Download or read book Capital and Collusion written by Hilton L. Root and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2016-06-28 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why does capital formation often fail to occur in developing countries? Capital and Collusion explores the political incentives that either foster growth or steal nations' growth prospects. Hilton Root examines the frontier between risk and uncertainty, analyzing the forces driving development in both developed and undeveloped regions. In the former, he argues, institutions reduce everyday economic risks to levels low enough to make people receptive to opportunities for profit, stimulating developments in technology and science. Not so in developing countries. There, institutions that specialize in sharing risk are scarce. Money hides under mattresses and in teapots, creating a gap between a poor nation's savings and its investment. As a consequence, the developing world faces a growing disconnect between the value of its resources and the availability of finance. What are the remedies for eliminating this disparity? Root shows us how to close the growing wealth gap among nations by building institutions that convert uncertainty into risk. Comparing China to India, Latin America to East Asia, and contemporary to historical cases, he offers lessons that can help the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund to tackle the political incentives that are the source of poor governance in developing nations.
Download or read book The Economics of Competition Collusion and In between written by Claude d’Aspremont and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-18 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a methodology for the analysis of oligopolistic markets from an equilibrium viewpoint, considering competition within and between groups of firms. It proposes a well-founded measure of competitive toughness that can be used in empirically relevant applications. This measure reflects the weight put by each firm on competition for market share relative to competition for market size – two dimensions of competition involving conflicting and convergent interests, respectively. It further explores several applications, such as the effect of tougher competition on innovation and of output market power on the emergence of involuntary unemployment, as well as the importance of strategic interactions for investment decisions. Relative to the dominant model of monopolistic competition, The Economics of Competition, Collusion and In-between aims to explore an alternative tractable model of firm competition opening the application of oligopoly theory to many fields in economics where general equilibrium features are crucial. It will be relevant to those interested in applied industrial organization, trade, macroeconomics (in particular macrodynamics) and quantitative economics.
Download or read book Collusion and Economic Growth written by Huihua Nie and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, we propose a political-economy model of China that explains both the rapid economic growth and frequent rate of accidents that have occurred in China. The central government delegates authority to the local government to regulate the production activities of the firm. Under information asymmetry, the local government can collude with the firm and choose “bad” technology, the use of which will lead to faster economic growth and more accidents than the use of “good” technology. We characterize optimal equilibrium within collusion contracts, under which the central government will allow collusion when the cost to eliminate collusion is high. We also characterize the optimal collusion-proof contract, under which the payments, reprimands, and taxes that take place between the local government and the firm are endogenously determined. Our predictions on collusion and growth are supported by an empirical study on the coal industry.
Download or read book Cartels and Economic Collusion written by Michael A. Utton and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adam Smith warned of the prevalence of corporate conspiracies more than two hundred years ago. Since then, interest in cartels has sometimes intensified (during the Great Depression, for example) and sometimes diminished, but the need for control has always remained on the antitrust agenda. This well-documented book reviews the economic case against corporate collusion, as well as the arguments made for a more permissive attitude. A survey of recent empirical research reveals not only the prevalence of a wide range of international cartels but also the size of the inefficiencies and costs that they impose on customers and consumers. The antitrust reaction has therefore intensified with greatly increased fines being imposed by the US, the EU and other authorities. At the same time, they have developed sophisticated leniency polices with the aim of destabilizing the illegal conspiracies. After reviewing these measures, the author concludes with the hope that this toughened approach is not modified or reversed during periods of recession.
Download or read book The Theory of Collusion and Competition Policy written by Joseph E. Harrington, Jr. and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2017-11-16 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A review of the theoretical research on unlawful collusion, focusing on the impact and optimal design of competition law and enforcement. Collusion occurs when firms in a market coordinate their behavior for the purpose of producing a supracompetitive outcome. The literature on the theory of collusion is deep and broad but most of that work does not take account of the possible illegality of collusion. Recently, there has been a growing body of research that explicitly focuses on collusion that runs afoul of competition law and thereby makes firms potentially liable for penalties. This book, by an expert on the subject, reviews the theoretical research on unlawful collusion, with a focus on two issues: the impact of competition law and enforcement on whether, how long, and how much firms collude; and the optimal design of competition law and enforcement. The book begins by discussing general issues that arise when models of collusion take into account competition law and enforcement. It goes on to consider game-theoretic models that encompass the probability of detection and penalties incurred when convicted, and examines how these policy instruments affect the frequency of cartels, cartel duration, cartel participation, and collusive prices. The book then considers the design of competition law and enforcement, examining such topics as the formula for penalties and leniency programs. The book concludes with suggested future lines of inquiry into illegal collusion.
