using Isotope Dilution ICP-MS * Geochronological Dating * Application of Multi-Collector ICP-MS to Isotopic Analysis in Cosmochemistry * Establishing the Basis for Using Stable Isotope Ratios of Metals as Paleoredox Proxies * Isotopes as Tracers of Elements Across the Geosphere-Biosphere Interface * Archaeometric Applications * Forensics Applications * Nuclear Applications * The Use of Stable Isotope Techniques for Studying Mineral and Trace Element Metabolism in Humans * Isotopic Analysis via Multi-Collector ICP-MS in Elemental Speciation A must-have for newcomers as well as established scientists seeking an overview of isotopic analysis via ICP-MS.
Download or read book Tracing the Sources and Fate of Contaminants in Agroecosystems written by Joseph Adu-Gyamfi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stable Isotopes in Ecology and Environmental Science written by Robert Michener and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2007-10-08 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highlighting the uses of stable isotope analysis in many ecological disciplines, this book examines the methods of research and information on experimental techniques in ecology. It looks at techniques that use natural abundance isotopes to: follow whole ecosystem element cycling; understand processes; and more.
Download or read book Water Security Big Data Driven Risk Identification Assessment and Control of Emerging Contaminants written by Bin Liang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-06-12 with total page 671 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water Security: Big Data-Driven Risk Identification, Assessment and Control of Emerging Contaminants contains the latest information on big data-driven risk detection and analysis, risk assessment and environmental health effect, intelligent risk control technologies, and global control strategy of emerging contaminants. First, this book highlights advances and challenges throughout the detection of emerging chemical contaminants (e.g., antimicrobials, microplastics) by sensors or mass spectrometry, as well as emerging biological contaminant (e.g., ARGs, pathogens) by a combination of next- and third-generation sequencing technologies in aquatic environment. Second, it discusses in depth the ecological risk assessment and environmental health effects of emerging contaminants. Lastly, it presents the most up-to-date intelligent risk management technologies. This book shares instrumental global strategy and policy analysis on how to control emerging contaminants. Offering interdisciplinary and global perspectives from experts in environmental sciences and engineering, environmental microbiology and microbiome, environmental informatics and bioinformatics, intelligent systems, and knowledge engineering, this book provides an accessible and flexible resource for researchers and upper level students working in these fields. - Covers the detection, high-throughput analyses, and environmental behavior of the typical emerging chemical and biological contaminants - Focuses on chemical and biological big data driven aquatic ecological risk assessment models and techniques - Highlights the intelligent management and control technologies and policies for emerging contaminants in water environments
Download or read book Isotopes in Organic Geochemistry written by Jan Schwarzbauer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Compound specific Isotope Analysis to Delineate the Sources and Fate of Organic Contaminants in Complex Aquifer Systems written by Michaela Blessing and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book New Methods for Nitrogen Stable Isotope Measurements of Amino Acids written by Taylor A. B. Broek and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compound specific isotope analysis of individual amino acids (CSI-AA) is a powerful tool for tracing nitrogen (N) source and transformation in biogeochemical cycles. Specifically, the delta15N value of phenylalanine (delta15N Phe) represents an increasingly used proxy for baseline delta15N values, with particular promise for paleoceanographic applications. Further, multiple studies have shown that delta15N values of Phe and glutamic acid (Glu) can be coupled to provide precise estimates of trophic position (TP), while simultaneously decoupling baseline delta15N values from the effects of trophic transfer. However, current derivatization/gas chromatography (GC) methods require expensive and relatively uncommon instrumentation, and have relatively low precision, posing significant issues for many potential applications. Here we present a new approach to CSI-AA based on a high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) purification of underivatized amino acids, followed by offline elemental analysis-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (EA-IRMS). The utility of this approach is demonstrated in two different applications using natural materials: 1) the construction of a high precision paleoceanographic record from the delta15NPhe in proteinaceous coral tissue and 2) the TP estimation of five marine organisms using the coupled delta15N values of Glu and Phe. Both demonstrations were compared to values measured by an established GC based method. In all cases both methods produced equivalent values, however, values generated by the new HPLC/EA-IRMS approach had higher average precision in all cases. These results demonstrate that this approach represents a viable alternative to traditional GC based methods for delta15NAA measurement and may therefore allow significant expansion of CSI-AA applications, requiring only commonly available instrumentation to produce high precision delta15N AA values.
Download or read book Compound Specific Isotope Ratio Analysis in Vapour Intrusion Studies Using Waterloo Membrane Sampler WMS written by Oana Goli and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compound specific isotope analysis (CSIA) has been used extensively for fingerprinting applications and for the evaluation of the degradation processes in organic contaminant studies in groundwater. Recently, an increase in academic interest on the potential applications of CSIA in vapour intrusion has been observed, and various studies have been conducted. A key challenge of this research is the development of analytical protocols for CSIA that handle very low concentrations of organic compounds typically found in indoor samples. A sampling device capable of gathering enough mass for CSIA has to be tested for field applications. In this research the Waterloo Membrane Sampler (WMS), a permeation-type passive sampler that has been successfully used in numerous studies, is presented as a potential device for this purpose. Indeed, the WMS has been successfully applied in the quantitation of volatile analytes in indoor and outdoor air, as well as soil-gas matrices. The objective of this research was to evaluate the applicability of the WMS for CSIA in vapour intrusion studies. Analyte amounts sufficient for CSIA were collected when using thermal desorption to introduce the sample into the gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass spectrometry system (TD-GC-IRMS). The TD-GC-IRMS was employed to determine the stable carbon isotopic composition ([delta]13C) of three model analytes: hexane, benzene and trichloroethylene, which were contained in a standard gas mixture. In order to determine whether isotopic fractionation occurred during the exposure, measures of [delta]13C were taken for individual compounds found in both the standard gas (active sampling) and in the gas permeating through the PDMS membrane into the sorbent (passive sampling). Various WMS were exposed to the standard gas for 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 96 and 192 hours. Variations of the isotopic carbon composition for each analyte were measured versus time, amount of analytes sorbed and exposure temperature. Results obtained in all studies indicate good reproducibility with a standard deviation within the accepted analytical error of ± 0.5 [per mille]. All sampling processes introduced small isotopic fractionation; however, the degree of fractionation remained practically constant and independent of sampling time, mass adsorbed and temperature, therefore could be accounted for. The new method developed was applied in a field study, where the results obtained were compared with solvent base active sample collection and analysis. Results obtained demonstrated good data reproducibility. This indicates that CSIA coupled with WMS could be a valuable tool in environmental forensics field.
Download or read book Solventless Extraction and Enrichment Methods for Compound specific Isotope Analysis written by Maik André Jochmann and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessing Abiotic Transformations of Organic Pollutants Using Compound specific Nitrogen Isotope Analysis written by Akané Elisabeth Hartenbach and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Compound Specific Isotope Analysis written by Eva Katharina Richter and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tracking Biotransformation of Hexachlorocyclohexane Isomers by Compound Specific Isotope Analysis written by Iris E. Schilling and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
