Download or read book Combined Ion Exchange biological Denitrification for Nitrate Removal from Ground Water written by J. P. van der Hoek and published by . This book was released on 1988* with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nitrate Removal from Ground Water by Ion Exchange written by Robert Simon Reich and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nitrate Contamination written by Istvan Bogardi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nitrate content of drinking water is rising at an alarming rate in several regions of NATO countries and elsewhere in the world. The increase is due to lack of proper sewage treatment, and primarily to excess fertilizer application. Also, eutrophication in several coastal areas is triggered by high nitrate concentrations. The main purpose of this book is to integrate scientific knowledge related to exposure assessment, health consequences and control of nitrate contamination in water. The motivation is related to the magnitude, the possible adverse health effects, and the high cost of control ling nitrate contamination. Future research tasks are defined by an interaction among hydro logists, toxicologists and environmental engineers in an integrated framework for nitrate risk management. The target readership of this book is a mix of university colleagues, practitioners from both the private and public sectors and advanced graduate students working with the hydrological, health science or environmental engineering aspects of nitrate contamination. The main conclusions include: 1. For risk assessment purposes, knowledge and sufficiently accurate models are available to predict nitrate load and its fate in water under changes in land use. 2. Once agricultural exposure controls are implemented, the response times in ground water may be so long as to make controls unrealistic. 3. It is still unknown whether agricultural best management practice is a compromise between nitrate risk reduction and agricultural revenue. 4. The current drinking water guidelines of 10 mg/L NOrN need not be changed.
Download or read book Nitrates in Groundwater written by Larry W. Canter and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-01-22 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This time-saving book provides extensive coverage of all important aspects of nitrates in groundwater, ranging from prevention to problem assessment to remediation. It begins by highlighting the nitrogen cycle and related health concerns, providing both background information and a unique perspective on health issues. It then analyzes subsurface pr
Download or read book Assessing Innovative Technologies for Nitrate Removal from Drinking Water written by Shoeleh Shams and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several health problems may be caused by excess nitrate in drinking water, the most important of which being methemoglobinemia, a potentially fatal disorder, in infants under six months of age. Many different parts of the world have been facing the problem of nitrate contaminated surface and groundwaters due in large part to excessive use of nitrate-based chemical fertilizers. In the Region of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada some groundwater sources have nitrate concentrations approaching the Health Canada and Ontario Ministry of the Environment maximum acceptable concentration (MAC) of 10 mg NO3--N/L. Finding a practical and economical way to reduce nitrate concentrations in representative groundwater in the Region of Waterloo was the overall objective of this research. To achieve this goal, nitrate removal technologies including biological denitrification, ion exchange (IX), reverse osmosis (RO), electrodialysis (ED), and chemical denitrification were reviewed and compared. IX and RO were found to be the most promising technologies for nitrate removal. They have also been approved by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) as Best Available Technologies (BAT). To investigate the feasibility of IX and RO for nitrate removal from representative groundwater in the Region of Waterloo, bench-scale experiments were conducted and compared. These technologies could be considered for application at full- or point-of-use (POU)-scale. Decision support assistance for the selection of the appropriate technology for different technical and economical conditions is provided as an outcome of this work. Two nitrate-selective ion exchange resins (Dowex NSR-1 and Purolite® A-520E), two non-selective resins (Purolite® A-300E and Amberlite® IRA400 Cl), and a commercially-available RO POU device (Culligan® Aqua-Cleer® model RO30), which included a particle filter and a carbon block, were tested with deionized water and real groundwater.* IX results confirmed that production time before resin exhaustion was influenced by operating conditions, specifically bed depth as would be expected. It was also confirmed that the presence of competing anions (sulfate, chloride) and alkalinity adversely affected performance, with sulfate being the main competitor for nitrate removal. The extent of these effects was quantified for the conditions tested. At the end of the runs, the non-selective resins were prone to potential nitrate displacement and release into product water and are therefore not recommended. The nitrate-selective resins did not release previously adsorbed nitrate as their capacity became exhausted. Purolite® A-520E was identified as the best alternative amongst the four resins for removing nitrate from the representative groundwater source. The RO unit removed roughly 80% of the nitrate from groundwater. Background ions didn't appear to compete with each other for removal by RO units, so RO might be a more appropriate technology than IX for nitrate removal from waters with high concentrations of sulfate or TDS. Since RO removes other background ions as well as nitrate, the product water of RO is low in alkalinity and can potentially be corrosive, if water from a small full-scale system is pumped through a communal distribution system. Post-treatment including pH adjustment, addition of caustic soda, and/or corrosion inhibitors may be required. While the carbon block did not play a substantial role with respect to removal of nitrate in the groundwater tested, a potential issue was identified when running RO systems without the carbon block. In deionized water (and presumably in very low alkalinity real waters) it was noted that RO nitrate removal efficiency dropped substantially as the alkalinity of the influent water approached zero. With respect to the scale of application of IX and RO devices, IX can be applied at full-scale without requiring large amounts of space. However, if feed water contains high concentrations of sulfate or TDS, nitrate leakage happens sooner and regeneration would be needed at more frequent intervals. Also, chloride concentrations in IX product water might exceed aesthetic objectives (AO) and should be monitored in cases of high feed water TDS. POU IX devices are not recommended when feed water nitrate concentration is high due to potential nitrate leakage into the product water when the resin is nearing exhaustion which increases public health risk. Issues associated with RO application at full-scale are high energy demand, low recovery, high costs, need of pre-treatment (fouling control), and post-treatment (corrosion control). On the other hand, POU RO devices may be acceptable since low recovery is of less importance in a household system, and product water corrosivity is less relevant. POU RO devices are preferable to POU IX units due to their lower risk of nitrate leakage into treated water. * Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
Download or read book Nitrate Removal from Water Supplies by Ion Exchange written by Dennis A. Clifford and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biological Removal of Nitrate from River Water written by R. B. Gauntlett and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Groundwater Quality written by Harriet Nash and published by Springer. This book was released on 1994-10-31 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Groundwater quality monitoring and testing is of paramount importance both in the developed and developing world. This book presents a series of papers illustrating the varied nature of current research into groundwater quality. Urban and rural supplies are covered through a case history approach, and the importance of remedial action to prevent deterioration is emphasized.
