Download or read book Command Control and Emerging Technologies Implications for the Operational COmmander written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The influence of technology on the command and control process is examined in both historical and future contexts. The implications for the operational commander and the operational level of war of emerging technologies for C2 is analyzed with reference to the principles of war. Significant advances in computers, communications, information exchange, sensor and surveillance, and decision support aids will continue to provide benefits to the C2 process in the future. Emerging technologies will be the most useful when they are applied to facilitate and not replace the decision maker. Although the commercial sector is significantly ahead of the military sector in developing advanced communications and computer technologies, careful leveraging of these cost effective solutions and alternatives will be required to insure the military's unique needs are satisfied. Command and control, C2 Technology, Operational command and control, Emerging technology.

Download or read book Technology and Command written by William B. McClure and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The introduction of advanced technologies into the military, which is known as the "revolution in military affairs," is producing an opportunity for significant changes in the American military's paradigm for command and control. The future battlespace will require commanders to operate more efficiently and at a higher operations tempo, so that commanders will be able to use the advantages of dominant battlespace awareness to enhance what is known as "command-by-intent." But the more likely outcome is a return tocommand-by-direction. A potential consequence of this change is that significant command functions will be made by machines that act, not as an assistant, but as the decision maker and executor -- which is known as the machine commander. However, the current U.S. military doctrine is inconsistent about the admissibility of such an entity, even though technological developments are on the threshold of delivering the components for constructing the first-generation machine commander. Furthermore, the same infrastructure that assists the traditional human commander creates a framework for using a machine commander. Furthermore, the same infrastructure that assists the tradiitional human commander creates a framework for using a machine commander. While resistance to this technology is expected, this is the proper time to examine the implications of a machine commander for military operations in the future."--Abstract

Download or read book Technology and Command Implications for Military Operations in the Twenty First Century written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The introduction of advanced technologies into the military, which is known as the "revolution in military affairs," is producing an opportunity for significant changes in the American military's paradigm for command and control. The future battlespace will require commanders to operate more efficiently and at a higher operations tempo, so that commanders will be able to use the advantages of dominant battlespace awareness to enhance what is known as "command-by intent." But the more likely outcome is a return to command-by-direction. A potential consequence of this change is that significant command functions will be made by machines that act, not as an assistant, but as the decision maker and executor which is known as the machine commander. However, the current U.S. military doctrine is inconsistent about the admissibility of such an entity, even though technological developments are on the threshold of delivering the components for constructing the first-generation machine commander. Furthermore, the same infrastructure that assists the traditional human commander creates a framework for using a machine commander. While resistance to this technology is expected, this is the proper time to examine the implications of a machine commander for military operations in the future.

Download or read book Technology s Impact on Command and Control How Much Does the Operational Commander Need written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today's operational commander faces a daunting task. The increased complexity of the battlefield is changing the way we fight wars. Americans have frequently looked to technology to solve their problems, and command and control is no exception. Current systems are far better than those of a few years ago. As technology advances at an ever quickening pace, command and control systems strive to keep up. This rapid advance has a tendency to focus our attention on the systems themselves, rather than the command process. There are those that envision a day when future war fighters will sit in the Pentagon basement, select targets, and destroy them. While having that advanced technology is certainly advantageous, it eliminates the leadership of the operational commander. Another disadvantage of relying exclusively on technology to solve all our problems is that frequently, 'demonstrated capability' is tested in a sterile, controlled environment. The end users often find that capability is less robust than advertised. Although technology will be a part of our future, operational commanders must use it to complement their leadership skills, not replace them.

Download or read book The Unintended Consequence of Information Age Technologies written by David S. Alberts and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1997-08 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses the potential benefits of information technologies in the military and the potential costs associated with unintended consequences regarding the deleterious effects of excessive information access. These technologies include collection, display, communications, and processing technologies of data fusion and analysis as well as support for decision making. Advocates and makes recommendations for the adoption of a comprehensive and systematic technological insertion approach for introducing and using emerging technologies and for the testing and refinement of new mission capability packages.

Download or read book The Unspoken Consequence of Command Control Communications Technology Enhanced Micromanagement by Risk Averse Commanders written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technological advancements in communications provide the operational commander with a significantly enhanced real-time understanding of the battlespace, enabling more robust employment of centralized control. However, along with its benefits, this command, control and communications (C3) network includes the dangerous consequence of eroding the autonomy of tactical command through enhanced micromanagement by risk-averse operational commanders. Selected historical examples demonstrate that advances in C3 technology have been a force multiplier that enables the implementation of broader strategies by drastically improving the operational commander's understanding and control of the battlespace and battleforce. However, as exemplified by operations in Kosovo, technological advancement when put in the hands of risk-averse operational commanders also can serve as an enabler of potentially damaging micromanagement. Ultimately, training, doctrine and incentives will enhance the effectiveness of C3 integration, but the personality and leadership traits of the operational commander will ultimately determine how effectively this technology is integrated into the operational art of warfare toward the achievement of military objectives. The forgiving battlefields of recent conflicts have afforded commanders the opportunity to experiment with the application and misapplication of C3 in a relatively low-risk environment. Failure to maximize the effective employment of C3 in future conflicts against more formidable, multi-dimensional adversaries, would likely prove detrimental to achieving U.S. objectives. (29 refs.).

