Download or read book Combined Task Performance written by Kent Allen Kimball and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Multiple Task Performance written by D Damos and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-07-24 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with theories of multiple-task performance and focuses on learning and performance. It is primarily for professionals in human factors, psychology, or engineering who are interested in multiple-task performance but have no formal training in the area.
Download or read book Multiple Task Performance written by D Damos and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-07-24 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with theories of multiple-task performance and focuses on learning and performance. It is primarily for professionals in human factors, psychology, or engineering who are interested in multiple-task performance but have no formal training in the area.
Download or read book In Sync written by Jennifer Ho Lan Ouyang and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Working Harder Working Smarter Or Doing Both written by Meredith J. Woodwark and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Goal setting research has shown that on novel, complex tasks people perform better with learning than performance goals. In practice, people must often learn and perform at the same time. Does setting both types of goals simultaneously enhance performance compared to singular goals? This dissertation consists of two studies using a complex business simulation that examine setting simultaneous learning and performance goals (combined goals) for highly complex tasks. The first study is a cognitive interview study where I examine how people interpret assigned singular goals (learning or performance) and combined goals at various difficulty levels. The second study is a laboratory experiment which examines how combined goals affect performance under dynamic conditions. The results of both studies suggest that regardless of the goals people are assigned, they focus on the performance goal more than the learning goal or both goals equally. Combined goals appear to have a strong goal hierarchy where performance goals are the dominant goal and learning goals are the background goal. In terms of task performance, as predicted people who consistently focus on both goals equally - particularly early in the task - perform better than those who focus on only one. Also as predicted, assigned combined goals that emphasize learning over performance result in the highest performance. Overall, the results suggest that how people interpret combined goals within a goal hierarchy influences the goals they focus on which in turn influences task performance. This dissertation highlights the role of goal hierarchy in understanding how combined goals influence performance.
Download or read book Group Performance written by Bernard A. Nijstad and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2009-06-22 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People interact and perform in group settings in all areas of life. Organizations and businesses are increasingly structuring work around groups and teams. Every day, we work in groups such as families, friendship groups, societies and sports teams, to make decisions and plans, solve problems, perform physical tasks, generate creative ideas, and more. Group Performance outlines the current state of social psychological theories and findings concerning the performance of groups. It explores the basic theories surrounding group interaction and development and investigates how groups affect their members. Bernard A. Nijstad discusses these issues in relation to the many different tasks that groups may perform, including physical tasks, idea generation and brainstorming, decision-making, problem-solving, and making judgments and estimates. Finally, the book closes with an in-depth discussion of teamwork and the context in which groups interact and perform. Offering an integrated approach, with particular emphasis on the interplay between group members, the group task, interaction processes and context, this book provides a state-of-the-art overview of social psychological theory and research. It will be highly valuable to undergraduates, graduates and researchers in social psychology, organizational behavior and business.
Download or read book Task Components and Demands as Factors in Dual Task Performance written by Robert Arthur North and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study explored the effects of interference between tasks as related to their specific functional requirements and under changing priorities. Four tasks were performed singly and in all pairwise combinations to compare their mutual interference levels. The tasks were one-dimensional compensatory tracking, and three self-paced Keyboard response tasks, one requiring a transformation by categorizing, one requiring storing and responding with the previous stimulus, and one requiring no intervening activity between stimulus recognition and response. Tracking paired with any of the the three Keyboard tasks was least interfering, Tracking and Tracking was moderately interfering, and Keyboard/Keyboard combinations the most interfering, suggesting that qualitatively dissimilar tasks are performed better than functionally similar tasks. The Keyboard task requiring continuous storing and response to the previous stimulus was highly disruptive when paired with other Keyboard tasks, and showed little evidence of interweaving with them, while the transformation Keyboard task was not as disruptive and could be interweaved with itself or the simple Keyboard task.
Download or read book New Developments in Goal Setting and Task Performance written by Edwin A. Locke and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-01-03 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book concentrates on the last twenty years of research in the area of goal setting and performance at work. The editors and contributors believe goals affect action, and this volume has a lineup of international contributors who look at the recent theories and implications in this area for IO psychologists and human resource management academics and graduate students.
