Download or read book A Descriptive Grammar of English written by Andrew Rossiter and published by . This book was released on 2020-05-13 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Grammar" can often be seen as a dull and complicated art, with all sorts of dusty and quirky rules that are hard to understand and even harder to explain. This Descriptive Grammar of English - by example - shakes off the dust to present the essential principles of modern English grammar as clearly as possible, showing the simple rules that determine the standard practices of modern English, both in writing and in speech, and illustrating their use through hundreds of simple examples and familiar expressions. Most native speakers generally follow the essential rules of English grammar as if by intuition; in many cases they will be quite unaware of what the rules are... even that they exist. But rules or principles or guidelines do exist, and without them it would be very difficult to communicate properly and coherently. Grammar is the highway code of any language, and people need either to learn it, or to absorb it subconsciously, in order to speak or write proficiently. Children master the rudiments of grammar in their native language by hearing, remembering, repeating and experimenting; and up to a point this is sufficient for everyday communication. However beyond a certain level, and more importantly when learning a second or foreign language, some awareness of the rules and principles of grammar becomes useful, and in many situations, vital. Some understanding of grammar is indeed essential for anyone wanting to teach English whether it be to native speakers or as a foreign language. By highlighting (literally) hundreds of short sentences and expressions, this Descriptive Grammar of English clearly illustrates and succinctly explains the rules that govern acceptable usage of the English language today. Where necessary, it uses colour coding to show up pertinent points and to contrast different structures or functions. This is not a grammar book for grammarians; it's a grammar book for anyone, and no prior knowledge of linguistics is required. As befits any discussion of grammar, it uses the expressions or jargon that are required to explain grammar, but also explains them by including a glossary of grammatical terms which will be of value to most readers. Originally conceived for the benefit of non-native speakers of English, particularly advanced EFL and ESL students and teachers of English as a foreign or second language, it is also very much suited for school and home use in English-speaking countries. In short it is for anyone who is looking for clear and example-based explanations of how English works and is written and spoken. It covers all the main points of English grammar in a way that is understandable to any student. As well as explaining the essential aspects of English grammar, such as verbs and nouns and adjectives, it includes succinct and clearly illustrated sections on such important points as style word order and punctuation. It distinguishes where appropriate between the usages of written and spoken English, and between British English and American English. All the points covered in this grammar are copiously illustrated with examples from everyday English, including memorable and familiar expressions that are hard to forget. Children are not the only ones who learn their grammar by example.
Download or read book English Grammar written by Kathryn Louise Riley and published by Longman Publishing Group. This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For graduates or advanced undergraduates going into a profession that entails analyzing other people's speech, such as English, linguistics, speech-language pathology, and teaching English as a second language. Explains the history, goals, strengths, and weaknesses of the four main approaches to Eng
Download or read book Comprehensive Descriptive Grammar of English A written by Declerck, R. and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rapanui written by Veronica du Feu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-11-12 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapanui, the language of Easter Island, is in danger of extinction. A Polynesian language, closely related to Maori, it is spoken by less than 2000 people. This description, based on recordings made in the 1980s and on information provided by the islanders, represents Veronica De Feu's determination to recored the language before it dies out. All linguistic aspects are covered; the syntax, morphology, phonology and lexicon of the language. Just as importantly, it has been structured in such a way as to facilitate cross-language comparisons. There are over 800 illustrative sentences, each accompanied by interlinear grammatical analysis and translation. It also contains a Rapanui folk tale; in both the original and English. This descriptive grammar provides a new look at the whole structure of Rapanui. As a source of vocabulary it goes beyond any previously available dictionaries.
Download or read book A Descriptive Grammar of Igbo written by M. M. Green and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 1963-12-31 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No detailed description available for "A Descriptive Grammar of Igbo".
Download or read book English for Travellers Inglese Per Viaggiare written by F. Mariani and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Descriptive Grammar of Pashto and its Dialects written by Anne David and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2013-12-12 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pashto/Pushto/Pukhto is a group of varieties used by as many as 30 million people in Afghanistan and Pakistan, yet a grammar describing these varieties collectively has not been published. The CASL Pashto grammar originates from extensive use of both primary and secondary materials. It attends to features of both spoken and written forms of Pashto and exemplifies the latter generously with naturally-occurring sentences. Detailed descriptions are provided of the phonology and orthography and of the inflectional and derivational morphology applied to all major word classes, with special attention to the complex morphology of verb formation and descriptions of the multiple pronominal systems. Notes on some of the prominent syntactic constructions are provided as a descriptive basis for learners of Pashto and for those interested in syntactic properties characteristic of South Asian languages. For the first time, the highly distinctive Middle dialects, including Waziri, receive attention next to the other major dialect groups. A formal grammar focusing on the morphology is an available companion work.
