Download or read book Comparative Energy and Cost Analysis Between Conventional HVAC Systems and Geothermal Heat Pump Systems written by David D. Vanderburg and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To sustain the United States current affluence and strength, the U.S. Government has encouraged energy conservation through executive orders, federal and local laws, and consumer education. A substantial reduction in U.S. energy consumption could be realized by using geothermal heat pumps to heat and cool buildings throughout the U.S., though initial installation cost are a deterrent. This thesis uses Monte Carlo simulation to predict energy consumption, life cycle cost and payback period for the vertical closed-loop ground source heat pump (GSHP) relative to conventional heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems: air-source heat pumps (ASHP), air-cooled air conditioning with either natural gas, fuel oil, or liquid petroleum gas furnaces, or with electrical resistance heating. The Monte Carlo simulation is performed for a standard commercial office building within each of the 48 continental states. Regardless of the conventional HVAC system chosen, the simulation shows that for each state the GSHP has the highest probability of using less energy and having a lower operating and life cycle cost than conventional HVAC systems; however, initial installation cost are typically twice that of conventional HVAC systems and payback periods vary greatly depending on site conditions. The average 50th percentile GSHP payback period in the U.S. was 7.5 years compared against the ASHP and 9.2 years compared against the air-cooled air conditioning with natural gas furnace. However, these values vary greatly depending on location and are most sensitivity to ground thermal conductivity, utility prices, and HVAC efficiency ratings. Under the right conditions, payback for geothermal heat pumps can be much shorter and the model developed in this research can help predict energy savings and payback periods for a given site.

Download or read book COMPARATIVE STUDY AMONG HYBRID GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMP SYSTEM COMPLETE GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMP AND CONVENTIONAL HVAC SYSTEM written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, a hotel with hybrid geothermal heat pump system (HyGSHP) in the Pensacola is selected and simulated by the transient simulation software package TRNSYS [1]. To verify the simulation results, the validations are conducted by using the monthly average entering water temperature, monthly facility consumption data, and etc. And three types of HVAC systems are compared based on the same building model and HVAC system capacity. The results are presented to show the advantages and disadvantages of HyGSHP compared with the other two systems in terms of energy consumptions, life cycle cost analysis.

Download or read book An Economic Comparison of Geothermal and Conventional Heating Systems for Greenhouse Operations written by Elizabeth Dawn Miller and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Field Comparison of Conventional HVAC Systems with a Residential Gas engine driven Heat Pump written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through its Office of Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP), the US Department of Energy (DOE) provides technical and administrative support to federal agency programs directed at reducing energy consumption and cost in federal buildings and facilities. One such program is the New Technology Demonstration Program (NTDP). In this context, NTDP is a demonstration of a US energy-related technology at a federal site. Through a partnership with a federal site, the utility serving the site, a manufacturer of an energy-related technology, and other organizations associated with these interests, DOE can evaluate new technologies. The partnership of these interests is secured through a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA). The Fort Sam Houston (San Antonio, Texas) NTDP is a field evaluation of a 3-ton gas-engine-driven residential heat pump. Details of the technical approach used in the evaluation, including instrumentation and methodology, are presented. Dynamic performance maps, based on field data, are developed for the existing residential furnaces and air conditioners at Fort Sam Houston. These maps are the basis for comparisons between the candidate and current equipment. The approach offers advantages over pre/post-measure evaluations by decoupling the measured equipment performance from the effects of different envelope characteristics, occupant behavior, and weather.

Download or read book Geothermal Energy written by Marc A. Rosen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-01-30 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensively covers geothermal energy systems that utilize ground energy in conjunction with heat pumps to provide sustainable heating and cooling The book describes geothermal energy systems that utilize ground energy in conjunction with heat pumps and related technologies to provide heating and cooling. Also discussed are methods to model and assess such systems, as well as means to determine potential environmental impacts of geothermal energy systems and their thermal interaction. The book presents the most up-to-date information in the area. It provides material on a range of topics, from thermodynamic concepts to more advanced discussions of the renewability and sustainability of geothermal energy systems. Numerous applications of such systems are also provided. Geothermal Energy: Sustainable Heating and Cooling Using the Ground takes a research orientated approach to provide coverage of the state of the art and emerging trends, and includes numerous illustrative examples and case studies. Theory and analysis are emphasized throughout, with detailed descriptions of models available for vertical and horizontal geothermal heat exchangers. Key features: Explains geothermal energy systems that utilize ground energy in conjunction with heat pumps to provide heating and cooling, as well as related technologies such as thermal energy storage. Describes and discusses methods to model and analyze geothermal energy systems, and to determine their potential environmental impacts and thermal interactions. Covers various applications of geothermal energy systems. Takes a research orientated approach to provide coverage of the state of the art and emerging trends. Includes numerous illustrative examples and case studies. The book is key for researchers and practitioners working in geothermal energy, as well as graduate and advanced undergraduate students in departments of mechanical, civil, chemical, energy, environmental, process and industrial engineering.