Download or read book Comprehensive Healthcare Simulation Surgery and Surgical Subspecialties written by Dimitrios Stefanidis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-05 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This pragmatic book is a guide for the use of simulation in surgery and surgical subspecialties, including general surgery, urology, gynecology, cardiothoracic and vascular surgery, orthopedics, ophthalmology, and otolaryngology. It offers evidence-based recommendations for the application of simulation in surgery and addresses procedural skills training, clinical decision-making and team training, and discusses the future of surgical simulation. Readers are introduced to the different simulation modalities and technologies used in surgery with a variety of learners including students, residents, practicing surgeons, and other health-related professionals.
Download or read book Multitasking Executive Functioning in Dual Task and Task Switching Situations written by Tilo Strobach and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-03-27 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multitasking refers to performance of multiple tasks. The most prominent types of multitasking are situations including either temporal overlap of the execution of multiple tasks (i.e., dual tasking) or executing multiple tasks in varying sequences (i.e., task switching). In the literature, numerous attempts have aimed at theorizing about the specific characteristics of executive functions that control interference between simultaneously and/or sequentially active component of task-sets in these situations. However, these approaches have been rather vague regarding explanatory concepts (e.g., task-set inhibition, preparation, shielding, capacity limitation), widely lacking theories on detailed mechanisms and/ or empirical evidence for specific subcomponents. The present research topic aims at providing a selection of contributions on the details of executive functioning in dual-task and task switching situations. The contributions specify these executive functions by focusing on (1) fractionating assumed mechanisms into constituent subcomponents, (2) their variations by age or in clinical subpopulations, and/ or (3) their plasticity as a response to practice and training.
Download or read book Haptic Guidance for Extended Range Telepresence written by Antonia Pérez Arias and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2014-05-22 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A novel navigation assistance for extended range telepresence is presented. The haptic information from the target environment is augmented with guidance commands to assist the user in reaching desired goals in the arbitrarily large target environment from the spatially restricted user environment. Furthermore, a semi-mobile haptic interface was developed, one whose lightweight design and setup configuration atop the user provide for an absolutely safe operation and high force display quality.
Download or read book Stress and Strategy written by Shirley Fisher and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-12-22 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1987, this title is concerned with the association between stress and control, and the implications for strategic response. It aims both to provide an up-to-date, comprehensive account of research in the area of stress for the advanced student and to develop a new synthesis of ideas leading to a cognitive model of stress and illness. The book reflects the idea that responses to stressful conditions are likely to be strategic, designed in order to achieve control in different ways. Concepts such as responsibility, instrumentality and predictability are discussed in an attempt to make the relationship between stress and control explicit. Different forms of the exercise of control are identified as features of strategy. A cognitive model of illness is developed, which assumes that the characteristics of strategies specified in terms of modes of control determine the features of ‘arousal pathology’ via hormone routes and thus influence the risk of illness. This differs from existing models at the time, which emphasise environmental properties such as incongruence, status inconsistency or ‘rule breakdown’ as determinants. A ‘constrained resource’ approach is emphasised, in which cognitive style and particular experiences exercise constraint on the range of strategies available in cognition. Hence these factors influence the risk of different kinds of ill health when life stresses are encountered. The book provides details of evidence and theory as well as new ideas and models. It will still be of interest to students of psychology, social science and medicine, who are concerned with stress and its relationship with human and health efficiency.
Download or read book Abilities Motivation and Methodology written by Ruth Kanfer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-06-17 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diverse developments in ability and motivation research, and in the derivations of new methodological techniques have often run on parallel courses. The editors of this volume felt that communication across domains could be vastly improved through intensive interaction between researchers. This interaction was realized in The Minnesota Symposium on Learning and Individual Differences, which directly addressed ability, motivation and methodology concerns. This book, compiled as a result of the Symposium, unites theoretical and empirical advances in learning and individual differences. The resulting volume, divided in five parts, encompasses not only prepared papers that were presented at the symposium, but compiled and edited transcriptions of the spontaneous discussions that took place at the symposium. Part I provides an orientation to the treatment of learning and individual differences from three major perspectives: experimental psychology, motivational psychology, and differential/ methodological psychology. Part II continues and expands the discussion of quantitative methodology and applications to learning and individual differences. Part III is devoted primarily to developments in the cognitive ability domain, while Part IV addresses the impact of non-cognitive, personal constructs on learning and performance. The volume concludes with Part V which contains chapters from the closing session of the conference.
