Download or read book Collective Preference and Choice written by Shmuel Nitzan and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collective decision-making is a familiar feature of our social, political, and economic lives. It ranges from the relatively trivial (e.g. the choice of the next family car) to the globally significant (e.g. whether or not a country should go to war). Yet, whether trivial or globally significant, such decisions involve a number of challenging problems. These problems arise in the standard social choice setting, where individuals differ in their preferences. They also arise in the standard decision-making setting, where individuals share the same preferences, but differ in their decisional capabilities. The distinctive feature of Collective Preference and Choice is that it looks at classical aggregation problems that arise in three closely related areas: social choice theory, voting theory, and group decision-making under uncertainty. Using a series of exercises and examples, the book explains these problems with reference to a number of important contributions to the study of collective decision-making.
Download or read book Collective Preference and Choice written by Shmuel Nitzan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study of the classical aggregation problems that arise in social choice theory, voting theory, and group decision-making under uncertainty.
Download or read book Positive Political Theory I written by David Austen-Smith and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2010-09-23 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Positive Political Theory I is concerned with the formal theory of preference aggregation for collective choice. The theory is developed as generally as possible, covering classes of aggregation methods that include such well-known examples as majority and unanimity rule and focusing in particular on the extent to which any aggregation method is assured to yield a set of "best" alternatives. The book is intended both as a contribution to the theory of collective choice and a pedagogic tool. Austen-Smith and Banks have made the exposition both rigorous and accessible to people with some technical background (e.g., a course in multivariate calculus). The intended readership ranges from more technically-oriented graduate students and specialists to those students in economics and political science interested less in the technical aspects of the results than in the depth, scope, and importance of the theoretical advances in positive political theory. "This is a stunning book. Austen-Smith and Banks have a deep understanding of the material, and their text gives a powerfully unified and coherent perspective on a vast literature. The exposition is clear-eyed and efficient but never humdrum. Even those familiar with the subject will find trenchant remarks and fresh insights every few pages. Anyone with an interest in contemporary liberal democratic theory will want this book on the shelf." --Christopher Achen, University of Michigan David Austen-Smith is Professor of Political Science, Professor of Economics, and Professor of Management and Strategy, Northwestern University. Jeffrey S. Banks is Professor of Political Science, California Institute of Technology.
Download or read book Collective Decisions and Voting written by Nicolaus Tideman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When one thinks about how collective decisions are made, voting is the method that comes naturally to mind. But other methods such as random process and consensus are also used. This book explores just what a collective decision is, classifies the methods of making collective decisions, and identifies the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Classification is the prelude to evaluation. What are the characteristics of a method of making collective decisions, the book asks, that permit us to describe a collective decision as good? The second part of the book is detailed exploration of voting: the dimensions in which voting situations differ, the origins and logic of majority rule, the frequency of cycles in voting, the Arrow and Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorems, criteria for ways of cutting through cycles and the application of these criteria to a variety of rules, voting over continuums, proportional representation, and voting rules that take account of intensities of preferences. Relatively unknown methods of voting give voting a much greater potential than is generally recognized. Collective Decisions and Voting is essential reading for everyone with an interest in voting theory and in how public choices might be made.
Download or read book Collective Preferences in Democratic Politics written by Scott L. Althaus and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-09-08 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since so few people appear knowledgeable about public affairs, one might question whether collective policy preferences revealed in opinion surveys accurately convey the distribution of voices and interests in a society. This study, the first comprehensive treatment of the relationship between knowledge, representation, and political equality in opinion surveys, suggests some surprising answers. Knowledge does matter, and the way it is distributed in society can cause collective preferences to reflect disproportionately the opinions of some groups more than others. Sometimes collective preferences seem to represent something like the will of the people, but frequently they do not. Sometimes they rigidly enforce political equality in the expression of political viewpoints, but often they do not. The primary culprit is not any inherent shortcoming in the methods of survey research. Rather, it is the limited degree of knowledge held by ordinary citizens about public affairs. Accounting for these factors can help survey researchers, journalists, politicians, and concerned citizens better appreciate the pitfalls and possibilities for using opinion polls to represent the people s voice.
Download or read book Social Choice written by John Craven and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1992-01-16 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook provides a survey of the literature of social choice. It integrates the ethical aspects of the subject, (discussing potentially desirable conditions for social judgements) with positive aspects of decision mechanisms that centre on the revelation of true preferences. The literature on the subject presently consists of a great many papers. This book draws them together in common notation and points out interpretations which are often missing in specialist papers. Applications in economics, electoral politics, and ethics are discussed. The book will be used by senior undergraduate and graduate students of economics, political science and philosophy as a text book in the subject.
