Download or read book Compact Gamma Camera System for Breast Cancer Imaging written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this project we have developed a compact solid-state gamma camera specifically designed to image metabolically active tumors in the breast and axillary nodes with the highest possible detection efficiency and spatial resolution. We have assembled final versions of all major components of the proposed compact solid- state gamma camera: collimators, CsI(Tl) scintillator arrays, special low-noise silicon photodiode arrays, and custom integrated circuit readout chips. A prototype 64-pixel detector module was successfully assembled and images of point sources were acquired with this 64 pixel camera. Based on results to date, it appears that our compact camera design will yield very similar performance to traditional SPECT cameras. However, for the application of breast and axillary node imaging, our compact design will have the advantages of: (1) more potential imaging angles, (2) shorter imaging distances and hence higher image quality, and (3) lower cost, making the camera more readily available. Once completed, the new camera may help make scintimammography widely available as a valuable complement to traditional breast cancer screening and diagnostic techniques.
Download or read book Gamma Cameras for Interventional and Intraoperative Imaging written by Alan C. Perkins and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-11-03 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gamma cameras are traditionally large devices that are situated in nuclear medicine departments, but recent advances in detector design have enabled the production of compact gamma cameras that allow nuclear imaging at the patient bedside and in the operating theatre. Gamma Cameras for Interventional and Intraoperative Imaging is the first book to cover this new area of imaging, and provides a unique insight into the experimental and clinical use of small field of view gamma cameras in hospitals. This book explores advances in the design and operation of compact gamma cameras and conducts a thorough review of current SFOV systems, before exploring the clinical applications of the technology. It is an essential reference for surgeons, operating theatre staff, clinical scientists (medical physicists), technologists, nuclear physicians and radiologists whose patients could benefit from this technology.
Download or read book A Compact Discrete CsI T1 Scintillator Si Photodiode Gamma Camera for Breast Cancer Imaging written by Gregory Jerome Gruber and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Optimization of Breast Imaging Procedure with Dedicated Compact Gamma Cameras written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Results are presented on studies conducted with various prototypes of a dedicated small field-of-view (SFOV) gamma camera for use in radiopharmaceutical studies of the breast. Since the experience in the clinical use of such instruments is limited, these experiments were conducted to test various clinical imaging implementations. Both planar and tomographic techniques were utilized to image various compressed and noncompressed breast phantoms. Lesion contrast was used to quantify the lesion visibility of each case. The results of this study indicate that lesion contrast is optimized with planar imaging of the compressed breast and that contrast is also dependent on lesion-to-detector distance. Based on these observations, planar imaging conducted with a system comprised of two opposed detectors providing compression to the breast would be optimal. The opposed views would ensure the minimization of lesion-to-detector distance, especially for lesions whose location is not known a-priori.
Download or read book A Compact Discrete CsI Tl Scintillator Si Photodiode Gamma Camera for Breast Cancer Imaging written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent clinical evaluations of scintimammography (radionuclide breast imaging) are promising and suggest that this modality may prove a valuable complement to X-ray mammography and traditional breast cancer detection and diagnosis techniques. Scintimammography, however, typically has difficulty revealing tumors that are less than 1 cm in diameter, are located in the medial part of the breast, or are located in the axillary nodes. These shortcomings may in part be due to the use of large, conventional Anger cameras not optimized for breast imaging. In this thesis I present compact single photon camera technology designed specifically for scintimammography which strives to alleviate some of these limitations by allowing better and closer access to sites of possible breast tumors. Specific applications are outlined. The design is modular, thus a camera of the desired size and geometry can be constructed from an array (or arrays) of individual modules and a parallel hole lead collimator for directional information. Each module consists of: (1) an array of 64 discrete, optically-isolated CsI(Tl) scintillator crystals 3 x 3 x 5 mm3 in size, (2) an array of 64 low-noise Si PIN photodiodes matched 1-to-1 to the scintillator crystals, (3) an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) that amplifies the 64 photodiode signals and selects the signal with the largest amplitude, and (4) connectors and hardware for interfacing the module with a motherboard, thereby allowing straightforward computer control of all individual modules within a camera.
