Download or read book Communal and Commercial Economy written by John Carruthers and published by London : E. Stanford. This book was released on 1883 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Communal and commercial economy written by John Carruthers and published by . This book was released on 1883 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Communal and Commercial Economy written by John Carruthers and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2015-06-15 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Communal and Commercial Economy: Some Elementary Theorems of the Political Economy of Communal and of Commercial Societies, Together With an Examination of the Correlated Theorems of the Psuedo-Science of Wealth as Taught by Ricardo and Mill The laws of nature never change; but under all circumstances, the due and calculable effect will follow a given cause. Where the occurrences are not such as we expected, no one now thinks of attributing the discrepancy to miraculous or arbitrary changes in the laws, but it is at once known that our expectations were founded on ignorance. Should the teaching of any two sciences come into conflict, we should not attempt to reconcile them by assuming the laws of nature to be not the same in the two cases, but we should know at once that one or both of our sciences were false, and we should endeavour to correct them. The actions of men are not supernatural, but are also part of nature, and their effects are subject to her laws. It is a fact that the acts daily done by man will influence either for good or ill his future well-being, and right action in his daily life is a matter of vast importance to him, and to those who will come after him. If he has two sciences of conduct, and they are in conflict, it behoves him to weigh well which he will follow, for assuredly they cannot both be true, and woe betide him if he take the false one for his guide; nature is pitiless to those who take the wrong path. This work is a treatise on political economy, and not on ethics: an examination of the grounds on which the latter rest would be as much beyond my limits as a discussion of the binomial theorem; but it is within my province to point out that the political economy taught in England is wholly at variance with the ethics taught everywhere, and at every period of the world's history. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book Communal and Commercial Economy written by Carruthers John and published by Hardpress Publishing. This book was released on 2013-01 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.
Download or read book Communal and Commercial Economy written by John Carruthers and published by Legare Street Press. This book was released on 2021-09-09 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book Communal and Commercial Economy Some Elementary Theorems of the Political Economy of Communal and of Commercial Societies with an Examination of the Correlated Theorems of the Pseudo science of Wealth as Taught by Ricardo and Mill written by John CARRUTHERS (M. Inst. C. E.) and published by . This book was released on 1883 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Commercial Revolution of the Middle Ages 950 1350 written by Robert S. Lopez and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1976-03-26 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Roman and barbarian precedents The growth of self-centered agriculture The take-off of the commerical revolution The uneven diffusion of commercialization Between crafts and industry The response of the agricultural society.
Download or read book Integral Community written by Ronnie Lessem and published by Gower Publishing Company, Limited. This book was released on 2012 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integral Community moves the transformation journey for enterprises and society on from the creation of a new macro-economic framework to practical implementation of authentic or integral development.The authors argue that there are two major fields of force prevailing in today's world - the global commons, reflecting our common heritage and the other reflecting local and national singularity, where the notion of feeding off ancient local heritage and talent is key. They also identify four different culturally laden worldviews as Southern (humanistic), Eastern (holistic), Northern (rational), and Western (pragmatic).The enterprise and social innovation in Africa with which the authors are involved provides a lesson in the sort of differentiation and integration needed to operate a living economy, with local identity and global integrity, all illustrated through a rural case, Chinyika, with which they have been intimately involved, whereby 100,000 have become self sufficient over the past five years.Integral Community is a book for academics and students of business, economics, development studies and agriculture, and for policy makers and practitioners concerned with the developing world.
Download or read book Community Capitalism written by Michael Garjian and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2016-05-26 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corporate capitalism is increasingly blamed for the social, economic, and environmental decline apparent in today's world. Millions of us hope for a more equitable society with a new shared economy in which all people have access to food, clothing, affordable housing, living-wage jobs, medical care, education, and opportunities to improve their lives together on a planet in which: * The condition of the environment is improving * Local economies are vibrant, democracy is growing stronger, a greater sense of community is developing in cities and towns, small businesses are flourishing, family farmers are profitable, poverty is in sharp decline, and children do not go to bed hungry * The economically powerful special interests that receive favorable treatment from governments are communities, rather than lobbyists for wealthy private interests * The purpose of the shared economic system is not to produce maximum profits and growth for the few, but adequate profits and sustainable growth for the good of all-to create a brighter future You may think this a utopian dream, but it is not. Community Capitalism details how we can create this shared economy anytime we want - without the need for any new legislation, any government action, or the approval of the wealthiest, most powerful elite. Most surprising is that, when used in a different way by the community itself, it is the much maligned tool of capitalism that can bring us the shared economy and society we are hoping for! In fact, it is ours for the taking! If you are open to the idea that a new beginning is possible, this just might be what you've been looking for.
Download or read book African Futures written by Clemens Greiner and published by Africa-Europe Group for Interd. This book was released on 2022 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The essays in this collection are written to make readers (re)consider what is possible in Africa. The essays shake the tree of received wisdom and received categories, and hone in on the complexities of life under ecological and economic constraints. Yet, throughout this volume, people do not emerge as victims, but rather as inventors, engineers, scientists, planners, writers, artists, and activists, or as children, mothers, fathers, friends, or lovers - all as future-makers. It is precisely through agents such as these that Africa is futuring: rethinking, living, confronting, imagining, and relating in the light of its many emerging tomorrows"--
Download or read book The Politics of Land Reform in Africa written by Ambreena S. Manji and published by Zed Books. This book was released on 2006-08 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the trend in Africa today to replace communal forms of customary tenure with Western-type private land tenure arrangements. These are markets in land that treat it as a commodity like any other, and forms of rural credit involving land as collateral. The author develops an aetiology of the main actors in this historic process which is already having huge human consequences. It is likely, if more widely implemented, to transform the face of African rural society towards landlessness, forced migration to big city slums, and rising inequality.