Download or read book A Descriptive Grammar of Ket Yenisei Ostyak written by Stefan Georg and published by Global Oriental. This book was released on 2007-03-22 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Linguists and specialists are familiar with the name Ket, which designates a small ethnic group on the Yenisei and their language. Ket is a severely endangered language with today less than 500 native speakers. Together with Yugh, Kott, Arin, Assan and Pumpokol, it forms the Yeniseic family of languages, which has no known linguistic relatives.
Download or read book A Descriptive Grammar of Nepali and an Analyzed Corpus written by Jayaraj Acharya and published by Georgetown University Press. This book was released on 1991-06 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A college textbook for engineering majors. The authors argue that an understanding of geometry is central and that computers should be invoked only when the principles are understood. There being no systematic descriptive grammar of the language of Nepal, this work fills a gap by providing a description of the sound system, writing system, morphology, and syntax of Nepali. The description is more practical than theoretical and can be the basis of course materials. A short story is thoroughly analyzed. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book A Descriptive Grammar of Early Old Japanese Prose written by John R. Bentley and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication provides important new information detailing the orthography, phonology, morphology, and lexicon of a previously poorly studied and understood stage of the Japanese language, Early Old Japanese prose.
Download or read book A Descriptive Grammar of English written by Andrew Rossiter and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2023-07-13 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Revised and updated version - 2023 Recommended in IATEFL Voices The magazine of the International Association for Teachers of English as a Foreign Language Andrew Rossiter's A Descriptive Grammar of English by Example should be included on your list of reference materials. It reviews language as it is not only written but also spoken, and will cater for learners from upper-intermediate to advanced levels.... For the invested student, this book is a huge step forward, and having the English language laid out in such a user-friendly approach is a welcome treat for non-native teachers and learners. Reviewed in TESOLANZ bulletin, New Zealand."All good useful stuff and made very user friendly with clear formatting and colour coding. ... a useful, compact grammar reference, especially for those who want to improve their confidence in teaching grammar." Reviewed in EFL Magazine. "This is a useful reference book to have on hand when planning for and teaching grammar lessons. The clarity of explanations and wealth of examples, alongside helpful visual keys, provide both new and experienced teachers with something easy to dip into, regardless of the language level they are teaching." Reviewed in ELTAF Online bulletin, Germany. This book is ... very extensive without being too deep or analytical. The author seems to have a great understanding of many of the challenges that teachers and learners have, and tries to combat these challenges to make the English language more accessible for all." This is a compact pedagogical reference Grammar of English for the 2020s, thorough, complete, original, clearly explained and accessible to all. It covers in detail all the essential points of English grammar, with abundant and carefully chosen examples and clear explanations, avoiding the confusing jargon that is common to many books on English grammar. Approaching grammar as a semantic system rather than from the more technical morphosyntaxic approach currently favoured in the world of linguistics, this book not only takes the mystery out of English grammar but also answers questions that students (and teachers) ask, providing explanations that teachers can use and students can understand. It pays particular attention to the tricky questions that often baffle speakers of other languages, and even native speakers, such as the use of articles and determiners, or of conjunctions and connectors, or when to use an 's or an of for possession, which past tense to use, and other sometimes confusing points. As a descriptive and pedagogical grammar, it shows by example how English is used today, and explains the principles or rules that define this usage. Descriptive grammar does not mean grammar without rules, but grammar with rules that reflect widely accepted contemporary usage. While these rules are largely based on the norms of written English, they apply too to spoken English, and this book points out significant differences where they exist. A Descriptive Grammar of English is designed to cater specifically to the needs of teachers and students in the real life situations of school, university, home study or language classes; crucially, it sets out to demonstrate how simple the underlying rules of basic English grammar really are, not to show how complicated they can be. It provides clear explanations of the many aspects of English grammar that native speakers seem to master intuitively, but are at a loss to explain. How is it that native speakers seem to know by intuition how to put adjectives in the right order? What's the difference between couldn't have and wasn't able to, and so on? Coherently organised, and with a detailed table of contents, it is a very useful handbook for teachers and students from B1 level
Download or read book Marathi written by Rajeshwari V. Pandharipande and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-09-10 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a complete grammatical description of Marathi, which belongs to the Indo-European family and is spoken in Maharashtra State in India. It has around 45 million speakers, who comprise about eight per cent of the total population of India. Marathi is particularly interesting from the point of view of its structure: it is a blending of linguistic features of the Indo-European and Dravidian language families. Marathi provides fascinating data for the study of language typology, structural change, and language universals.