Download or read book The Influence of Future Command Control Communications and Computers C4 on Doctrine and the Operational Commander s Decision Making Process written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Future C4 systems will alter the traditional balance between force and information, having a profound influence on doctrine and the operational commander's decision making process. The Joint Staff's future vision of C4 is conceptualized in C41 for the Warrior, ' which envisions a joint C41 architecture providing timely sensor to shooter information direct to the warfighter. C4 systems must manage and filter an overwhelming amount of information; deal with interoperability issues; overcome technological limitations; meet emerging security requirements, and protect against 'Information Warfare.' Severe budget restraints necessitate unified control of C4 systems under singular leadership for the common good of all the services. In addition, acquisition policy and procedures must be revamped to allow new technologies to be fielded quickly; and the commercial marketplace will become the preferred starting point for modernization. Flatter command structures are recommended in this environment where information is available instantaneously. New responsibilities for decision making at lower levels are created. Commanders will have to strike a balance between exerting greater control and allowing subordinates enough flexibility to maintain initiative. Clearly, the commander's intent remains the most important tool in striking this balance.

Download or read book Government Reports Announcements Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Realizing the Potential of C4I written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-06-17 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapid progress in information and communications technologies is dramatically enhancing the strategic role of information, positioning effective exploitation of these technology advances as a critical success factor in military affairs. These technology advances are drivers and enablers for the "nervous system" of the militaryâ€"its command, control, communications, computers, and intelligence (C4I) systemsâ€"to more effectively use the "muscle" side of the military. Authored by a committee of experts drawn equally from the military and commercial sectors, Realizing the Potential of C4I identifies three major areas as fundamental challenges to the full Department of Defense (DOD) exploitation of C4I technologyâ€"information systems security, interoperability, and various aspects of DOD process and culture. The book details principles by which to assess DOD efforts in these areas over the long term and provides specific, more immediately actionable recommendations. Although DOD is the focus of this book, the principles and issues presented are also relevant to interoperability, architecture, and security challenges faced by government as a whole and by large, complex public and private enterprises across the economy.

Download or read book Command Concepts written by Carl H. Builder and published by Minnesota Historical Society. This book was released on 1999 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The qualities of commanders and their ideas are more important to a general theory of command and control than are the technical and architectural qualities of their computers and communications systems. This theory separates the art of command and control (C2) from the hardware and software systems that support C2. It centers on the idea of a command concept, a commander's vision of a military operation that informs the making of command decisions during that operation. The theory suggests that the essential communications up and down the chain of command can (and should) be limited to disseminating, verifying, or modifying command concepts. The theory also suggests, as an extreme case, that an ideal command concept is one that is so prescient, sound, and fully conveyed to subordinates that it would allow the commander to leave the battlefield before the battle commences, with no adverse effect upon the out-come. This report advances a theory about military command and control. Then, through six historical case studies of modern battles, it explores the implications of the theory both for the professional development of commanders and for the design and evaluation of command and control architectures. The report should be of interest to members of the Joint Staff and the services involved in developing command and control doctrine for the U.S. military, and to all of those interested in the military art and science of command and control.

Download or read book The Impact of Emerging Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a result of the modernization of C2 systems, the operational commander is faced with changing his approach to the historic functions of intelligence and C2. The question arises, is a change required? The operational functions performed by a CINC in today's military can still be carried out in a historic manner in the dynamic environment of emerging technology. Instant information should not be confused with instant intelligence. The CINC does not need second by second information systems unless it provides strategic or operational significance. The value of utilizing this technology demands risk versus reward analysis considerations. Emerging technological advances of today's military should not be discarded simply for the sake of keeping the status quo. The advances should be evaluated and applied at the appropriate level once a value-added determination has been assessed.

Download or read book Command and Control in a Network Centric Warfare World Preserving the Operational Echelon of Command written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Joint Vision 2020 (JV 2020) is designed around the premise that modern and emerging technologies, particularly information-related advances, should make possible a new level of battlespace awareness in the joint operations arena. Underpinning a variety of technological advances is information superiority the ability to detect, collect, process and disseminate an uninterrupted flow of information, while exploiting or denying an adversary's ability to do the same. The goal of JV 2020 seeks to achieve Full Spectrum Dominance a joint force persuasive in peace, decisive in war, preeminent in any form of conflict. If we are to truly achieve this goal of full spectrum dominance by establishing and maintaining information superiority, then the organizational echelons in the command and control structure must be maximized to use this superiority, not minimized to hamper it. Network Centric Warfare (NCW) is one of the key tenets to meet these demands of increased information flow. Proponents of the ongoing Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA), spawned from and running parallel to the Revolution in Business Affairs (RBA), have recognized in NCW the need to restructure certain organizational paradigms for maximum effectiveness in the anticipation of achieving JV 2020 goals. According to these groups, much of the organizational evolution in the military should center around the use of a networked command and control system which, when implemented, will reduce and consolidate staff structure, allow for decentralized execution, and increase the commander's control over a more encompassing sector of the 2020 battlespace. How and more importantly, at which levels do we best utilize this potentially world-altering tool to maximize its effectiveness?

