Download or read book Comparison of Residual Stresses in Inconel 718 Simple Parts Made by Electron Beam Melting and Direct Laser Metal Sintering written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Residual stress profiles were mapped using neutron diffraction in two simple prism builds of Inconel 718: one fabricated with electron beam melting and the other with direct laser sintering. Spatially indexed stress-free cubes were obtained by EDM sectioning equivalent prisms of similar shape. The (311) interplanar spacing examined for the EDM sectioned sample was compared to the interplanar spacings calculated to fulfill force and moment balance. We have shown that Applying force and moment balance is a necessary supplement to the measurements for the stress-free cubes with respect to accurate stress calculations in additively manufactured components. In addition, our work has shown that residual stresses in electron beam melting parts are much smaller than that of direct laser metal sintering parts.
Download or read book Electron Beam Melting of Metastable Austenitic Stainless Steel written by Johannes Günther and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-01-01 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary focus of this work is the processing – microstructure – property correlation of EBM manufactured high-alloyed austenitic CrMnNi stainless steel. Independent of the applied process parameters, to this point this alloy exhibits a fine-grained and weak textured microstructure in the as-built state upon EBM processing. As detailed in the literature review, this is opposite to numerous alloys like the benchmark AISI 316L stainless steel, which are commonly characterized by epitaxial growth of columnar grains elongated parallel to building direction. A theory for this unusual observation is presented based on a grain refinement due the process-inherent cyclic heat-treatment, i.e. repetitive reheating and partial melting of the consolidated material due to the energy input during melting of subsequent layers and resulting solid-liquid as well as solid-solid (ferritic bcc to austenitic fcc phase and vice versa) phase transformations. A calculation of the phase diagram, differential thermal II Abstract analysis and the investigation of the uppermost layers of bulky and thin-walled EBM processed structures are conducted to support this assumption. Moreover, the CrMnNi stainless steel specimens are characterized by an outstanding damage tolerance, which is demonstrated by tensile testing and examination of the fracture surfaces revealing large lack-of-fusion defects due to unsuitable process parameters. Combined EBSD and X-ray diffraction analysis attribute the high damage tolerance to a pronounced strain hardening and mitigation of the effect of defects due to the transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect. The deformation-induced martensitic transformation and associated strain hardening has also been correlated to a considerable low-cycle fatigue performance even under the presence of large inhomogeneities. The chemical composition of the alloy upon EBM processing is strongly dependent on the process parameters, i.e. it is demonstrated that the evaporation rate of Mn varies with the scan strategy and volumetric energy density. This phenomenon is utilized for the fabrication of homogeneous specimens with different Mn concentrations and resulting mechanical properties.These findings are subsequently employed for a prove-of-concept of the possibility to produce functionally graded material by a spatial adjustment of the scan strategy throughout the layer-wise built-up of objects. This is a novel approach for the synthetization of functionally graded materials based on the processing of one homogenous precursor powder feedstock. In summary, the particular CrMnNi stainless steel is introduced as a novel alloy design for AM because it addresses current material-related issues inherent in layer-wise technologies and potentially further contributes to the exploitation of the full potential of AM.
Download or read book Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Superalloy 718 Derivatives Energy Aerospace and Industrial Applications written by Eric Ott and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-12 with total page 1092 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This technical meeting will focus on Alloy 718 and Superalloys in this class relative to alloy and process development, production, product applications, trends and the development of advanced modeling tools. The symposium provides an opportunity for authors to present technical advancements relative to a broad spectrum of areas while assessing their impact on related fields associated with this critical alloy group. There are continuing innovations relative to these alloys as well as novel processing techniques which continue to extend applications in very challenging environments ranging from corrosion resistance in the deep sea to high-stressed space applications.