Download or read book Residential Building Energy Use and HVAC System Comparison Study written by Ryan Duwain Warren and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this study was to evaluate alternative heating and cooling approaches for a non-typical residence including geothermal and radiant floor heating technology. The analysis included four main components: estimating the design heating and cooling loads of the home, developing alternative approaches for heating and cooling the residence, designing an hourly energy use and heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) system performance simulation model for the home over a period of one year, and estimating economic factors for each alternative system. Four alternative approaches for conditioning the case study home were developed and evaluated. These alternatives include systems that utilize either a water-to-air ground-source geothermal heat pump or a liquid-propane gas furnace for the forced air conditioning and either an electric boiler, liquid propane boiler, or a water-to-water ground-source geothermal heat pump for hydronic heating. Using the design heating and cooling loads on the home, specific equipment for each alternative was selected. The hourly energy demand on the home was simulated considering conduction heat transfer through the structure, solar loads, infiltration effects, and internal gain. The HVAC system model estimates the hourly performance of each alternative system given the hourly demand on the home. In addition, the approximate monthly and annual costs associated with each system were determined. Typical Meteorological Year (TMY2) data was used to estimate hourly weather and solar conditions expected at the geographical location of the home over a one year period. The economics for each alternative approach was evaluated based on a life-cycle-cost analysis. All annual expenses and savings for each approach were estimated over the assumed life of each system. The present-value and payback-period for each system was determined and compared. It was found that the approach utilizing a ground-source geothermal heat pump and electric hydronic boiler would be the most economical.

Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 852 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Geothermal Heat Pump Systems written by David Borge-Diez and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-21 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an overview of geothermal heating systems using ground source heat pumps in different countries. It evaluates the emissions and energy costs generated by the operation of low enthalpy geothermal systems, with heat pumps fed by different energy sources, and assesses, from an international point of view, those policies whose aim is a sustainable, low-carbon economy. The use of low-impact energy sources is gradually growing with the aim of reducing greenhouse gases emission and air pollution. The alternatives offered by geothermal systems are one of the key solutions for a future renewable development, enabling the electrification of heating systems and the use of biofuels. The book will be of interest to energy professionals and researchers.

Download or read book The Economics of Heat Pump Systems written by Cary Jonathon Lane and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heat pump systems are becoming a popular choice for residential heating and cooling across the United States. Heat pumps are among the cleanest and best energy- and cost-efficient heating and cooling systems available today. However, cost is a prime motivator when choosing among residential heating and cooling systems and it is therefore desirable to analyze the costs associated with heat pump system operation. This research provides a method of direct comparison between the economics of air-source and ground-source heat pump system operation. The objective is to provide a cost comparison with respect to climate locations across the United States, since heat pump performance is heavily influenced by operating environmental conditions such as the ambient air temperature. A purely analytical approach is used for the comparison, avoiding the complexities and costs associated with surveys or experiments, and obtaining actual utility information. Heat pump systems are briefly surveyed, and the thermodynamic operation of vapor compression refrigeration cycles is examined. Analytic models are developed to simulate heating and cooling operation of dual-mode air- and ground-source heat pumps based upon readily available climate data. Finally, a cost ratio relationship is developed to directly compare the associated operating costs for air- and ground-source heat pump systems for a 31 city sample covering much of the continental United States. The annual cost ratio provides the opportunity to evaluate potential cost savings for the operation of air- or ground-source heat pump installations.

Download or read book Commercial Earth Energy Systems written by CANMET Energy Technology Centre (Canada) and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An earth energy system (EES) is a type of heat pump system that uses the ground or groundwater as a source of energy. This guide provides information needed to understand, plan, oversee, design, build, and manage an EES for heating & cooling applications in commercial & institutional buildings. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to EESs, what they are, where they make the most sense, how they work, and their economics as compared to other heating, ventilating, & air conditioning systems. Chapter 2 describes the different configurations or types of EESs and factors to be considered when selecting an EES. It also introduces the energy efficiency descriptors for heat pumps used in EESs and discusses the importance of energy efficiency in other aspects of buildings. Chapter 3 provides a brief overview of an EES design. Chapter 4 examines other important matters unique to EESs, such as environmental & legal considerations and planning, installation, & maintenance issues. Chapter 5 contains a detailed examination of topics pertaining to heat pump performance & efficiency. Chapter 6 discusses the evaluation & calculation of building loads & energy use. Chapter 7 explains the requirements for sizing heat pumps and ground heat exchangers, and includes sample calculations. Chapter 8 outlines factors to consider in the analysis of an EES investment and includes an economic & financial calculation example. The final chapter addresses practical issues that should be considered in EES design & installation. It also provides a sample performance specification and a list of important information to obtain from suppliers & contractors. Appendices include EES case studies and a glossary.

