Download or read book Assessment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-06-03 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Various combinations of commercially available technologies could greatly reduce fuel consumption in passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles, minivans, and other light-duty vehicles without compromising vehicle performance or safety. Assessment of Technologies for Improving Light Duty Vehicle Fuel Economy estimates the potential fuel savings and costs to consumers of available technology combinations for three types of engines: spark-ignition gasoline, compression-ignition diesel, and hybrid. According to its estimates, adopting the full combination of improved technologies in medium and large cars and pickup trucks with spark-ignition engines could reduce fuel consumption by 29 percent at an additional cost of $2,200 to the consumer. Replacing spark-ignition engines with diesel engines and components would yield fuel savings of about 37 percent at an added cost of approximately $5,900 per vehicle, and replacing spark-ignition engines with hybrid engines and components would reduce fuel consumption by 43 percent at an increase of $6,000 per vehicle. The book focuses on fuel consumption-the amount of fuel consumed in a given driving distance-because energy savings are directly related to the amount of fuel used. In contrast, fuel economy measures how far a vehicle will travel with a gallon of fuel. Because fuel consumption data indicate money saved on fuel purchases and reductions in carbon dioxide emissions, the book finds that vehicle stickers should provide consumers with fuel consumption data in addition to fuel economy information.

Download or read book Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals written by John B. Heywood and published by McGraw-Hill Education. This book was released on 1988 with total page 930 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text, by a leading authority in the field, presents a fundamental and factual development of the science and engineering underlying the design of combustion engines and turbines. An extensive illustration program supports the concepts and theories discussed.

Download or read book Introduction to Internal Combustion Engines written by Richard Stone and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-09-16 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its fourth edition, this textbook remains the indispensable text to guide readers through automotive or mechanical engineering, both at university and beyond. Thoroughly updated, clear, comprehensive and well-illustrated, with a wealth of worked examples and problems, its combination of theory and applied practice aids in the understanding of internal combustion engines, from thermodynamics and combustion to fluid mechanics and materials science. This textbook is aimed at third year undergraduate or postgraduate students on mechanical or automotive engineering degrees. New to this Edition: - Fully updated for changes in technology in this fast-moving area - New material on direct injection spark engines, supercharging and renewable fuels - Solutions manual online for lecturers

Download or read book Advances in Internal Combustion Engine Research written by Dhananjay Kumar Srivastava and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-29 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses all aspects of advanced engine technologies, and describes the role of alternative fuels and solution-based modeling studies in meeting the increasingly higher standards of the automotive industry. By promoting research into more efficient and environment-friendly combustion technologies, it helps enable researchers to develop higher-power engines with lower fuel consumption, emissions, and noise levels. Over the course of 12 chapters, it covers research in areas such as homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion and control strategies, the use of alternative fuels and additives in combination with new combustion technology and novel approaches to recover the pumping loss in the spark ignition engine. The book will serve as a valuable resource for academic researchers and professional automotive engineers alike.

Download or read book Fuel Economy written by John C. Hilliard and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concern about the reduced availability and the increased cost of petroleum fuels prompted great efforts in recent years to reduce the fuel consumption of auto mobiles. The ongoing efforts to reduce fuel consumption have addressed many relevant factors, including increased engine performance, reduced friction, use of lightweight materials, and reduced aerodynamic drag. The results of the investigations assessing the various factors affecting fuel economy have been published in journals, conference proceedings, and in company and government reports. This proliferation of technical information makes it difficult for workers to keep abreast of aU developments. The material presented in this book brings together in a single volume much of the relevant materials, summarizes many of the state-of-the-art theories and data, and provides extensive lists of references. Thus, it is hoped that this book will be a useful reference for specialists and practicing engineers interested in the fuel economy of automobiles. J. C. HILLIARD o. S. SPRINGER vii CONTENTS 1. AUTOMOTIVE FUEL ECONOMY David Cole I. Introduction and Background. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 . . . . . . . . . . n. Fuel Economy Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 A. Engine................................................... 11 B. Drive Train. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. Vehicle Factors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . D. Operating Factors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 . . . . . . . . . . . . E. Test Cycles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. FUEL ECONOMY AND EMISSIONS J. T. Kummer I. Introduction .................................................. . 35 n. Emission Regulations .......................................... .

