Download or read book Colloidal Nanoparticles for Phase Change Memory Applications written by Marissa Anne Caldwell and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phase change (PC) memory has emerged as a leading candidate for next generation information storage technology. Based on the reversible amorphous-crystalline phase transition of chalcogenide materials, PC technology has already been commercialized through the optical disk industry and is currently being evaluated for non-volatile electronic data storage as phase change random access memory (PCRAM). In either the optical or electronic application, device performance relies on the material properties of the active phase change material (PCM). Traditionally deposited through physio-chemical routes such as sputtering or chemical vapor deposition, the PCM fundamentally limits PC scaling potential as it is expected that key properties will change as the volume of PCM decreases. Colloidal nanoparticle systems provide a unique opportunity to systematically study the properties of materials in the nanosize regime due to the potential for exquisite composition and size control. In this talk, I will present the first colloidal nanoparticle system of a known phase change material. Colloidal GeTe nanoparticles 1.4-4nm in diameter were synthesized through a co-precipitation route and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H and 31P) was used to elucidate the molecular species involved in the reaction pathway and found that a metal center mediated proton transfer is necessary to mediate the relative reactivity of the reactants. In addition, a post-synthetic size selective procedure was developed to separate the nanoparticles into distinct size ranges. Using in-situ heating, the size dependent crystallization temperature was measured by XRD and was found to increase with decreasing nanoparticle diameter suggesting favorable improvements in lifetime data retention for scaled PCRAM cells. To evaluate the potential use in PCRAM devices, electrical measurements were also collected on nanoparticle films. Resistance versus temperature measurements revealed that nanoparticle films retained the high resistive contrast between the amorphous and crystalline phases necessary for PCRAM operation. After design optimization, PCRAM cells were fabricated utilizing the nanoparticles as a solution processable precursor to the PCM. Completed cells showed reversible switching, including threshold switching, characteristic of PCRAM operation. Cycling up to 200 times, the cells are the best performing solution processed PCRAM devices reported to date, suggesting that colloidal nanoparticles are a viable route to PCMs.

Download or read book Colloidal Nanoparticles for Phase Change Memory Applications written by Marissa Anne Caldwell and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phase change (PC) memory has emerged as a leading candidate for next generation information storage technology. Based on the reversible amorphous-crystalline phase transition of chalcogenide materials, PC technology has already been commercialized through the optical disk industry and is currently being evaluated for non-volatile electronic data storage as phase change random access memory (PCRAM). In either the optical or electronic application, device performance relies on the material properties of the active phase change material (PCM). Traditionally deposited through physio-chemical routes such as sputtering or chemical vapor deposition, the PCM fundamentally limits PC scaling potential as it is expected that key properties will change as the volume of PCM decreases. Colloidal nanoparticle systems provide a unique opportunity to systematically study the properties of materials in the nanosize regime due to the potential for exquisite composition and size control. In this talk, I will present the first colloidal nanoparticle system of a known phase change material. Colloidal GeTe nanoparticles 1.4-4nm in diameter were synthesized through a co-precipitation route and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H and 31P) was used to elucidate the molecular species involved in the reaction pathway and found that a metal center mediated proton transfer is necessary to mediate the relative reactivity of the reactants. In addition, a post-synthetic size selective procedure was developed to separate the nanoparticles into distinct size ranges. Using in-situ heating, the size dependent crystallization temperature was measured by XRD and was found to increase with decreasing nanoparticle diameter suggesting favorable improvements in lifetime data retention for scaled PCRAM cells. To evaluate the potential use in PCRAM devices, electrical measurements were also collected on nanoparticle films. Resistance versus temperature measurements revealed that nanoparticle films retained the high resistive contrast between the amorphous and crystalline phases necessary for PCRAM operation. After design optimization, PCRAM cells were fabricated utilizing the nanoparticles as a solution processable precursor to the PCM. Completed cells showed reversible switching, including threshold switching, characteristic of PCRAM operation. Cycling up to 200 times, the cells are the best performing solution processed PCRAM devices reported to date, suggesting that colloidal nanoparticles are a viable route to PCMs.

Download or read book Phase Change Memory written by Andrea Redaelli and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-18 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the physics of phase change memory devices, starting from basic operation to reliability issues. The book gives a comprehensive overlook of PCM with particular attention to the electrical transport and the phase transition physics between the two states. The book also contains design engineering details on PCM cell architecture, PCM cell arrays (including electrical circuit management), as well as the full spectrum of possible future applications.