Download or read book Collusion written by Fouad Sabry and published by One Billion Knowledgeable. This book was released on 2024-03-25 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is Collusion The term "collusion" refers to a dishonest agreement or covert collaboration between two or more parties with the intention of restricting open competition by deceiving, misleading, or committing fraud against certain individuals or organizations. Not all instances of collusion are regarded to be criminal. By way of example, by engaging in fraudulent activity or acquiring an unfair edge in the market, it is possible to accomplish goals that are prohibited by law. An agreement between companies or individuals to split a market, establish prices, restrict production, or restrict opportunities is referred to as a market division.It may involve activities such as "unions, wage fixing, kickbacks, or misrepresenting the independence of the relationship between the colluding parties" . In the eyes of the law, any and all actions caused by cooperation are regarded as invalid. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Collusion Chapter 2: Duopoly Chapter 3: Monopoly Chapter 4: Oligopoly Chapter 5: Perfect competition Chapter 6: Cartel Chapter 7: Price fixing Chapter 8: Cross elasticity of demand Chapter 9: Anti-competitive practices Chapter 10: Barriers to entry Chapter 11: Decartelization Chapter 12: Market power Chapter 13: Non-price competition Chapter 14: Bertrand competition Chapter 15: Cournot competition Chapter 16: Market structure Chapter 17: Market concentration Chapter 18: Competition (economics) Chapter 19: Tacit collusion Chapter 20: Economic law Chapter 21: Profit (economics) (II) Answering the public top questions about collusion. (III) Real world examples for the usage of collusion in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of Collusion.
Download or read book The Economics of Collusion written by Robert C. Marshall and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2014-01-10 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An examination of collusive behavior: what it is, why it is profitable, how it is implemented, and how it might be detected. Explicit collusion is an agreement among competitors to suppress rivalry that relies on interfirm communication and/or transfers. Rivalry between competitors erodes profits; the suppression of rivalry through collusion is one avenue by which firms can enhance profits. Many cartels and bidding rings function for years in a stable and peaceful manner despite the illegality of their agreements and incentives for deviation by their members. In The Economics of Collusion, Robert Marshall and Leslie Marx offer an examination of collusive behavior: what it is, why it is profitable, how it is implemented, and how it might be detected. Marshall and Marx, who have studied collusion extensively for two decades, begin with three narratives: the organization and implementation of a cartel, the organization and implementation of a bidding ring, and a parent company's efforts to detect collusion by its divisions. These accounts—fictitious, but rooted in the inner workings and details from actual cases—offer a novel and engaging way for the reader to understand the basics of collusive behavior. The narratives are followed by detailed economic analyses of cartels, bidding rings, and detection. The narratives offer an engaging entrée to the more rigorous economic discussion that follows. The book is accessible to any reader who understands basic economic reasoning. Mathematical material is flagged with asterisks.
Download or read book An Economic Theory of Political Collusion and Government Growth written by Fabio Padovano and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Collision and Collusion written by Janine R. Wedel and published by Macmillan + ORM. This book was released on 2015-03-17 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the Soviet Union's communist empire collapsed in 1989, a mood of euphoria took hold in the West and in Eastern Europe. The West had won the ultimate victory--it had driven a silver stake through the heart of Communism. Its next planned step was to help the nations of Eastern Europe to reconstruct themselves as democratic, free-market states, and full partners in the First World Order. But that, as Janine Wedel reveals in this gripping volume, was before Western governments set their poorly conceived programs in motion. Collision and Collusion tells the bizarre and sometimes scandalous story of Western governments' attempts to aid the former Soviet block. He shows how by mid-decade, Western aid policies had often backfired, effectively discouraging market reforms and exasperating electorates who, remarkably, had voted back in the previously despised Communists. Collision and Collusion is the first book to explain where the Western dollars intended to aid Eastern Europe went, and why they did so little to help. Taking a hard look at the bureaucrats, politicians, and consultants who worked to set up Western economic and political systems in Eastern Europe, the book details the extraordinary costs of institutional ignorance, cultural misunderstanding, and unrealistic expectations.
