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Book Competition and Control during Working Memory

Download or read book Competition and Control during Working Memory written by Anastasia Kiyonaga and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-11-12 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Working memory and perceptual attention are related functions, engaging many similar mechanisms and brain regions. As a consequence, behavioral and neural measures often reveal competition between working memory and attention demands. Yet there remains widespread debate about how working memory operates, and whether it truly shares processes and representations with attention. This Element will examine local-level representational properties to illuminate the storage format of working memory content, as well as systems-level and brain network communication properties to illuminate the attentional processes that control working memory. The Element will integrate both cognitive and neuroscientific accounts, describing shared substrates for working memory and perceptual attention, in a multi-level network architecture that provides robustness to disruptions and allows flexible attentional control in line with goals.

Book Working Memory Capacity

Download or read book Working Memory Capacity written by Nelson Cowan and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2016-04-14 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of one's memory "filling up" is a humorous misconception of how memory in general is thought to work; it actually has no capacity limit. However, the idea of a "full brain" makes more sense with reference to working memory, which is the limited amount of information a person can hold temporarily in an especially accessible form for use in the completion of almost any challenging cognitive task. This groundbreaking book explains the evidence supporting Cowan's theoretical proposal about working memory capacity, and compares it to competing perspectives. Cognitive psychologists profoundly disagree on how working memory is limited: whether by the number of units that can be retained (and, if so, what kind of units and how many), the types of interfering material, the time that has elapsed, some combination of these mechanisms, or none of them. The book assesses these hypotheses and examines explanations of why capacity limits occur, including vivid biological, cognitive, and evolutionary accounts. The book concludes with a discussion of the practical importance of capacity limits in daily life. This 10th anniversary Classic Edition will continue to be accessible to a wide range of readers and serve as an invaluable reference for all memory researchers.

Book Attentional Capture

Download or read book Attentional Capture written by Bradley S. Gibson and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The notion that certain mental or physical events can capture attention has been one of the most enduring topics in the study of attention owing to the importance of understanding how goal-directed and stimulus-driven processes interact in perception and cognition. Despite the clear theoretical and applied importance of attentional capture, a broad survey of this field suggests that the term "capture" means different things to different people. In some cases, it refers to covert shifts of spatial attention, in others involuntary saccades, and in still others general disruption of processing by irrelevant stimuli. The properties that elicit "capture" can also range from abruptly onset or moving lights, to discontinuities in textures, to unexpected tones, to emotionally valenced words or pictures, to directional signs and symbols. Attentional capture has been explored in both the spatial and temporal domains as well as the visual and auditory modalities. There are also a number of different theoretical perspectives on the mechanisms underlying "capture" (both functional and neurophysiological) and the level of cognitive control over capture. This special issue provides a sampling of the diversity of approaches, domains, and theoretical perspectives that currently exist in the study of attentional capture. Together, these contributions should help evaluate the degree to which attentional capture represents a unitary construct that reflects fundamental theoretical principles and mechanisms of the mind.

Book Variation in Working Memory

Download or read book Variation in Working Memory written by Andrew Conway and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-02-13 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Working memory--the ability to keep important information in mind while comprehending, thinking, and acting--varies considerably from person to person and changes dramatically during each person's life. Understanding such individual and developmental differences is crucial because working memory is a major contributor to general intellectual functioning. This volume offers a state-of-the-art, integrative, and comprehensive approach to understanding variation in working memory by presenting explicit, detailed comparisons of the leading theories. It incorporates views from the different research groups that operate on each side of the Atlantic, and covers working-memory research on a wide variety of populations, including healthy adults, children with and without learning difficulties, older adults, and adults and children with neurological disorders. A particular strength of this volume is that each research group explicitly addresses the same set of theoretical questions, from the perspective of both their own theoretical and experimental work and from the perspective of relevant alternative approaches. Through these questions, each research group considers their overarching theory of working memory, specifies the critical sources of working memory variation according to their theory, reflects on the compatibility of their approach with other approaches, and assesses their contribution to general working memory theory. This shared focus across chapters unifies the volume and highlights the similarities and differences among the various theories. Each chapter includes both a summary of research positions and a detailed discussion of each position. Variation in Working Memory achieves coherence across its chapters, while presenting the entire range of current theoretical and experimental approaches to variation in working memory.