Download or read book Sixteenth NASTRAN Users Colloquium written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Emotion and Aging Recent Evidence from Brain and Behavior written by Natalie Ebner and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-05-05 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emotions play a central role in every human life, from the moment we are born until we die. They prepare the body for action, guide decisions, and highlight what should be noticed and remembered. Since emotions are central to daily functioning and well-being, it is important to understand the extent to which aging affects the perception of, attention to, memory for, as well as experience and regulation of emotions. An early scientific view of how people's emotions are affected by aging argued that aging led to a deterioration of emotional function. This theory, represented by for example Carl Jung (1875-1961), claimed that old age is a period of life when people feel an increased emotional sameness and less emotional energy. According to this scientific view, the aging emotional landscape was bleached, barren, and flattened. Current psychological research, however, shows that emotion is rather a psychological domain that is relatively unaffected by the aging process or even improves with age, in contrast to most cognitive functions. For example, even though there is evidence that aging is associated with deficits in emotion recognition, various emotional functions seem to remain intact or become better with age, such as the ability to regulate one’s emotions or the extent of experiencing positive emotions. However, more research is needed to determine brain and behavior related, quantitative and qualitative age-related changes of different aspects of emotion processing and emotional functioning. In the current Frontiers research topic we aim to present exciting new findings related to the effects of healthy aging on both more perceptually driven bottom-up as well as more cognitively driven top-down aspects of emotions. In particular, questions such as the following need to be raised and addressed: What neural and behavioral processes are underlying age differences in emotion perception and memory for emotional information? Are there differences between how older and younger adults experience and regulate their emotions, and what drives these differences? Is there a gradual reduction or more of a qualitative change of our emotional experiences over the life cycle, from the turbulent childhood and youth to the mellower old age? And what aspects of age-related changes in emotional processing can be explained by age-related changes in the brain, and which are more affected by other factors such as changes in other body systems, in experiential processes, or in overall life goals?
Download or read book Joint Task Performance and Impression Formation in Dyads written by Betty-Jean Findlay and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cognitive Assessment written by Kikumi K. Tatsuoka and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-05-22 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces a new methodology for the analysis of test results. Free from ambiguous interpretations, the results truly demonstrate an individual’s progress. The methodology is ideal for highlighting patterns derived from test scores used in evaluating progress. Dr. Tatsuoka introduces readers to the Rule Space Method (RSM), a technique that transforms unobservable knowledge and skill variables into observable and measurable attributes. RSM converts item response patterns into attribute mastery probabilities. RSM is the only up-to-date methodology that can handle large scale assessment for tests such as the SAT and PSAT. PSAT used the results from this methodology to create cognitively diagnostic scoring reports. In this capacity, RSM helps teachers understand what scores mean by helping them ascertain an individual’s cognitive strengths and weaknesses. For example, two students may have the exact same score, but for different reasons. One student might excel at processing grammatically complex texts but miss the main idea of the prose, while another excels at understanding the global message. Such knowledge helps teachers customize a student’s education to his or her cognitive abilities. RSM is also used for medical diagnoses, genetics research, and to help classify music into various states of emotions for treating mental problems. The book opens with an overview of cognitive assessment research and nonparametric and parametric person-fit statistics. The Q-matrix theory is then introduced followed by the Rule Space method. Various properties of attribute mastery probabilities are then introduced along with the reliability theory of attributes and its connection to classical and item response theory. The book concludes with a discussion of how the construct validity of a test can be clarified with the Rule Space method. Intended for researchers and graduate students in quantitative, educational, and cognitive psychology, this book also appeals to those in computer science, neuroscience, medicine, and mathematics. The book is appropriate for advanced courses on cognometrics, latent class structures, and advanced psychometrics as well as statistical pattern recognition and classification courses taught in statistics and/or math departments.