Download or read book Additive Manufacturing of High Performance Metallic Materials written by Robert Pederson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-09-19 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Additive Manufacturing of High-Performance Metallic Materials outlines the state-of-the-art on AM in high performance materials utilizing the two most industrially interesting routes of powder bed fusion (PBF) and directed energy deposition (DED). The book delves into Feedstock, Processing, Monitoring and control, Modeling and simulation, and Surface and thermal post-treatments. It specifically addresses materials and the most relevant and high performance applications, namely Ni-based alloys and Titanium alloys, and also provides insights into potential applications through illustrative case studies. With each chapter contributed by experts in the field, this work will serve as a comprehensive resource for graduate students and practitioners alike. Covers the entire value chain relevant to additive manufacturing spanning feedstock, processing, monitoring, post-treatment, testing and applications Includes the fundamental understanding of varied associated aspects derived from both extensive experimental knowledge and theoretical investigations Addresses key materials relevant to varied high performance applications, namely Superalloys and Ni-based alloys
Download or read book Quality Analysis of Additively Manufactured Metals written by Javad Kadkhodapour and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-11-30 with total page 858 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quality Analysis of Additively Manufactured Metals: Simulation Approaches, Processes, and Microstructure Properties provides readers with a firm understanding of the failure and fatigue processes of additively manufactured metals. With a focus on computational methods, the book analyzes the process-microstructure-property relationship of these metals and how it affects their quality while also providing numerical, analytical, and experimental data for material design and investigation optimization. It outlines basic additive manufacturing processes for metals, strategies for modeling the microstructural features of metals and how these features differ based on the manufacturing process, and more.Improvement of additively manufactured metals through predictive simulation methods and microdamage and micro-failure in quasi-static and cyclic loading scenarios are covered, as are topology optimization methods and residual stress analysis techniques. The book concludes with a section featuring case studies looking at additively manufactured metals in automotive, biomedical and aerospace settings. Provides insights and outlines techniques for analyzing why additively manufactured metals fail and strategies for avoiding those failures Defines key terms and concepts related to the failure analysis, quality assurance and optimization processes of additively manufactured metals Includes simulation results, experimental data and case studies
Download or read book Metallic Biomaterials Processing and Medical Device Manufacturing written by Cuie Wen and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2020-08-20 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metallic Biomaterials Processing and Medical Device Manufacturing details the principles and practices of the technologies used in biomaterials processing and medical device manufacturing. The book reviews the main categories of metallic biomaterials and the essential considerations in design and manufacturing of medical devices. It bridges the gap between the designing of biomaterials and manufacturing of medical devices including requirements and standards. Main themes of the book include, manufacturing, coatings and surface modifications of medical devices, metallic biomaterials and their mechanical behaviour, degradation, testing and characterization, and quality controls, standards and FDA regulations of medical devices. The leading experts in the filed discuss the requirements, challenges, recent progresses and future research directions in the processing of materials and manufacturing of medical devices. Metallic Biomaterials Processing and Medical Device Manufacturing is ideal for those working in the disciplines of materials science, manufacturing, biomedical engineering, and mechanical engineering. Reviews key topics of biomaterials processing for medical device applications including metallic biomaterials and their mechanical behavior, degradation, testing and characterization Bridges the gap between biomaterials design and medical device manufacturing Discusses the quality controls, standards, and FDA requirements for biomaterials and medical devices
Download or read book Springer Handbook of Additive Manufacturing written by Eujin Pei and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-11-25 with total page 994 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook is the ultimate definitive guide that covers key fundamentals and advanced applications for Additive Manufacturing. The Handbook has been structured into seven sections, comprising of a thorough Introduction to Additive Manufacturing; Design and Data; Processes; Materials; Post-processing, Testing and Inspection; Education and Training; and Applications and Case Study Examples. The general principles and functional relationships are described in each chapter and supplemented with industry use cases. The aim of this book is to help designers, engineers and manufacturers understand the state-of-the-art developments in the field of Additive Manufacturing. Although this book is primarily aimed at students and educators, it will appeal to researchers and industrial professionals working with technology users, machine or component manufacturers to help them make better decisions in the implementation of Additive Manufacturing and its applications.