Download or read book The Economics of Competition Collusion and In between written by Claude d'Aspremont and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Empirical evidence shows that many markets are characterized by a few large firms that behave strategically, while cohabiting with a competitive fringe of small firms. Thus, there is a need to consider general equilibrium settings that account explicitly for strategic interactions among big firms. In this short but deep book, d'Aspremont and Dos Santos Ferreira provide several solutions that can reconcile "old" and "new" approaches to market competition through a series of nested frameworks. What makes this book unique is that the authors recognize explicitly the key role played by the labor market for the product market outcome. Their work is, therefore, a fundamental contribution that will allow us to understand better how markets work. Readers will also find a wide range of tools that can be used in different applications." - Jacques-François Thisse, CORE, Université Catholique de Louvain. "Oligopoly in general equilibrium has proved an elusive goal in theory for decades, with Claude d'Aspremont and Rodolphe Dos Santos Ferreira among the small group of scholars that have taken it seriously. In recent years, the big data revolution has revealed just how important very large firms are, especially in international trade, and has encouraged more work breaking away from the perfectly and monopolistically competitive paradigms. This book could not be more timely therefore, and should be required reading for anyone working in this important field." - Peter Neary, Georgetown University Qatar and Merton College, University of Oxford. This book provides a methodology for the analysis of oligopolistic markets from an equilibrium viewpoint, considering competition within and between groups of firms. It proposes a well-founded measure of competitive toughness that can be used in empirically relevant applications. This measure reflects the weight put by each firm on competition for market share relative to competition for market size - two dimensions of competition involving conflicting and convergent interests, respectively. It further explores several applications, such as the effect of tougher competition on innovation and of output market power on the emergence of involuntary unemployment, as well as the importance of strategic interactions for investment decisions. The Economics of Competition, Collusion and In-between provides a methodology for the analysis of oligopolistic markets from an equilibrium viewpoint, considering competition within and between groups of firms. It proposes a well-founded measure of competitive toughness that can be used in empirically relevant applications. It aims to offer an alternative tractable model of firm competition opening the application of oligopoly theory to many fields in economics where general equilibrium features are crucial. It will be relevant to those interested in applied industrial organization, trade, macroeconomics and quantitative economics.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of International Antitrust Economics written by Roger D. Blair and published by Oxford Handbooks. This book was released on 2015 with total page 665 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than any other area of regulation, antitrust economics shapes law and policy in the United States, the Americas, Europe, and Asia. In a number of different areas of antitrust, advances in theory and empirical work have caused a fundamental reevaluation and shift of some of the assumptions behind antitrust policy. This reevaluation has profound implications for the future of the field. The Oxford Handbook of International Antitrust Economics has collected chapters from many of the leading figures in antitrust. In doing so, this two volume Handbook provides an important reference guide for scholars, teachers, and practitioners. However, it is more than a merely reference guide. Rather, it has a number of different goals. First, it takes stock of the current state of scholarship across a number of different antitrust topics. In doing so, it relies primarily upon the economics scholarship. In some situations, though, there is also coverage of legal scholarship, case law developments, and legal policies. The second goal of the Handbook is to provide some ideas about future directions of antitrust scholarship and policy. Antitrust economics has evolved over the last 60 years. It has both shaped policy and been shaped by policy. The Oxford Handbook of International Antitrust Economics will serve as a policy and research guide of next steps to consider when shaping the future of the field of antitrust.