Download or read book Mixture Formation in Spark Ignition Engines written by Hans Peter Lenz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Twentyfour years have gone by since the publication of K. Lohner and H. Muller's comprehen sive work "Gemischbildung und Verbrennung im Ottomotor" in 1967 [1.1]' Naturally, the field of mixture formation and combustion in the spark-ignition engine has wit nessed great technological advances and many new findings in the intervening years, so that the time seemed ripe for presenting a summary of recent research and developments. There fore, I gladly took up the suggestion of the editors of this series of books, Professor Dr. H. List and Professor Dr. A. Pischinger, to write a book summarizing the present state of the art. A center of activity of the Institute of Internal-Combustion Engines and Automotive Engineering at the Vienna Technical University, which I am heading, is the field of mixture formation -there fore, many new results that have been achieved in this area in collaboration with the respective industry have been included in this volume. The basic principles of combustion are discussed only to that extent which seemect necessary for an understanding of the effects of mixture formation. The focal point of this volume is the mixture formation in spark-ignition engines, covering both the theory and actual design of the mixture formation units and appropriate intake manifolds. Also, the related measurement technology is explained in this work.

Download or read book Automotive Spark Ignited Direct Injection Gasoline Engines written by F. Zhao and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-02-08 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The process of fuel injection, spray atomization and vaporization, charge cooling, mixture preparation and the control of in-cylinder air motion are all being actively researched and this work is reviewed in detail and analyzed. The new technologies such as high-pressure, common-rail, gasoline injection systems and swirl-atomizing gasoline fuel injections are discussed in detail, as these technologies, along with computer control capabilities, have enabled the current new examination of an old objective; the direct-injection, stratified-charge (DISC), gasoline engine. The prior work on DISC engines that is relevant to current GDI engine development is also reviewed and discussed. The fuel economy and emission data for actual engine configurations have been obtained and assembled for all of the available GDI literature, and are reviewed and discussed in detail. The types of GDI engines are arranged in four classifications of decreasing complexity, and the advantages and disadvantages of each class are noted and explained. Emphasis is placed upon consensus trends and conclusions that are evident when taken as a whole; thus the GDI researcher is informed regarding the degree to which engine volumetric efficiency and compression ratio can be increased under optimized conditions, and as to the extent to which unburned hydrocarbon (UBHC), NOx and particulate emissions can be minimized for specific combustion strategies. The critical area of GDI fuel injector deposits and the associated effect on spray geometry and engine performance degradation are reviewed, and important system guidelines for minimizing deposition rates and deposit effects are presented. The capabilities and limitations of emission control techniques and after treatment hardware are reviewed in depth, and a compilation and discussion of areas of consensus on attaining European, Japanese and North American emission standards presented. All known research, prototype and production GDI engines worldwide are reviewed as to performance, emissions and fuel economy advantages, and for areas requiring further development. The engine schematics, control diagrams and specifications are compiled, and the emission control strategies are illustrated and discussed. The influence of lean-NOx catalysts on the development of late-injection, stratified-charge GDI engines is reviewed, and the relative merits of lean-burn, homogeneous, direct-injection engines as an option requiring less control complexity are analyzed.

Download or read book Combustion Engines Development written by Günter P. Merker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-24 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combustion Engines Development nowadays is based on simulation, not only of the transient reaction of vehicles or of the complete driveshaft, but also of the highly unsteady processes in the carburation process and the combustion chamber of an engine. Different physical and chemical approaches are described to show the potentials and limits of the models used for simulation.