Download or read book Additive Manufacturing Technologies and Applications written by Salvatore Brischetto and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-07-09 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Additive Manufacturing Technologies and Applications" that was published in Technologies
Download or read book Additive Manufacturing of Metal Alloys 1 written by Patrice Peyre and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-09-07 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last decade or so, additive manufacturing has revolutionized design and manufacturing methods by allowing more freedom in design and functionalities unattainable with conventional processes. This has generated extraordinarily high interest in both industrial and academic communities. Additive Manufacturing of Metal Alloys 1 puts forward a state of the art of additive manufacturing and its different processes, from metallic raw materials (in the form of powder or wire) to their properties after elaboration. It analyzes the physics and the modelling of existing AM processes as well as future elaboration processes. Using a balanced approach encapsulating basic notions and more advanced aspects for each theme, this book acts as a metal additive manufacturing textbook, as useful to professionals in the field as to the general public.
Download or read book Additively Manufactured Inconel 718 written by Dunyong Deng and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2018-01-24 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, has gained significant interest in aerospace, energy, automotive and medical industries due to its capabilities of manufacturing components that are either prohibitively costly or impossible to manufacture by conventional processes. Among the various additive manufacturing processes for metallic components, electron beam melting (EBM) and selective laser melting (SLM) are two of the most widely used powder bed based processes, and have shown great potential for manufacturing high-end critical components, such as turbine blades and customized medical implants. The futures of the EBM and SLM are doubtlessly promising, but to fully realize their potentials there are still many challenges to overcome. Inconel 718 (IN718) is a nickel-base superalloy and has impressive combination of good mechanical properties and low cost. Though IN718 is being mostly used as a turbine disk material now, the initial introduction of IN718 was to overcome the poor weldability of superalloys in 1960s, since sluggish precipitation of strengthening phases ?’/?’’ enables good resistance to strain-age cracking during welding or post weld heat treatment. Given the similarity between AM and welding processes, IN718 has been widely applied to the metallic AM field to facilitate the understandings of process-microstructure-property relationships. The work presented in this licentiate thesis aims to better understand microstructures and mechanical properties EBM and SLM IN718, which have not been systematically investigated. Microstructures of EBM and SLM IN718 have been characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and correlated with the process conditions. Monotonic mechanical properties (e.g., Vickers microhardness and tensile properties) have also been measured and rationalized with regards to the microstructure evolutions before and after heat treatments. For EBM IN718, the results show the microstructure is not homogeneous but dependant on the location in the components, and the anisotropic mechanical properties are probably attributed to alignment of porosities rather than texture. Post heat treatment can slightly increase the mechanical strength compared to the as-manufactured condition but does not alter the anisotropy. SLM IN718 shows significantly different microstructure and mechanical properties to EBM IN718. The as-manufactured SLM IN718 has very fine dendritic microstructure and Laves phases in the interdendrites, and is “work-hardened” by the residual strains and dislocations present in the material. Mechanical properties are different between horizontally and vertically built samples, and heat treatment can minimize this difference. Results from this licentiate thesis provide the basis for the further research on the cyclic mechanical properties of EBM and SLM IN718, which would be the focus of following phase of the Ph.D. research.
Download or read book Additive Manufacturing Materials Processes Quantifications and Applications written by Jing Zhang and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2018-05-17 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Additive Manufacturing: Materials, Processes, Quantifications and Applications is designed to explain the engineering aspects and physical principles of available AM technologies and their most relevant applications. It begins with a review of the recent developments in this technology and then progresses to a discussion of the criteria needed to successfully select an AM technology for the embodiment of a particular design, discussing material compatibility, interfaces issues and strength requirements. The book concludes with a review of the applications in various industries, including bio, energy, aerospace and electronics. This book will be a must read for those interested in a practical, comprehensive introduction to additive manufacturing, an area with tremendous potential for producing high-value, complex, individually customized parts. As 3D printing technology advances, both in hardware and software, together with reduced materials cost and complexity of creating 3D printed items, these applications are quickly expanding into the mass market. Includes a discussion of the historical development and physical principles of current AM technologies Exposes readers to the engineering principles for evaluating and quantifying AM technologies Explores the uses of Additive Manufacturing in various industries, most notably aerospace, medical, energy and electronics
Download or read book Additive Manufacturing Handbook written by Adedeji B. Badiru and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-05-19 with total page 937 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theoretical and practical interests in additive manufacturing (3D printing) are growing rapidly. Engineers and engineering companies now use 3D printing to make prototypes of products before going for full production. In an educational setting faculty, researchers, and students leverage 3D printing to enhance project-related products. Additive Manufacturing Handbook focuses on product design for the defense industry, which affects virtually every other industry. Thus, the handbook provides a wide range of benefits to all segments of business, industry, and government. Manufacturing has undergone a major advancement and technology shift in recent years.