Download or read book Varieties of Collusion written by Torsten Matzke and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book State Business Relations and Economic Development in Africa and India written by Kunal Sen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-07 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the state and business interact effectively they can promote a more efficient allocation of scarce resources, appropriate industrial policy and a more effective and prioritised removal of key obstacles to growth, than when the two sides fail to co-operate or engage in harmful collusion. This book, based on original empirical research undertaken in Africa and India, addresses what constitutes the effectiveness of state-business relations, what explains their formation and evolution over time and whether effective state-business relations matter for economic performance. Analysing the effects of state-business relations on economic performance at both the macro and micro levels, the book concludes that where effective state-business relations are established – either through formal or informal institutional patterns and relationships – the growth effects are generally positive. Establishing, sustaining and renewing effective state-business relations are political processes. The better organized the business community and the government are for purposes of such relations, the more effective state-business relations will be in negotiating growth enhancing policies. The book is of interest to researchers in the fields of development studies, management, economics and political science.
Download or read book Transpareny and Tacit Collusion in a Differentiated Market written by Christian Schultz and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Collusion written by Nomi Prins and published by Bold Type Books. This book was released on 2018-05-01 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this searing exposéformer Wall Street insider Nomi Prins shows how the 2007-2008 financial crisis turbo-boosted the influence of central bankers and triggered a massive shift in the world order. Central banks and international institutions like the IMF have overstepped their traditional mandates by directing the flow of epic sums of fabricated money without any checks or balances. Meanwhile, the open door between private and central banking has ensured endless opportunities for market manipulation and asset bubbles -- with government support. Through on-the-ground reporting, Prins reveals how five regions and their central banks reshaped economics and geopolitics. She discloses how Mexico navigated its relationship with the US while striving for independence and how Brazil led the BRICS countries to challenge the US dollar's hegemony. She explains how China's retaliation against the Fed's supremacy is aiding its ongoing ascent as a global superpower and how Japan is negotiating the power shift from the West to the East. And she illustrates how the European response to the financial crisis fueled instability that manifests itself in everything from rising populism to the shocking Brexit vote. Packed with tantalizing details about the elite players orchestrating the world economy -- from Janet Yellen and Mario Draghi to Ben Bernanke and Christine Lagarde -- Collusion takes the reader inside the most discreet conversations at exclusive retreats like Jackson Hole and Davos. A work of meticulous reporting and bracing analysis, Collusion will change the way we understand the new world of international finance.
Download or read book Big Business Strong State written by Eun Mee Kim and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Debunks the rosy success story about South Korean economic development by analyzing how the state and businesses formed an alliance, while excluding labor, in order to attain economic development, and how these three entities were transformed in the process. Examines development in the country between 1960 and 1990, looking at the interaction between social, economic, and political changes, and describes collaboration and conflict between the state and business. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book Advanced Economic Theory written by Tanner Wilkerson and published by Scientific e-Resources. This book was released on 2018-04-08 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economics is a social science which deals with human wants and their satisfaction. It is mainly concerned with the way in which a society chooses to employ its scarce resources which have alternative uses, for the production of goods for present and future consumption. The theory of factor pricing is concerned with the principles according to which the price of each factor of production is determined and distributed. The distribution of factors of production can be of two types, namely personal and functional. Personal distribution is concerned with the distribution of income among different individuals. Public finance deals with the economics of government. It studies mainly about the income and expenditure of government. So we have to study about different aspects relating to taxation, public expenditure, public debt and so on. Oligopoly falls between two extreme market structures, perfect competition and monopoly. Oligopoly occurs when a few firms dominate the market for a good or service. This implies that when there are a small number of competing firms, their marketing decisions exhibit strong mutual interdependence. By mutual interdependence we mean that a firm's action say of setting the price has a noticeable effect on its rival firms and they are likely to react in the some way. Each firm considers the possible reaction of rivals to its price and product development decisions. In economics and particularly in industrial organization, market power is the ability of a firm to profitably raise the market price of a good or service over marginal cost. In perfectly competitive markets, market participants have no market power. A firm with total market power can raise prices without losing any customers to competitors. Market participants that have market power are therefore sometimes referred to as "e;price makers"e; or "e;price setters"e;, while those without are sometimes called "e;price takers"e;. Significant market power occurs when prices exceed marginal cost and long run average cost, so the firm makes profit. This unique work treats economic growth and development in terms of a theory which is applicable to an economy in the post-industrial, developing, and emerging stages.