Download or read book Dual Modality Imaging System for Breast Cancer Research written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 25-40% of the general female population with radiodense breast parenchyma, clinically occult lesions may be invisible in the screen-film mammogram. Even if suspicious masses are detected, determination of the benign or malignant nature of a mass is often impossible from the x-ray image. There is thus a need for diagnostic procedures that can noninvasively help characterize suspicious breast lesions. Scintimammography is an imaging technique that shows promise as an adjunct diagnostic tool in problem solving mammography, for monitoring recurrence after surgery, and in the assessment of multidrug-resistance. However, because clinical Anger cameras have only moderate spatial resolution and are difficult to position close to the breast, small lesions are difficult to detect. In addition, no direct means exists of correlating mammographic and scintigraphic information because of the significantly different shape of the breast in mammography (compressed) and scintimammography (prone, pendulant). We are developing an imaging system that overcomes these problems by combining digital x-ray mammography and gamma emission scintigraphy in a single, integrated system. The system is mounted on a standard upright mammography unit, and can easily be placed in a typical mammography room, providing accessibility even for small breast imaging clinics not associated with major medical centers.
Download or read book New Compact Gamma Camera for Prostate Cancer Imaging written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Compact CdZnTe BASED Gamma Camera for Prostate Cancer Imaging written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, we discuss the design of a compact gamma camera for high-resolution prostate cancer imaging using Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CdZnTe or CZT) radiation detectors. Prostate cancer is a common disease in men. Nowadays, a blood test measuring the level of prostate specific antigen (PSA) is widely used for screening for the disease in males over 50, followed by (ultrasound) imaging-guided biopsy. However, PSA tests have a high false-positive rate and ultrasound-guided biopsy has a high likelihood of missing small cancerous tissues. Commercial methods of nuclear medical imaging, e.g. PET and SPECT, can functionally image the organs, and potentially find cancer tissues at early stages, but their applications in diagnosing prostate cancer has been limited by the smallness of the prostate gland and the long working distance between the organ and the detectors comprising these imaging systems. CZT is a semiconductor material with wide band-gap and relatively high electron mobility, and thus can operate at room temperature without additional cooling. CZT detectors are photon-electron direct-conversion devices, thus offering high energy-resolution in detecting gamma rays, enabling energy-resolved imaging, and reducing the background of Compton-scattering events. In addition, CZT material has high stopping power for gamma rays; for medical imaging, a few-mm-thick CZT material provides adequate detection efficiency for many SPECT radiotracers. Because of these advantages, CZT detectors are becoming popular for several SPECT medical-imaging applications. Most recently, we designed a compact gamma camera using CZT detectors coupled to an application-specific-integrated-circuit (ASIC). This camera functions as a trans-rectal probe to image the prostate gland from a distance of only 1-5 cm, thus offering higher detection efficiency and higher spatial resolution. Hence, it potentially can detect prostate cancers at their early stages. The performance tests of this camera have been completed. The results show better than 6-mm resolution at a distance of 1 cm. Details of the test results are discussed in this paper.
Download or read book Evaluation of a High resolution Breast specific Small field of view Gamma Camera for the Detection of Breast Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose: The purpose of our study is to review the state of the art in nuclear medicine imaging of the breast (scintimammography) and to evaluate a novel, high-resolution, breast-specific gamma camera (HRBGC) for the detection of suspicious breast lesions. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients with 58 breast lesions in whom a scintimammogram was clinically indicated were prospectively evaluated with a general-purpose gamma camera and a HRBGC prototype. Nuclear studies were prospectively classified as negative (normal/benign) or positive (suspicious/malignant) by two radiologists, blinded to mammographic and histologic results with both the conventional and high-resolution. All lesions were confirmed by pathology. Results: Included in this study were 30 benign and 28 malignant lesions. The sensitivity for detection of breast cancer was 64.3% (18/28) with the conventional camera and 78.6% (22/28) with the HRBGC. Specificity of both systems was 93.3% (28/30). In the 18 nonpalpable cancers, sensitivity was 55.5% (10/18) and 72.2% (13/18) with the general-purpose camera and HRBGC, respectively. In cancers? 1cm, 7 of 15 were detected with the general-purpose camera and 10 of 15 with the HRBGC. Four of the cancers (median size, 8.5 mm) detected with the HRBGC were missed by the conventional camera Conclusion: Evaluation of indeterminate breasts lesions with a high resolution, breast-specific gamma camera results in improved sensitivity for the detection of cancer with greater improvement demonstrated in nonpalpable and?1 cm cancers.