Download or read book Internal Combustion Engines written by Rowland S. Benson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Internal Combustion of Engines: A Detailed Introduction to the Thermodynamics of Spark and Compression Ignition Engines, Their Design and Development focuses on the design, development, and operations of spark and compression ignition engines. The book first describes internal combustion engines, including rotary, compression, and indirect or spark ignition engines. The publication then discusses basic thermodynamics and gas dynamics. Topics include first and second laws of thermodynamics; internal energy and enthalpy diagrams; gas mixtures and homocentric flow; and state equation. The text takes a look at air standard cycle and combustion in spark and compression ignition engines. Air standard cycle efficiencies; models for compression ignition combustion calculations; chemical thermodynamic models for normal combustion; and combustion-generated emissions are underscored. The publication also considers heat transfer in engines, including heat transfer in internal combustion and instantaneous heat transfer calculations. The book is a dependable reference for readers interested in spark and compression ignition engines.

Download or read book HCCI and CAI Engines for the Automotive Industry written by Hua Zhao and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-09-10 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI)/controlled auto-ignition (CAI) has emerged as one of the most promising engine technologies with the potential to combine fuel efficiency and improved emissions performance, offering reduced nitrous oxides and particulate matter alongside efficiency comparable with modern diesel engines. Despite the considerable advantages, its operational range is rather limited and controlling the combustion (timing of ignition and rate of energy release) is still an area of on-going research. Commercial applications are, however, close to reality. HCCI a.

Download or read book Internal Combustion Engine Handbook written by Richard Van Basshuysen and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2016-03-07 with total page 1152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than 120 authors from science and industry have documented this essential resource for students, practitioners, and professionals. Comprehensively covering the development of the internal combustion engine (ICE), the information presented captures expert knowledge and serves as an essential resource that illustrates the latest level of knowledge about engine development. Particular attention is paid toward the most up-to-date theory and practice addressing thermodynamic principles, engine components, fuels, and emissions. Details and data cover classification and characteristics of reciprocating engines, along with fundamentals about diesel and spark ignition internal combustion engines, including insightful perspectives about the history, components, and complexities of the present-day and future IC engines. Chapter highlights include: • Classification of reciprocating engines • Friction and Lubrication • Power, efficiency, fuel consumption • Sensors, actuators, and electronics • Cooling and emissions • Hybrid drive systems Nearly 1,800 illustrations and more than 1,300 bibliographic references provide added value to this extensive study. “Although a large number of technical books deal with certain aspects of the internal combustion engine, there has been no publication until now that covers all of the major aspects of diesel and SI engines.” Dr.-Ing. E. h. Richard van Basshuysen and Professor Dr.-Ing. Fred Schäfer, the editors, “Internal Combustion Engines Handbook: Basics, Components, Systems, and Perpsectives”

Download or read book Novel Internal Combustion Engine Technologies for Performance Improvement and Emission Reduction written by Akhilendra Pratap Singh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-14 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph covers different aspects of internal combustion engines including engine performance and emissions and presents various solutions to resolve these issues. The contents provide examples of utilization of methanol as a fuel for CI engines in different modes of transportation, such as railroad, personal vehicles or heavy duty road transportation. The volume provides information about the current methanol utilization and its potential, its effect on the engine in terms of efficiency, combustion, performance, pollutants formation and prediction. The contents are also based on review of technologies present, the status of different combustion and emission control technologies and their suitability for different types of IC engines. Few novel technologies for spark ignition (SI) engines have been also included in this book, which makes this book a complete solution for both kind of engines. This book will be useful for engine researchers, energy experts and students involved in fuels, IC engines, engine instrumentation and environmental research.

Download or read book Cost Effectiveness and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-09-28 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The light-duty vehicle fleet is expected to undergo substantial technological changes over the next several decades. New powertrain designs, alternative fuels, advanced materials and significant changes to the vehicle body are being driven by increasingly stringent fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards. By the end of the next decade, cars and light-duty trucks will be more fuel efficient, weigh less, emit less air pollutants, have more safety features, and will be more expensive to purchase relative to current vehicles. Though the gasoline-powered spark ignition engine will continue to be the dominant powertrain configuration even through 2030, such vehicles will be equipped with advanced technologies, materials, electronics and controls, and aerodynamics. And by 2030, the deployment of alternative methods to propel and fuel vehicles and alternative modes of transportation, including autonomous vehicles, will be well underway. What are these new technologies - how will they work, and will some technologies be more effective than others? Written to inform The United States Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards, this new report from the National Research Council is a technical evaluation of costs, benefits, and implementation issues of fuel reduction technologies for next-generation light-duty vehicles. Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles estimates the cost, potential efficiency improvements, and barriers to commercial deployment of technologies that might be employed from 2020 to 2030. This report describes these promising technologies and makes recommendations for their inclusion on the list of technologies applicable for the 2017-2025 CAFE standards.