Book The Cambridge Handbook of Computational Psychology

Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Computational Psychology written by Ron Sun and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-04-28 with total page 767 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A cutting-edge reference source for the interdisciplinary field of computational cognitive modeling.

Book The Wiley Handbook of Cognitive Control

Download or read book The Wiley Handbook of Cognitive Control written by Tobias Egner and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-20 with total page 629 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering basic theory, new research, and intersections with adjacent fields, this is the first comprehensive reference work on cognitive control – our ability to use internal goals to guide thought and behavior. Draws together expert perspectives from a range of disciplines, including cognitive psychology, neuropsychology, neuroscience, cognitive science, and neurology Covers behavioral phenomena of cognitive control, neuroanatomical and computational models of frontal lobe function, and the interface between cognitive control and other mental processes Explores the ways in which cognitive control research can inform and enhance our understanding of brain development and neurological and psychiatric conditions

Book The Cognitive Neuroscience of Working Memory

Download or read book The Cognitive Neuroscience of Working Memory written by Naoyuki Osaka and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is only relatively recently that it has been possible to study the neural processes that might underlie working memory, leading to a proliferation of research in this domain. This volume brings together leading researchers from around the world to summarise current knowledge of this field.

Book Attention and Memory

    Book Details:
  • Author : Nelson Cowan
  • Publisher : Oxford University Press
  • Release : 1998-01-15
  • ISBN : 0195344251
  • Pages : 342 pages

Download or read book Attention and Memory written by Nelson Cowan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1998-01-15 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Attention and Memory brings together and assesses past and present research on information processing, to formulate a model of this entire system.

Book Working Memory

    Book Details:
  • Author : Robert Logie
  • Publisher : Oxford University Press
  • Release : 2020-11-12
  • ISBN : 0192579649
  • Pages : 465 pages

Download or read book Working Memory written by Robert Logie and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-11-12 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Working memory refers to how we keep track of what we are doing moment to moment throughout our waking lives. It allows us to remember what we have just done, focus on what we are doing now, to solve problems, be creative, think about what we will be doing in the next few seconds, and continually to update in our mind changes around us throughout the day. This book brings together in one volume, state-of-the-science chapters written by the most productive and well known working memory researchers worldwide. Chapters cover different approaches to understanding how working memory works, using behavioural experimental techniques, neuroimaging, computational modelling, how it changes from childhood through to healthy old age, how it is affected by dementia and brain damage, and how it is used in everyday life. A unique feature of the book is that each chapter starts with answers to a set of common questions for all authors. This allows readers very rapidly to compare key differences in theoretical assumptions and approaches to working memory across chapters, and to understand the theoretical context before going on to read each chapter in detail. Uniquely, all authors consider evidence that is not consistent with their theoretical assumptions, whereas it is common for authors to ignore contradictory evidence. This approach leads to new interpretations and new hypotheses to test in future research and greatly enhances our understanding of this crucial human ability. Written and edited by the leading researchers in the field, the book will be an important and influential addition to the memory literature.

Book Persistent Activity in the Brain     Functions and Origin

Download or read book Persistent Activity in the Brain Functions and Origin written by Shintaro Funahashi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-03-07 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Psychiatry

    Book Details:
  • Author : Allan Tasman
  • Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
  • Release : 2011-10-11
  • ISBN : 1119965403
  • Pages : 5440 pages

Download or read book Psychiatry written by Allan Tasman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-10-11 with total page 5440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extensively revised and updated this edition reflects the progress and developments in the field. With 127 chapters and over 400 contributors this book is a truly comprehensive exposition of the specialty of psychiatry. Written by well-known and highly regarded experts from around the world, it takes a patient-centered approach making it an indispensable resource for all those involved in the care of patients with psychiatric disorders. For this new edition, the section on the Neuroscientific Foundations of Psychiatry has been completely revised, with a new author team recruited by Section Editors Jonathan Polan and Eric Kandel. The final section, Special Populations and Clinical Settings, features important new chapters on today’s most urgent topics, including the homeless, restraint and geriatric psychiatry. Key features include: Coverage of the entire field of psychiatry, from psychoanalysis to pharmacology and brain imaging, including family relations, cultural influence and change, epidemiology, genetics and behavioral medicine Clinical vignettes describing current clinical practice in an attractive design Numerous figures and tables that facilitate learning and comprehension appear throughout the text Clear comparisons of the DSM-IV-TR and ICD-10 criteria for easy understanding in a global context Diagnostic and treatment decision trees to help both the novice and experienced reader The chapter on Cognitive Behavioral Therapies by Edward Friedman, Michael Thase and Jesse Wright is freely available. Please click on Read Excerpt 2 above to read this superb exposition of these important therapies.