Download or read book Descriptive Grammar of Bangla written by Anne Boyle David and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2015-06-16 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bangla is spoken as the majority language in Bangladesh and the state of West Bengal in India, and as a minority language in several other Indian states. With almost 200 million native speakers, it ranks among the top ten languages in the world in number of speakers. Based on both primary and secondary materials, the CASL Bangla grammar provides comprehensive coverage of the phonology, orthography, morphology, and syntax of Bangla. Plentiful examples of naturally-occurring sentences provide native orthography, Romanization, and morpheme-by-morpheme glossing along with free translations. Unlike many Romanizations of Bangla, our system eschews Sanskritic influence and instead reflects actual Bangla phonology. We also offer comparative information of use to linguists, highlighting features of Bangla shared with the South Asian sprachbund, such as light verb constructions, as well as those that differentiate Bangla from its Indo-Aryan relatives; for example, its unique NP structure. Written in an accessible style from a theory-neutral perspective, this work will be of use to linguistic researchers, language scholars, and students of Bangla. A formal grammar focusing on the morphology is an available companion work.
Download or read book Fixing English written by Anne Curzan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-05-08 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anne Curzan presents a pioneering new definition of prescriptivism as a linguistic phenomenon.
Download or read book Catching Language written by Felix K. Ameka and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2008-08-22 with total page 671 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Descriptive grammars are our main vehicle for documenting and analysing the linguistic structure of the world's 6,000 languages. They bring together, in one place, a coherent treatment of how the whole language works, and therefore form the primary source of information on a given language, consulted by a wide range of users: areal specialists, typologists, theoreticians of any part of language (syntax, morphology, phonology, historical linguistics etc.), and members of the speech communities concerned. The writing of a descriptive grammar is a major intellectual challenge, that calls on the grammarian to balance a respect for the language's distinctive genius with an awareness of how other languages work, to combine rigour with readability, to depict structural regularities while respecting a corpus of real material, and to represent something of the native speaker's competence while recognising the variation inherent in any speech community. Despite a recent surge of awareness of the need to document little-known languages, there is no book that focusses on the manifold issues that face the author of a descriptive grammar. This volume brings together contributors who approach the problem from a range of angles. Most have written descriptive grammars themselves, but others represent different types of reader. Among the topics they address are: overall issues of grammar design, the complementary roles of outsider and native speaker grammarians, the balance between grammar and lexicon, cross-linguistic comparability, the role of explanation in grammatical description, the interplay of theory and a range of fieldwork methods in language description, the challenges of describing languages in their cultural and historical context, and the tensions between linguistic particularity, established practice of particular schools of linguistic description and the need for a universally commensurable analytic framework. This book will renew the field of grammaticography, addressing a multiple readership of descriptive linguists, typologists, and formal linguists, by bringing together a range of distinguished practitioners from around the world to address these questions.
Download or read book A grammar of Sanzhi Dargwa written by Diana Forker and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on 2020 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sanzhi Dargwa belongs to the Dargwa (Dargi) languages (ISO dar; Glottocode sanz1248) which form a subgroup of the East Caucasian (Nakh-Dagestanian) language family. Sanzhi Dargwa is spoken by approximately 250 speakers and is severely endangered. This book is the first comprehensive descriptive grammar of Sanzhi, written from a typological perspective. It treats all major levels of grammar (phonology, morphology, syntax) and also information structure. Sanzhi Dargwa is structurally similar to other East Caucasian languages, in particular Dargwa languages. It has a relatively large consonant inventory including pharyngeal and ejective consonants. Sanzhi morphology is concatenative and mainly suffixing. The language exhibits a mixture of dependent-marking in the form of a rich case inventory and head-marking in the form of verbal agreement. Nouns are divided into three genders. Verbal inflection conflates tense/aspect/mood/evidentiality in a rich array of synthetic and analytic verb forms as well as participles, converbs, a masdar (verbal noun), and infinitive and some other forms used in analytic tenses and subordinate clauses. Salient traits of the grammar are two independently operating agreement systems: gender/number agreement and person agreement. Within the nominal domain, modifiers agree with the head nominal in gender/number. Agreement within the clausal domain is mainly controlled by the argument in the absolutive case. Person agreement operates only at the clausal level and according to the person hierarchy 1, 2 > 3. Sanzhi has ergative alignment in the form of gender/number agreement and ergative case marking. The most frequent word order at the clause level is SOV, though all other logically possible word orders are also attested. In subordinate clauses, word order is almost exclusively head-final.
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of English Corpus Linguistics written by Douglas Biber and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-06-25 with total page 757 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cambridge Handbook of English Corpus Linguistics (CHECL) surveys the breadth of corpus-based linguistic research on English, including chapters on collocations, phraseology, grammatical variation, historical change, and the description of registers and dialects. The most innovative aspects of the CHECL are its emphasis on critical discussion, its explicit evaluation of the state of the art in each sub-discipline, and the inclusion of empirical case studies. While each chapter includes a broad survey of previous research, the primary focus is on a detailed description of the most important corpus-based studies in this area, with discussion of what those studies found, and why they are important. Each chapter also includes a critical discussion of the corpus-based methods employed for research in this area, as well as an explicit summary of new findings and discoveries.