Download or read book Investigation of Physical Properties of Compact Scintillation Cameras for Dedicated Imaging Applications written by David Paul McElroy and published by Ann Arbor, Mich. : University Microfilms International. This book was released on 2002 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Optimization of Molecular Breast Imaging with Dedicated Gamma Camera Systems written by Carrie Beth Hruska and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mammography and Beyond written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-07-23 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each year more than 180,000 new cases of breast cancer are diagnosed in women in the U.S. If cancer is detected when small and local, treatment options are less dangerous, intrusive, and costly-and more likely to lead to a cure. Yet those simple facts belie the complexity of developing and disseminating acceptable techniques for breast cancer diagnosis. Even the most exciting new technologies remain clouded with uncertainty. Mammography and Beyond provides a comprehensive and up-to-date perspective on the state of breast cancer screening and diagnosis and recommends steps for developing the most reliable breast cancer detection methods possible. This book reviews the dramatic expansion of breast cancer awareness and screening, examining the capabilities and limitations of current and emerging technologies for breast cancer detection and their effectiveness at actually reducing deaths. The committee discusses issues including national policy toward breast cancer detection, roles of public and private agencies, problems in determining the success of a technique, availability of detection methods to specific populations of women, women's experience during the detection process, cost-benefit analyses, and more. Examining current practices and specifying research and other needs, Mammography and Beyond will be an indispensable resource to policy makers, public health officials, medical practitioners, researchers, women's health advocates, and concerned women and their families.
Download or read book Solid State Radiation Detectors written by Salah Awadalla and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrating aspects of engineering, application physics, and medical science, Solid-State Radiation Detectors: Technology and Applications offers a comprehensive review of new and emerging solid-state materials-based technologies for radiation detection. Each chapter is structured to address the current advantages and challenges of each material and technology presented, as well as to discuss novel research and applications. Featuring contributions from leading experts in industry and academia, this authoritative text: Covers modern semiconductors used for radiation monitoring Examines CdZnTe and CdTe technology for imaging applications including three-dimensional capability detectors Highlights interconnect technology for current pixel detectors Describes hybrid pixel detectors and their characterizations Tackles the integrated analog signal processing read-out front ends for particle detectors Considers new organic materials with direct bandgap for direct energy detection Summarizes recent developments involving lanthanum halide and cerium bromide scintillators Analyzes the potential of recent progress in the field of crystallogenesis, quantum dots, and photonics crystals toward a new concept of x- and gamma-ray detectors based on metamaterials Explores position-sensitivity photomultipliers and silicon photomultipliers for scintillation crystals Solid-State Radiation Detectors: Technology and Applications provides a valuable reference for engineers and scientists looking to enhance the performance of radiation detector technology for medical imaging and other applications.
Download or read book Non Invasive Dual Modality Imaging for the Early Detection and Monitoring of Breast Cancer During Therapy written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose was to develop non-invasive imaging systems to detect and treatment monitoring of breast cancer at the earliest stage in animal model. Scope: Scope of the second year's research is to perform in vitro and in vivo experiments, development of stable cell lines producing light-based reporters, development of additional viral vectors encoding dual reporter system, such as light based reporter (GFP, luciferase) and gamma camera based reporter (hSSTR2). Continue in vivo imaging in animal models with vector administration.
Download or read book A Compact Gamma Camera for Biological Imaging written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A compact detector, sized particularly for imaging a mouse, is described. The active area of the detector is approximately 46 mm; spl times/ 96 mm. Two flat-panel Hamamatsu H8500 position-sensitive photomultiplier tubes (PSPMTs) are coupled to a pixellated NaI(Tl) scintillator which views the animal through a copper-beryllium (CuBe) parallel-hole collimator specially designed for 125I. Although the PSPMTs have insensitive areas at their edges and there is a physical gap, corrections for scintillation light collection at the junction between the two tubes results in a uniform response across the entire rectangular area of the detector. The system described has been developed to optimize both sensitivity and resolution for in-vivo imaging of small animals injected with iodinated compounds. We demonstrate an in-vivo application of this detector, particularly to SPECT, by imaging mice injected with approximately 10-15; spl mu/Ci of 125I.
Download or read book Measurements of the Performance Parameters of Gamma Cameras written by Gerald J. Hine and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Measurements of the Performance Parameters of Gamma Cameras written by Gerald John Hine and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