Download or read book Orthopedic Biomaterials written by Bingyun Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-17 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the latest progress in the biology and manufacturing of orthopedic biomaterials, as well as key industry perspectives. Topics covered include the development of biomaterial-based medical products for orthopedic applications, anti-infection technologies for orthopedic implants, additive manufacturing of orthopedic implants, and more. This is an ideal book for graduate students, researchers and professionals working with orthopedic biomaterials and tissue engineering. This book also: Provides an industry perspective on technologies to prevent orthopedic implant related infection Thoroughly covers how to modulate innate inflammatory reactions in the application of orthopedic biomaterials Details the state-of-the-art research on 3D printed porous bone constructs
Download or read book Additive Manufacturing of Metal Alloys 2 written by Patrice Peyre and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-08-29 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Additive Manufacturing written by Ajay Kumar and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-11-24 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited book is a compilation of scholarly articles on the latest developments in the field of additive manufacturing, discussing nature-inspired and artificial intelligence–aided additive manufactured processes for different materials including biomanufacturing, and their applications, as well as various methods to enhance the characteristics of the materials produced, the efficiency of the manufacturing process itself, as well as optimal ways to develop a product in minimum time. The book explores the advancements in additive manufacturing from prefabrication stage to final product, with real-time defect detection, control, and process efficiency improvement covered. This book will be a great resource for engineers, researchers, and academics involved in this revolutionary and unique field of manufacturing. Discusses modeling of additive manufacturing processes by artificial intelligence Looks at the optimization of designs, technologies, and material fabrication and the use of simulation in additive manufacturing Includes case studies and real-world industrial problems and solutions
Download or read book Investigation of the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in Additive Manufactured Inconel 718 by Direct Metal Laser Sintering DMLS System written by Bryton L. Farber and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Additive Manufacturing (AM) has evolved since its inception around the 1970s. This type of manufacturing essentially builds a part by fusing material powder with the use of a laser or electron beam. Certain processing parameters, such as the scanning speed of the laser, the overlap rate of melt tracks and the incremental layer height control the final structure of the part and thus their mechanical properties. Prototype and single use parts were at the forefront of use for AM, however, in recent years the technology has developed to take the next step into production parts for use in real-world applications. One common material used for high temperature and corrosive environments is Inconel 718. This material is a nickel-based alloy typically used in different areas of the aerospace and energy industries. The mechanical properties of Inconel 718 produced through AM methods have proven to not match those produced through conventional means. Since these processed are new to the manufacturing world, it is important to understand where the loss in properties come from but also, and perhaps more importantly, how to make improvements. In this study, standard processing methods were implemented and their effects examined from changes of microstructure to mechanical properties. Generally, a textured columnar microstructure (of varying sizes) developed from the building process. A typical solution and aging treatment used for wrought Inconel 718 produced a non-normal precipitate structure which led to high mechanical strengths. By way of Hot Isostatic Pressing, the microstructure under goes a reecrystallization process, altering some of the properties including texture and , with it the elastic modulus for the better, while other properties such as hardness and yield strength were diminished.
Download or read book Introduction to the Characterization of Residual Stress by Neutron Diffraction written by M.T. Hutchings and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-02-28 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past 25 years the field of neutron diffraction for residual stress characterization has grown tremendously, and has matured from the stage of trial demonstrations to provide a practical tool with widespread applications in materials science and engineering. While the literature on the subject has grown commensurately, it has also remained