Download or read book Phase Change Materials written by Simone Raoux and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-10 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Phase Change Materials: Science and Applications" provides a unique introduction of this rapidly developing field. Clearly written and well-structured, this volume describes the material science of these fascinating materials from a theoretical and experimental perspective. Readers will find an in-depth description of their existing and potential applications in optical and solid state storage devices as well as reconfigurable logic applications. Researchers, graduate students and scientists with an interest in this field will find "Phase Change Materials" to be a valuable reference.

Download or read book Emerging Nanoelectronic Devices written by An Chen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-01-27 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging Nanoelectronic Devices focuses on the future direction of semiconductor and emerging nanoscale device technology. As the dimensional scaling of CMOS approaches its limits, alternate information processing devices and microarchitectures are being explored to sustain increasing functionality at decreasing cost into the indefinite future. This is driving new paradigms of information processing enabled by innovative new devices, circuits, and architectures, necessary to support an increasingly interconnected world through a rapidly evolving internet. This original title provides a fresh perspective on emerging research devices in 26 up to date chapters written by the leading researchers in their respective areas. It supplements and extends the work performed by the Emerging Research Devices working group of the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS). Key features: • Serves as an authoritative tutorial on innovative devices and architectures that populate the dynamic world of “Beyond CMOS” technologies. • Provides a realistic assessment of the strengths, weaknesses and key unknowns associated with each technology. • Suggests guidelines for the directions of future development of each technology. • Emphasizes physical concepts over mathematical development. • Provides an essential resource for students, researchers and practicing engineers.

Download or read book Encapsulated Nanostructured Phase Change Materials for Thermal Management written by Yan Hong and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major challenge of developing faster and smaller microelectronic devices is that high flux of heat needs to be removed efficiently to prevent overheating of devices. The conventional way of heat removal using liquid reaches a limit due to low thermal conductivity and limited heat capacity of fluids. Adding solid nanoparticles into fluids has been proposed as a way to enhance thermal conductivity of fluids, but recent results show inconclusive anomalous enhancements in thermal conductivity. A possible way to improve heat transfer is to increase the heat capacity of liquid by adding phase change nanoparticles with large latent heat of fusion into the liquid. Such nanoparticles absorb heat during solid to liquid phase change. However, the colloidal suspension of bare phase change nanoparticles has limited use due to aggregation of molten nanoparticles, irreversible sticking on fluid channels, and dielectric property loss. This dissertation describes a new method to enhance the heat transfer property of a liquid by adding encapsulated phase change nanoparticles (nano-PCMs), which will absorb thermal energy during solid-liquid phase change and release heat during freeze. Specifically, silica encapsulated indium nanoparticles, and polymer encapsulated paraffin (wax) nanoparticles have been prepared using colloidal method, and dispersed into poly-[alpha]-olefin (PAO) and water for high temperature and low temperature applications, respectively. The shell, with a higher melting point than the core, can prevent leakage or agglomeration of molten cores, and preserve the dielectric properties of the base fluids. Compared to single phase fluids, heat transfer of nanoparticle-containing fluids have been significantly enhanced due to enhanced heat capacities. The structural integrity of encapsulation allows repeated uses of nanoparticles for many cycles. By forming porous semi crystalline silica shells obtained from water glass, supercooling has been greatly reduced due to low energy barrier of heterogeneous nucleation. Encapsulated phase change nanoparticles have also been added into exothermic reaction systems such as catalytic and polymerization reactions to effectively quench local hot spots, prevent thermal runaway, and change product distribution. Specifically, silica-encapsulated indium nanoparticles, and silica encapsulated paraffin (wax) nanoparticles have been used to absorb heat released in catalytic reaction, and to mitigate the gel effect during polymerization, respectively. The reaction rates do not raise significantly owing to thermal buffering using phase change nanoparticles at initial stage of thermal runaway. The effect of thermal buffering depends on latent heats of fusion of nanoparticles, and heat releasing kinetics of catalytic reactions and polymerizations. Micro/nanoparticles of phase change materials will open a new dimension for thermal management of exothermic reactions.

Download or read book Advances in Nanotechnology Research and Application 2012 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-12-26 with total page 14170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Nanotechnology Research and Application / 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Nanotechnology. The editors have built Advances in Nanotechnology Research and Application / 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Nanotechnology in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Advances in Nanotechnology Research and Application / 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Download or read book Crystallization of Nanoscaled Colloids written by Philip G. Born and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-05-23 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis deals with the processes that create ordered assemblies from disordered nanoparticles. Ordered packings of nanoscale particles can exhibit unusual properties. This work investigates the self-assembly of such particles, a process widely employed for the generation of ordered structures, but not yet well understood. In situ methods are used to observe the assembly of sub-micron polymer lattices and sub-10 nm gold particles into crystalline monolayers and aggregates. On the basis of these results, the book develops new models that describe the competition between different influences, such as thermal agitation and directional forces. It suggests necessary criteria that lead to the emergence of order.