Download or read book The Political Economies of U S Communes written by Jacklyn Weier and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The intentional communities movement in the U.S. consists of varying arrangements that differently prioritize values, purpose, and goals. In general, these communities collectively own land, share residence, and manage cooperative enterprises. Income-sharing communities, the focus of this dissertation, also share the income that is generated by their on-land cooperatives. Beyond this, they have complex systems of governance that determine concepts of labor, how labor is distributed, how resources are accessed, how surplus is consumed, and how to organize with other communities. This dissertation focuses on an income-sharing community called Acorn in rural Virginia and draws from feminist economic geographies for approaches to community economic practices. Based on ethnography and semi-structured qualitative interview data, I uncover different socio-economic processes in the community and conceptualize these through different analytical frameworks. In the first, I utilize feminist political economy approaches to understand labor distribution in the community. 'Labor' in these communities is very broad, including productive and reproductive work. This broad interpretation contributes to the community economy ethos of interdependence and worker and environmental wellbeing. I also identify social difference as a key factor in how labor is assigned. Second, I approach the communities as commons, as they engage in the sharing and management of collective resources. I trace the history of the 501(d) tax status that allows for collective landholding and argue it is a state mechanism that reinforces private property logics. From there, understanding 501(d)'s strict tenets for communities, I approach the labor exchange program (LEX) between the communities as a multi-scale governance strategies that contributes to the longevity of these communities. The network moves people between the communities, and with them their labor, knowledge, and care that is consequential to the success of communities. Finally, I draw on cohousing literature to develop an approach to commoning in intentional communities as a way to understand participation outcomes. This analysis revealed that shared values and the individual-collective dichotomy were recurring aspects of communal living that impacted systems of governance and participation efforts. In total, this work contributes to feminist economic geographies, urban commons scholarship, and research targeting communal living. These combined perspectives reveal the multifaceted connections between communities and external systems, including unequal power relationships. The application of the commons as a concept is used throughout, and this dissertation directly involves an arduous study of the intricacies of governance. In this, the papers contribute to new ways of understanding commoning as a series of relationships between other commoners and social systems. It does so by focusing on the everyday, the individual, the collective, and the body as points of departure for analysis.
Download or read book Subsistence and Economic Development written by Ronald E. Seavoy and published by Praeger. This book was released on 2000-08-30 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seavoy insists that development economics is a failed discipline because it does not recognize the revolutionary difference between subsistence and commercial social values. Seavoy demonstrates that commercial labor norms are essential for producing assured food surpluses in all crop years and an assured food surplus is essential for sustaining the development process. The commercialization of food production is a political process, as in the term political economy. If peasants have a choice, they will not voluntarily perform commercial labor norms. Central governments must overcome peasant resistance to performing commercial labor norms by various forms of coercion. The most historically effective coercions are deprivation of peasant control of land use by foreclosure and eviction for excessive subsistence debts. Landless peasants are forced to become supervised paid laborers. Coercion is most effective when it is linked to money rewards for peasants who voluntarily transform themselves into yeomen cultivators or farmers. These commercially motivated cultivators and storekeepers become the resident commercializing agents in peasant villages who administer the central government's coercive and inducement policies. Based on extensive examples and field observation, this book is designed for use in courses that explore problems of economic development. Scholars and government policy makers will find the analysis equally provocative.
Download or read book Community Economics written by Ron Schaffer and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2004-04-19 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Complete revision of Dr. Shaffer's classic Community Economics provides readers with a comprehensive understanding of economic structure in small communities and urban neighborhoods of America. Authors Shaffer, Deller, and Marcouiller review the economics of smaller communities with continued emphasis on how to build and achieve theoretically sound community economic development policy. The text also demonstrates how local participation and knowledge can be used to identify problems, form solutions, and maintain community support for long-term goals. The main body of economic research and literature has neglected the economics of smaller communities. Community Economics: Linking Theory and Practice fills that information void. This text serves as a comprehensive guide on smaller, open economies and urban neighborhoods for economists, regional planners, rural sociologists, and geographers. Additionally, Community Economics is an issue-oriented handbook of development strategies for development practitioners, planning and zoning officials, and others involved in the ay-to-day activities of community economic development.
Download or read book Communal Lands Development Plan written by Zimbabwe. Ministry of Lands, Agriculture, and Rural Resettlement and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Conceptual Framework for the Communal Lands Development Plan written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Enacting Community Economies Within a Welfare State written by Teppo Eskelinen and published by Mayflybooks/Ephemera. This book was released on 2020-03-13 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents a number of empirical case studies of community economies in the context of a Nordic welfare state to better understand the potential of community economies and the interaction and friction with state governance, and more generally the conditions in which community economies and Nordic welfare states can co-exist and cooperate.
