Download or read book Colonization factors of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli written by Harleen M. S. Grewal and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Colonization Factors of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli Cross reactive and Protective Epitopes written by Anna Rudin and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Studies on the Expression and Regulation of Enterotoxins and Colonization Factors in Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ETEC written by Matilda Nicklasson and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Colonization Factors of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli written by Gloria Viboud and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Escherichia coli written by James M. Fleckenstein and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-06-12 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) constitute a diverse pathotype which shares the ability to secrete and effectively deliver heat-labile (LT) and/or heat-stable (ST) enterotoxins to host epithelial receptors. Respectively, these toxins stimulate production of cAMP and cGMP within host cells, and both of these cyclic nucleotides activate the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) resulting in net efflux of salt and water into the intestinal lumen. Although discovered now more than 40 years ago, new ETEC virulence factors and critical features of the molecular pathogenesis of these organisms continue to emerge. Presently, there is no broadly protective vaccine for ETEC. However recent findings may inform novel approaches to vaccine development for these important pathogens.
Download or read book Genetic Approaches to Microbial Pathogenicity written by W. Goebel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Colonization Factor Antigens of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli written by Yolanda Lopez-Vidal and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterization of Colonization Factors from Enteric Pathogens Vibrio Cholerae and Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli written by Alex Siu Wing Yuen and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vibrio cholerae and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) cause severe gastrointestinal diseases and are a significant cause of mortality in developing countries. These bacteria colonize the gut mucosa and secrete exotoxins resulting in severe diarrhea. Colonization of the small intestine by V. cholerae requires the toxin coregulated pilus (TCP), a type IV pilus that self-associates to hold the bacteria in microcolonies. The TCP assembly apparatus is responsible for secreting a soluble colonization factor, TcpF, which is encoded on the tcp operon along with all genes necessary for TCP assembly. Its function is unknown, but is critical for V. cholerae colonization in the infant mouse model and antibodies against this protein are protective. The ETEC colonization process is less well-characterized, but some ETEC express CFA/III, a type IV pilus that is homologous to TCP, encoded by the cof operon. This operon has a gene cofJ, at a position syntenic to tcpF in the tcp operon, which encodes a putative soluble protein, CofJ, that has similar size to TcpF. We showed that CofJ, like TcpF, is secreted by its type IV pilus system. Although CofJ and TcpF share no amino acid sequence homology with each other or with any other known protein, we hypothesized that they may nonetheless have similar structures and roles in pathogenesis. We solved the TcpF crystal structure to 2.4 Å resolution, revealing a novel bilobed protein with two domains joined by a flexible linker. The N-terminal domain resembles a C-type lectin-like domain and the C-terminal domain has a fibronectin type III fold. We solved the CofJ structure at 2.55 Å resolution. CofJ is very different from TcpF, composed primarily of [beta]-strands forming a large [beta]-sandwich. Structural homology searches revealed CofJ has very limited similarity to the C-terminal domain of perfringolysin O, a pore-forming protein secreted by Clostridium perfringens. As both CofJ and TcpF have patches of surface-exposed hydrophobic residues, we hypothesized that they may interact with epithelial cell membranes. Both proteins associated with synthetic lipid vesicles and CofJ associates with cultured epithelial cells and oligomerizes in their presence. Thus, our preliminary data suggest that CofJ and TcpF bind to epithelial cell membranes.
Download or read book Evolutionary and Functional Relationships of Colonization Factor Antigen I and Other Class 5 Adhesive Fimbriae of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colonization factor antigen I (CFA/I) is the archetype of eight genetically related fimbriae of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) designated class 5 fimbriae. Assembled by the alternate chaperone pathway, these organelles comprise a rigid stalk of polymerized major subunits and an apparently tip-localized minor adhesive subunit. We examined the evolutionary relationships of class 5-specific structural proteins and correlated these with functional properties. We sequenced the gene clusters encoding coli surface antigen 4 (CS4), CS14, CS17, CS19, and putative colonization factor antigen O71 (PCFO71) and analyzed the deduced proteins and the published homologs of CFA/I, CS1, and CS2. Multiple alignment and phylogenetic analysis of the proteins encoded by each operon define three subclasses, 5a (CFA/I, CS4, and CS14), 5b (CS1, CS17, CS19, and PCFO71), and 5c (CS2). These share distant evolutionary relatedness to fimbrial systems of three other genera. Subclass divisions generally correlate with distinguishing in vitro adherence phenotypes of strains bearing the ETEC fimbriae. Phylogenetic comparisons of the individual structural proteins demonstrated greater intrasubclass conservation among the minor subunits than the major subunits. To correlate this with functional attributes, we made antibodies against CFA/I and CS17 whole fimbriae and maltose-binding protein fusions with the amino-terminal half of the corresponding minor subunits. Anti-minor subunit Fab preparations showed hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) of ETEC expressing homologous and intrasubclass heterologous colonization factors while anti-fimbrial Fab fractions showed HAI activity limited to colonization factor-homologous ETEC. These results were corroborated with similar results from the Caco-2 cell adherence assay. Our findings suggest that the minor subunits of class 5 fimbriae may be superior to whole fimbriae in inducing antiadhesive immunity.