Download or read book Heat Pump Centered Integrated Community Energy Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heat Pump Centered-Integrated Community Energy Systems (HP-ICES) show the promise of utilizing low-grade thermal energy for low-quality energy requirements such as space heating and cooling. The Heat Pump - Wastewater Heat Recovery (HP-WHR) scheme is one approach to an HP-ICES that proposes to reclaim low-grade thermal energy from a community's wastewater effluent. The concept of an HP-WHR system is developed, the potential performance and economics of such a system is evaluated and the potential for application is examined. A thermodynamic performance analysis of a hypothetical system projects an overall system coefficient of performance (C.O.P.) of from 2.181 to 2.264 for wastewater temperatures varying from 50°F to 80°F. Primary energy source savings from the implementation of this system is projected to be 5.014 QUADS, or the energy equivalent of 687 millions tons of coal, from 1980 to the year 2000. Economic analysis shows the HP-WHR scheme to be cost-competitive, on the basis of a net present value life cycle cost comparison, with conventional residential and light commercial HVAC systems.

Download or read book Ground Source Heat Pumps Vs Conventional HVAC written by Paul W. Fredin and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Life Cycle Costing for Engineers written by B.S. Dhillon and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-10-26 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cradle-to-grave analyses are becoming the norm, as an increasing amount of corporations and government agencies are basing their procurement decisions not only on initial costs but also on life cycle costs. And while life cycle costing has been covered in journals and conference proceedings, few, if any, books have gathered this information into an

Download or read book Heating and Cooling with Ground Source Heat Pumps in Moderate and Cold Climates Two Volume Set written by Vasile Minea and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-07-30 with total page 841 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heating and Cooling with Ground-Source Heat Pumps in Moderate and Cold Climates, Two-Volume Set focuses on the use of very low-temperature geothermal energy for heating and cooling residential, institutional, and industrial buildings, and aims to increase the design community’s awareness and knowledge of the benefits, design, and installation requirements of commercial/institutional building ground-source heat pumps (GSHP). This set helps readers assess applicability, select a GSHP system type, and estimate building thermal load to ensure proper size for ground-source subsystems, appropriate brine and groundwater flow rates, and apt design of building closed-loops with distributed or central geothermal heat pumps. The first volume addresses fundamentals and design principles of vertical and horizontal indirect and direct expansion closed-loop, as well as ground- and surface-water ground-source heat pump systems. It explains the thermodynamic aspects of mechanical and thermochemical compression cycles of geothermal heat pumps, as well as the energetic, economic, and environmental aspects associated with the use of ground-source heat pump systems for heating and cooling residential and commercial/institutional buildings in moderate and cold climates. The second volume focuses on applications and cases studies of ground-source heat pumps in moderate and cold climates. It details technical aspects, as well as the most common and uncommon application fields of basic system configurations. The principles of system integrations and applications in moderate and cold climates are also presented, each followed by case studies. This comprehensive work is aimed at designers of HVAC systems, as well as geological, mechanical, and chemical engineers implementing environmentally-friendly heating and cooling technologies for buildings.

Download or read book Monitored Energy Use of Homes with Geothermal Heat Pumps written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The performance of residential geothermal heat pumps (GHPs) was assessed by comparing heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system and whole house energy use of GHP houses and control houses. Actual energy savings were calculated and compared to expected savings (based on ARI ratings and literature) and predicted savings (based on coefficient of performance - COP - measurements). Differences between GHP and control houses were normalized for heating degree days and floor area or total insulation value. Predicted savings were consistently slightly below expected savings but within the range of performance cited by the industry. Average rated COP was 3.4. Average measured COP was 3.1. Actual savings were inconsistent and sometimes significantly below predicted savings. No correlation was found between actual savings and actual energy use. This suggests that factors such as insulation and occupant behavior probably have greater impact on energy use than type of HVAC equipment. There was also no clear correlation between climate and actual savings or between climate and actual energy use. There was a trend between GHP installation date and savings. Newer units appear to have lower savings than some of the older units which is opposite of what one would expect given the increase in rated efficiencies of GHPs. There are a number of explanations for why actual savings are repeatedly below rated savings or predicted savings. Poor ground loop sizing or installation procedures could be an issue. Given that performance is good compared to ASHPs but poor compared to electric resistance homes, the shortfall in savings could be due to duct leakage. The takeback effect could also be a reason for lower than expected savings. Occupants of heat pump homes are likely to heat more rooms and to use more air-conditioning than occupants of electric resistance homes. 10 refs., 17 figs., 10 tabs.

Download or read book Solar Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 884 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Using Value Focused Thinking to Evaluate the Practicality of Ground Source Heat Pumps at Military Installations written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of potential cost and energy savings, military decision-makers may want to consider the use of energy-efficient heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems at their installations. Ground source heat pumps (GSHPs), in particular, show great promise because of their low energy requirements and low life-cycle costs. However, there currently exists no design guidance or established criteria for HVAC selection. Consequently, military decision-makers have no basis for comparing conventional HVAC systems and GSHPs. The Value-Focused Thinking (VFT) methodology was used to create a multi-objective decision analysis model that measures the value of different HVAC systems. Consisting of five bottom-tier values and twelve measures, the model captures the Air Force's objectives regarding its selection of HVAC systems. Using data collected from three different Air Force bases, the model was used to evaluate four HVAC alternatives (three conventional and one GSHP alternative) at each location. Sensitivity analysis was also conducted to provide additional insight into the HVAC selection process. The results of this research indicate that GSHPs are a viable option and should be considered at military installations. Further, the results prove that the VFT model can be an effective decision analysis tool for HVAC selection.