Book The Psychology of Second Language Acquisition

Download or read book The Psychology of Second Language Acquisition written by Zoltan Dornyei and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-01-10 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Psychology of Second Language Acquisition offers a systematic and accessible overview of the main psychological areas and theories in order to keep abreast of the ongoing paradigm shift.

Book The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Neuroscience  Volume 1

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Neuroscience Volume 1 written by Kevin Ochsner and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-12 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A rich source of authoritative information that supports reading and study in the field of cognitive neuroscience, this two-volume handbook reviews the current state-of-the-science in all major areas of the field.

Book The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Neuroscience  Volume 2

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Neuroscience Volume 2 written by Kevin Ochsner and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A rich source of authoritative information that supports reading and study in the field of cognitive neuroscience, this two-volume handbook reviews the current state-of-the-science in all major areas of the field.

Book Creating and Sustaining Competitive Advantage

Download or read book Creating and Sustaining Competitive Advantage written by Chandra S. Mishra and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-13 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book develops a unified framework to explain the phenomena of competitive advantage and firm value creation in dynamic environments. Through a new strategic value creation theory, it explores how a firm can measure and sustain its competitive advantage through management incentives, capital market forces, organizational culture and structure, and social complexity. It also considers how management can utilize their resources and capabilities, shadow options, product market forces, customer needs, and organizational learning as a means to differentiate them from the competition. With an innovative approach to theory and research, it will be positioned to inform both scholars and practitioners in management, business strategy, and entrepreneurship on the process of competitive and sustainable value creation.

Book Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex

Download or read book Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex written by Shintaro Funahashi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-12-13 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prefrontal cortex is known to play important roles for performing a variety of higher cognitive functions. Among regions of the prefrontal cortex, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex plays the most important roles for these functions. This book focuses on functions of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, summarizes research results obtained mainly by non-human primate studies, and describes neural mechanisms of executive functions that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex participates. First, to understand the feature of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and how its function has been understood, anatomical and functional features of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and historical overview of prefrontal functions are described. To understand functions of the prefrontal cortex and neural mechanisms of executive functions, working memory is an important concept and sustained activation during the memory period of working memory tasks is known as a neural mechanism of working memory. Therefore, this book describes features of sustained memory-related activity based on neurophysiological results obtained in the prefrontal cortex and how memory-related activity contributes to executive functions including control of attention, inhibitory control, task management, and planning. And further, this book describes how the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex contributes to neural mechanisms for sensory and motor processing, memory control in multi-task performance, decision-making, metacognition, and top-down control. Thus, this book provides important information regarding neural mechanisms of dorsolateral prefrontal functions to neuroscientists and helps to plan further investigation to understand prefrontal functions in primates and human subjects.

Book High Performance Training for Sports

Download or read book High Performance Training for Sports written by David Joyce and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2014-06-09 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-Performance Training for Sports changes the landscape of athletic conditioning and sports performance. This groundbreaking work presents the latest and most effective philosophies, protocols and programmes for developing today’s athletes. High-Performance Training for Sports features contributions from global leaders in athletic performance training, coaching and rehabilitation. Experts share the cutting-edge knowledge and techniques they’ve used with Olympians as well as top athletes and teams from the NBA, NFL, MLB, English Premier League, Tour de France and International Rugby. Combining the latest science and research with proven training protocols, High-Performance Training for Sports will guide you in these areas: • Optimise the effectiveness of cross-training. • Translate strength into speed. • Increase aerobic capacity and generate anaerobic power. • Maintain peak conditioning throughout the season. • Minimise the interference effect. • Design energy-specific performance programmes. Whether you are working with high-performance athletes of all ages or with those recovering from injury, High-Performance Training for Sports is the definitive guide for developing all aspects of athletic performance. It is a must-own guide for any serious strength and conditioning coach, trainer, rehabilitator or athlete.