Download or read book Command and Control of the Future Mechanized Task written by Edward V. Rowe and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Improving the Command and Control Organization in Expeditionary Operations written by David Eriksen and published by . This book was released on 2003-03-01 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The military is developing new doctrine, such as Ship to Objective Maneuver (STOM) to take advantage of emerging technology. The problem is that new command and control organizations are not being developed to execute this new doctrine. The insistence that the tried and true Commander Amphibious Task Force/Commander Landing Force (CATF/CLF) organization or similar structure will do the job hinders the full effectiveness) of this new doctrine. STOM removes the need for massive build up ashore in amphibious operation. Instead, using naval forces as a sea base, the assault force moves significant military strength directly to a point at which it can accomplish the mission. This allows the landing force commander to stay on board, thus negating the need for two commanders.

Download or read book Command and Control of the Future Mechanized Task written by Edward V. Rowe and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mechanized task force commander contends with many factors that define his environment. To assist him in contending with this environment, he employs a command and control system consisting of personnel, communication, equipment, facilities, and procedures. To the extent that this system allows the commander to understand and operate within its environment, it contributes to the unit's ultimate success or failure. The U.S. Army intends to replace the 1990's command and control system with an information age system termed Force XXI Battle Command System, Brigade and Below (FBCB2). This system promises to improve the performance of the command and control system by incorporating advanced technologies and systematic improvements to the legacy system. FBCB2's ability to achieve this goal depends upon its ability to understand the environment and to communicate this information to the commander. This monograph examines the dynamic relationship that exists between FBCB2 and its environment. It does so by examining first the environment in which all command and control systems operate and identifying sources of complexity. Then the paper assesses command and control as a system as well as the objective design and function of FBCB2. Finally the monograph compares FBCB2 to the projected future environment to assess its ability to assist the commander in understanding that environment. This study concludes that FBCB2 will assist the commander in understanding his environment because it will simplify the execution of his command and control tasks. FBCB2 will simplify these tasks because it will increase the time available to the commander to execute his command and control tasks, reduce the number of those tasks, and reduce those tasks' difficulty.

Download or read book Automation written by William S. Pennypacker and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph examines the effect on the division command and control system of developing automation. As twentieth century war has gained in complexity, the U.S. Army has attempted to improve the means available for tactical command and control. A major part of that effort has been the incorporation in recent years of automated command and control devices in the Army Tactical Command and Control System (ATCCS). This paper asks what will be the impact of the emerging automation technology on the division commander's ability to command and control the division in battle? The monograph seeks to answer that question through the following methodology. It first examines the theoretical basis of tactical command and control. Having established a foundation, it reviews the evolution of divisional command and control from World War II to the present. It next describes current U.S. Army doctrine for tactical command and control, recent developments in the Army Tactical Command and Control System architecture, and the structure of the automated Maneuver Control System. Finally, recent experiences with the Maneuver Control system are reviewed to illustrate the benefits and drawbacks of automation to the division commander. The paper concludes that automation will be an essential tool in the AirLand Battle. Without its ability to provide information management for decision support, the division commander cannot effectively employ his forces in depth on the battlefield.

Download or read book Advanced Technology Concepts for Command and Control written by Alexander Kott and published by . This book was released on 2004-02-01 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The origin of this book lies in a program sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) to explore innovative technologies with the potential to catalyze a revolutionary change in command and control (C2), specifically joint aerospace operations: the Joint Force Air Component Commander (JFACC) program. The JFACC program was initiated in 1996, under an original charter of developing technologies for assisting in the rapid, semi-automated construction of a fully delineated, cross-functional air campaign plan. After less than two years of using then-current AI techniques in planning and scheduling, the program decided to abandon this more traditional approach, and in late 1999 adopted a new technical direction. Led by Program Manager Colonel Dan McCorry, USAF, the program recreated itself under the following hypothesis: Control Theory and its supporting technologies have developed sufficiently to be applicable to problems in military C2. It is upon the results of this latter phase of the JFACC program that this book is based. A goal of this book is to present the potential military utility of control engineering in a way that the non-specialist can understand and evaluate. We chose to adopt a style that is neither a collection of technical papers nor an entirely non-technical discussion, resulting in a book that does not require a specialist's background and yet provides a significant measure of technical content. We avoid jargon and formalism, and focus instead on how the technology will work in practice-its limitations and dependencies, as well as its utility and value.