Download or read book Food Safety in the 21st Century written by Puja Dudeja and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-09-28 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Food Safety in the 21st Century: Public Health Perspective is an important reference for anyone currently working in the food industry or those entering the industry. It provides realistic, practical, and very usable information about key aspects of food safety, while also systematically approaching the matter of foodborne illness by addressing the intricacies of both prevention and control. This book discusses ways to assess risk and to employ epidemiological methods to improve food safety. In addition, it also describes the regulatory context that shapes food safety activities at the local, national, and international levels and looks forward to the future of food safety. - Provides the latest research and developments in the field of food safety - Incorporates practical, real-life examples for risk reduction - Includes specific aspects of food safety and the risks associated with each sector of the food chain, from food production, to food processing and serving - Describes various ways in which epidemiologic principles are applied to meet the challenges of maintaining a safe food supply in India and how to reduce disease outbreaks - Presents practical examples of foodborne disease incidents and their root causes to highlight pitfalls in food safety management
Download or read book Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 2 written by Robert Black and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2016-04-11 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The evaluation of reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health (RMNCH) by the Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (DCP3) focuses on maternal conditions, childhood illness, and malnutrition. Specifically, the chapters address acute illness and undernutrition in children, principally under age 5. It also covers maternal mortality, morbidity, stillbirth, and influences to pregnancy and pre-pregnancy. Volume 3 focuses on developments since the publication of DCP2 and will also include the transition to older childhood, in particular, the overlap and commonality with the child development volume. The DCP3 evaluation of these conditions produced three key findings: 1. There is significant difficulty in measuring the burden of key conditions such as unintended pregnancy, unsafe abortion, nonsexually transmitted infections, infertility, and violence against women. 2. Investments in the continuum of care can have significant returns for improved and equitable access, health, poverty, and health systems. 3. There is a large difference in how RMNCH conditions affect different income groups; investments in RMNCH can lessen the disparity in terms of both health and financial risk.
Download or read book Foodborne Microbial Pathogens written by Arun K. Bhunia and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-21 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book primarily covers the general description of foodborne pathogens and their mechanisms of pathogenesis, control and prevention, and detection strategies, with easy-to-comprehend illustrations. The book is an essential resource for food microbiology graduate or undergraduate students, microbiology professionals, and academicians involved in food microbiology, food safety, and food defense-related research or teaching. This new edition covers the significant progress that has been made since 2008 in understanding the pathogenic mechanism of some common foodborne pathogens, and the host-pathogen interaction. Foodborne and food-associated zoonotic pathogens, responsible for high rates of mortality and morbidity, are discussed in detail. Chapters on foodborne viruses, parasites, molds and mycotoxins, and fish and shellfish are expanded. Additionally, chapters on opportunistic and emerging foodborne pathogens including Nipah virus, Ebola virus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Brucella abortus, Clostridium difficile, Cronobacter sakazakii, and Plesiomonas shigelloides have been added. The second edition contains more line drawings, color photographs, and hand-drawn illustrations.
Download or read book The Binding Mechanism of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ETEC to Swine Intestinal Epithelia written by Tsung-Jung Lin and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colibacillosis (diarrhea in piglets caused by Escherichia coli) is the leading killer to piglets. Pathogenic E.coli responsible for this onset is referred as diarrheagenic E.coli. In six defined groups of diarrheagenic E.coli, enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) is an important cause of post weaning diarrhea (PWD) in pigs. ETEC was first recognized by their ability to secrete two defined groups of enterotoxins: heat-stable toxin (STs) and heat-labile enterotoxin (LTs). F4 and F18 fimbriae, the most prevalent adhesins are commonly expressed on porcine ETEC to facilitate bacterial colonization. In addition to enterotoxins and fimbrial adhesins, functions of many other colonization factors are constantly identified. In 2009, EtpA, an exoprotein, was identified in human ETEC and confirmed to interact with a conserved region of flagella. This interaction appears critical for ETEC adherence to human intestinal epithelia. Our current study demonstrated that EtpA gene was ...
Download or read book Microbiology of Waterborne Diseases written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-11-08 with total page 719 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of Microbiology of Waterborne Diseases describes the diseases associated with water, their causative agents and the ways in which they gain access to water systems. The book is divided into sections covering bacteria, protozoa, and viruses. Other sections detail methods for detecting and identifying waterborne microorganisms, and the ways in which they are removed from water, including chlorine, ozone, and ultraviolet disinfection. The second edition of this handbook has been updated with information on biofilms and antimicrobial resistance. The impact of global warming and climate change phenomena on waterborne illnesses are also discussed. This book serves as an indispensable reference for public health microbiologists, water utility scientists, research water pollution microbiologists environmental health officers, consultants in communicable disease control and microbial water pollution students. Focuses on the microorganisms of most significance to public health, including E. coli, cryptosporidium, and enterovirus Highlights the basic microbiology, clinical features, survival in the environment, and gives a risk assessment for each pathogen Contains new material on antimicrobial resistance and biofilms Covers drinking water and both marine and freshwater recreational bathing waters
Download or read book The Virulence of Escherichia Coli written by Society for General Microbiology and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1985 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular and Clinical Aspects of Bacterial Vaccine Development written by Dlawer A. A. Ala'Aldeen and published by . This book was released on 1995-08-08 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preventable bacterial infections continue to be a major hazard to human health in an age which has experienced a proliferation in readily available vaccines for such diseases. Molecular and Clinical Aspects of Bacterial Vaccine Development examines the latest developments in bacterial vaccinology and the impact they have had on the control of bacterial infections by comprehensively reviewing old, current and future vaccines. Ten of the most globally prevalent bacterial pathogens are covered, providing an indepth analysis of novel strategies for vaccine design and of the state-of-the-art technology available in this field. This timely and authoritative review of vaccine development will be an essential source of information for scientists, clinicians and public health specialists, as well as postgraduate students in relevant fields.
Download or read book Colonisation Factors Amongst Clinical Isolates of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli written by L. Iyer and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Twenty-one isolates were found to produce enterotoxins, of which fifteen (71%) isolates produced ST only, 2 (10%) produced LT only and 4 (19%) produced both LT and ST.