Download or read book Introduction to Modeling and Control of Internal Combustion Engine Systems written by Lino Guzzella and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Internal combustion engines still have a potential for substantial improvements, particularly with regard to fuel efficiency and environmental compatibility. These goals can be achieved with help of control systems. Modeling and Control of Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) addresses these issues by offering an introduction to cost-effective model-based control system design for ICE. The primary emphasis is put on the ICE and its auxiliary devices. Mathematical models for these processes are developed in the text and selected feedforward and feedback control problems are discussed. The appendix contains a summary of the most important controller analysis and design methods, and a case study that analyzes a simplified idle-speed control problem. The book is written for students interested in the design of classical and novel ICE control systems.

Download or read book Biofueled Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines written by K.A. Subramanian and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-10-02 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biofuels such as ethanol, butanol, and biodiesel have more desirable physico-chemical properties than base petroleum fuels (diesel and gasoline), making them more suitable for use in internal combustion engines. The book begins with a comprehensive review of biofuels and their utilization processes and culminates in an analysis of biofuel quality and impact on engine performance and emissions characteristics, while discussing relevant engine types, combustion aspects and effect on greenhouse gases. It will facilitate scattered information on biofuels and its utilization has to be integrated as a single information source. The information provided in this book would help readers to update their basic knowledge in the area of "biofuels and its utilization in internal combustion engines and its impact Environment and Ecology". It will serve as a reference source for UG/PG/Ph.D. Doctoral Scholars for their projects / research works and can provide valuable information to Researchers from Academic Universities and Industries. Key Features: • Compiles exhaustive information of biofuels and their utilization in internal combustion engines. • Explains engine performance of biofuels • Studies impact of biofuels on greenhouse gases and ecology highlighting integrated bio-energy system. • Discusses fuel quality of different biofuels and their suitability for internal combustion engines. • Details effects of biofuels on combustion and emissions characteristics.

Download or read book Numerical and Experimental Studies on Combustion Engines and Vehicles written by Paweł Woś and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-11-26 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The matters discussed and presented in the chapters of this book cover a wide spectrum of topics and research methods commonly used in the field of engine combustion technology and vehicle functional systems. This book contains the results of both computational analyses and experimental studies on jet and reciprocating combustion engines as well heavy-duty onroad vehicles. Special attention is devoted to research and measures toward preventing the emission of harmful exhaust components, reducing fuel consumption or using unconventional methods of engine fueling or using renewable and alternative fuels in different applications. Some technical improvements in design and control of vehicle systems are also presented.

Download or read book Modelling Diesel Combustion written by P. A. Lakshminarayanan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-03-03 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phenomenology of Diesel Combustion and Modeling Diesel is the most efficient combustion engine today and it plays an important role in transport of goods and passengers on land and on high seas. The emissions must be controlled as stipulated by the society without sacrificing the legendary fuel economy of the diesel engines. These important drivers caused innovations in diesel engineering like re-entrant combustion chambers in the piston, lower swirl support and high pressure injection, in turn reducing the ignition delay and hence the nitric oxides. The limits on emissions are being continually reduced. The- fore, the required accuracy of the models to predict the emissions and efficiency of the engines is high. The phenomenological combustion models based on physical and chemical description of the processes in the engine are practical to describe diesel engine combustion and to carry out parametric studies. This is because the injection process, which can be relatively well predicted, has the dominant effect on mixture formation and subsequent course of combustion. The need for improving these models by incorporating new developments in engine designs is explained in Chapter 2. With “model based control programs” used in the Electronic Control Units of the engines, phenomenological models are assuming more importance now because the detailed CFD based models are too slow to be handled by the Electronic Control Units. Experimental work is necessary to develop the basic understanding of the pr- esses.