Download or read book Nitrate Removal from Drinking Water Using Combined Ion Exchange Resin Bioregeneration written by Shelir Ebrahimi and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nitrates in Surface and Ground Water written by Gary D. Miller and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Groundwater Geochemistry written by Sughosh Madhav and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-06-14 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains both practical and theoretical aspects of groundwater resources relating to geochemistry. Focusing on recent research in groundwater resources, this book helps readers to understand the hydrogeochemistry of groundwater resources. Dealing primarily with the sources of ions in groundwater, the book describes geogenic and anthropogenic input of ions into water. Different organic, inorganic and emerging contamination and salinity problems are described, along with pollution-related issues affecting groundwater. New trends in groundwater contamination remediation measures are included, which will be particularly useful to researchers working in the field of water conservation. The book also contains diverse groundwater modelling examples, enabling a better understanding of water-related issues and their management. Groundwater Geochemistry: Pollution and Remediation offers the reader: An understanding of the quantitative and qualitative challenges of groundwater resources An introduction to the environmental geochemistry of groundwater resources A survey of groundwater pollution-related issues Recent trends in groundwater conservation and remediation Mathematical and statistical modeling related to groundwater resources Students, lecturers and researchers working in the fields of hydrogeochemistry, water pollution and groundwater will find Groundwater Geochemistry an essential companion.
Download or read book Biological and Ion Exchange Nitrate Removal Evaluation written by Kerry J. Meyer and published by . This book was released on 2010-10-22 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Removal of Nitrogen Compounds from Wastewater written by B. Halling-Sørensen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1993-11-09 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume gives an overview of the wide spectrum of nitrogen removal processes available today. Part A gives a brief outline of nitrogen pollution sources, the global nitrogen cycle and the treatment methods; part B presents details of all biological methods for nitrogen removal; and part C describes the physico-chemical nitrogen removal methods. Design examples relating to parts B and C are given in appendices. Design equations are given in the text, but more emphasis has been placed on the profound understanding of the biological and chemical processes and the basic factors that influence these. Parameters and regression equations for a quantitive description of these factors and their influence on the key processes are presented in several tables. This feature makes the volume a very useful handbook; it will be of great value to those environmentalists who require a record of the available nitrogen removal methods from both biological and chemical viewpoints.
Download or read book Monitored Natural Attenuation of Inorganic Contaminants in Ground Water written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: V.3 ... consists of individual chapters that describe 1) the conceptual background for radionuclides, including tritium, radon, strontium, technetium, uranium, iodine, radium, thorium, cesium, plutonium-americium and 2) data requirements to be met during site characterization.
Download or read book Ion Exchange Technology written by Arup K. SenGupta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-02-27 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides comprehensive coverage of developments in ion exchange areas which would continue to have major impacts in the general pursuit of pollution control and pollution prevention. Its nine chapters can be split into four different theme areas: trace contaminants removals; new materials; desalination and finally controlling gaseous pollutants. This would have value for practicing engineers, scientists and researchers who are pertaining to ion exchange technology. It would also server the needs of those trying to explore and identify new technologies in the areas of pollution control and pollution prevention.
Download or read book Nitrogen Cycle in Ground Water written by Endel Sepp and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Recent Advances on Nitrification and Denitrification written by Ivan Zhu and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2024-01-10 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrification and denitrification are essential processes for the aquatic ecological system and vital for human health. While ammonia is applied for disinfection together with chlorine to produce chloramine, excessive ammonia may cause nitrification and bacteria growth in the water transmission pipeline. Since excessive discharge may cause eutrophication and deterioration of the aquatic system, nitrate is regulated for wastewater discharge in sensitive areas. Further, nitrate needs to be monitored and controlled in drinking water treatment to protect against methemoglobinemia in bottle-fed infants. Various conventional technologies exist, such as adsorption, ion exchange, photocatalytic oxidation, air stripping, biological nitrification and denitrification, and so on, to remove nitrogenous compounds from water. Since ammonia and nitrate are important constituents in fertilizers besides phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), nutrient recovery is drawing attention to maintaining the supply of reliable and sustainable fertilizers. This book provides a comprehensive overview of nitrification and denitrification.