Download or read book Advances in Neuromorphic Memristor Science and Applications written by Robert Kozma and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-28 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physical implementation of the memristor at industrial scale sparked the interest from various disciplines, ranging from physics, nanotechnology, electrical engineering, neuroscience, to intelligent robotics. As any promising new technology, it has raised hopes and questions; it is an extremely challenging task to live up to the high expectations and to devise revolutionary and feasible future applications for memristive devices. The possibility of gathering prominent scientists in the heart of the Silicon Valley given by the 2011 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks held in San Jose, CA, has offered us the unique opportunity of organizing a series of special events on the present status and future perspectives in neuromorphic memristor science. This book presents a selection of the remarkable contributions given by the leaders of the field and it may serve as inspiration and future reference to all researchers that want to explore the extraordinary possibilities given by this revolutionary concept.

Download or read book Atomic Layer Deposition for Semiconductors written by Cheol Seong Hwang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-18 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offering thorough coverage of atomic layer deposition (ALD), this book moves from basic chemistry of ALD and modeling of processes to examine ALD in memory, logic devices and machines. Reviews history, operating principles and ALD processes for each device.

Download or read book Colloid Science in Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology written by Selcan Karakuş and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-02-12 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents studies on colloidal particle/nanoparticle systems and their applications. Some of the topics covered are include nanoparticle-based drug design, theranostic nanoparticles for cancer therapy, market perspectives of colloidal particles, and stability of nanoparticles. The authors focus on recent findings, applications, and new technological developments of the fundamental properties of colloidal particle systems.

Download or read book Colloidal Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications XI written by Wolfgang J. Parak and published by . This book was released on 2016-08 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Magnetic Nanoparticles written by Evgeny Katz and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-03-05 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present book covers all research areas related to magnetic nanoparticles, magnetic nanorods, and other magnetic nanospecies, their preparation, characterization, and various applications, specifically emphasizing biomedical applications. The chapters written by the leading experts cover different subareas of the science and technology related to various magnetic nanospecies—providing broad coverage of this multifaceted area and its applications. The different topics addressed in this book will be of great interest to the interdisciplinary community active in the area of nanoscience and nanotechnology. It is hoped that this collection and its various chapters will be important and beneficial for researchers and students working in various areas related to bionanotechnology, materials science, biosensor applications, medicine, and many others. Furthermore, this book is aimed at attracting young scientists and introducing them to this field, in addition to providing newcomers with an enormous collection of literature references.

Download or read book Solid State Composites and Hybrid Systems written by Rada Savkina and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid state composites and hybrid systems offer multifunctional applications in various fields of human life, demonstrating solutions to the key problems of the environment, human health, biology, medicine, electronics, energy harvesting and storage. Exploring this innovative field of research, this book details the wide range of materials, techniques, and approaches utilised in composite and hybrid structures in recent years. It will be of interest not only for experienced researchers but also for postgraduate students and young researchers entering the fields of nanoscience, material sciences, and bioengineering. Features: Contains the latest research developments in the materials, techniques, patents, and approaches in the field Includes both fundamental aspects and applied research Edited by two highly experienced researchers

Download or read book Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals Synthesis Properties and Applications written by Vladimir Lesnyak and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-01-06 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nanomaterials and Nanoarchitectures written by M. Bardosova and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-31 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current work consists of nine contributions describing recent progress in the interdisciplinary of Nanoscience, which involves physics, chemistry, engineering, biology and medicine and one essay outlining some important historical and socioeconomic factors pertaining to recent developments in nanoscale science and technology. All 10 chapters have been written by eminent experts in their respective fields. The authors employ the terms ‘nanomaterials’ as building blocks of a range of materials, ‘nanoarchitecture’ represents the design and ‘nanotechnology’ the means to produce a particular device or functionality. Two of the chapters are devoted to novel materials and two others focus on analyzing techniques, which can be used to enable molecular control of the film architecture. Additionally, the reader will find material devoted to photonic and hybrid plasmonic-photonic crystals as well as sections which address their applications, such as the use of plasmonic particles and nanostructures for new sensing concepts and ultrasensitive detection techniques. This work will be of interest to graduate students, researchers and practitioners alike.

Download or read book Colloidal Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications X written by Xing-Jie Liang and published by . This book was released on 2015-03 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of SPIE present the original research papers presented at SPIE conferences and other high-quality conferences in the broad-ranging fields of optics and photonics. These books provide prompt access to the latest innovations in research and technology in their respective fields. Proceedings of SPIE are among the most cited references in patent literature.