Download or read book Social Choice Theory written by Fouad Sabry and published by One Billion Knowledgeable. This book was released on 2024-08-07 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explore the complexities of decision-making with "Social Choice Theory," a key volume in the "Political Science" series. This book delves into how societies make collective choices and the underlying mathematical and philosophical foundations. Essential for those interested in governance, policy, and democratic processes, it provides a thorough examination of key concepts and theories in social choice. Each chapter builds on the last, covering topics such as: 1. Social Choice Theory: Core concepts and significance in collective decision-making. 2. Condorcet Paradox: The issue of intransitive collective preferences. 3. Pareto Efficiency: Evaluating outcomes where no one can be better off without harming others. 4. Kenneth Arrow: Contributions to social choice theory. 5. Arrow's Impossibility Theorem: Challenges in creating a fair voting system. 6. Social Welfare Function: Aggregating individual preferences into collective decisions. 7. Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives: Ensuring choices are unaffected by irrelevant alternatives. 8. Gibbard–Satterthwaite Theorem: Limitations of strategic voting. 9. Welfare Economics: Improving social welfare through resource allocation. 10. Expected Utility Hypothesis: Decision-making to maximize expected utility. 11. Liberal Paradox: Tension between individual rights and collective decision-making. 12. Lexicographic Preferences: Ranking and decision-making processes. 13. Social Choice and Individual Values: Aligning personal preferences with collective decisions. 14. Quasitransitive Relation: Implications for preference aggregation. 15. Extended Sympathy: Understanding preferences and social choice. 16. Economic Justice: Relevance to equitable decision-making. 17. Preference (Economics): Modeling preferences and their impact. 18. Kevin W. S. Roberts: Contributions to social choice theory. 19. Prasanta Pattanaik: Influence on the field. 20. Jury Theorem: Conditions for accurate collective decisions. 21. Fractional Social Choice: Incorporating partial preferences into decision-making. An invaluable resource for professionals, students, and enthusiasts, this book offers deep insights into social choice theory and its applications, making it a must-have for any political science library.
Download or read book Collective Choice and Social Welfare written by A.K. Sen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-07-24 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is concerned with the study of collective preference, in particular with the relationship between the objectives of social action and the preferences and aspirations of society's members. Professor Sen's approach is based on the assumption that the problem of collective choice cannot be satisfactorily discussed within the confines of economics. While collective choice forms a crucial aspect of economics, the subject pertains also to political science, the theory of the state, and to the theory of decision procedures. The author has therefore used material from these disciplines, plus philosophical aspects from ethics and the theory of justice.
Download or read book Rational Choice Collective Decisions and Social Welfare written by Kotaro Suzumura and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1983 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An examination of the phenomenon of social cooperation failure, even amongst a group of rational individuals.
Download or read book Collective Decision Making written by Norman Schofield and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last decade the techniques of social choice theory, game theory and positive political theory have been combined in interesting ways so as to pro vide a common framework for analyzing the behavior of a developed political economy. Social choice theory itself grew out of the innovative attempts by Ken neth Arrow (1951) and Duncan Black (1948, 1958) to extend the range of economic theory in order to deal with collective decision-making over public goods. Later work, by William Baumol (1952), and James Buchanan and Gordon Tullock (1962), focussed on providing an "economic" interpretation of democratic institutions. In the same period Anthony Downs (1957) sought to model representative democracy and elections while William Riker (1962) made use of work in cooperative game theory (by John von Neumann and Oscar Morgenstern, 1944) to study coalition behavior. In my view, these "rational choice" analyses of collective decision-making have their antecedents in the arguments of Adam Smith (1759, 1776), James Madison (1787) and the Marquis de Condorcet (1785) about the "design" of political institutions. In the introductory chapter to this volume I briefly describe how some of the current normative and positive aspects of social choice date back to these earlier writers.
Download or read book Collective Decision Making written by Adrian Van Deemen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-03 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Harrie de Swart is a Dutch logician and mathematician with a great and open int- est in applications of logic. After being confronted with Arrow’s Theorem, Harrie became very interested in social choice theory. In 1986 he took the initiative to start up a group of Dutch scientists for the study of social choice theory. This initiative grew out to a research group and a series of colloquia, which were held approximately every month at the University of Tilburg in The Netherlands. The organization of the colloquia was in the hands of Harrie and under his guidance they became more and more internationally known. Many international scholars liked visiting the social choice colloquia in Tilburg and enjoyed giving one or more presentations about their work. They liked Harrie’s kindness and hospitality, and the openness of the group for anything and everything in the eld of social choice. The Social Choice Theory Group started up by Harrie consisted, and still c- sists, of scholars from several disciplines; mostly economics, mathematics, and (mathematical) psychology. It was set up for the study of and discussion about anything that had to do with social choice theory including, and not in the least, the supervision of PhD students in the theory. Members of the group were, among o- ers, Thom Bezembinder (psychologist), Hans Peters (mathematician), Pieter Ruys (economist), Stef Tijs (mathematician and game theorist) and, of course, Harrie de Swart (logician and mathematician).
Download or read book The Theory of Social Choice written by Peter C. Fishburn and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2015-03-08 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One fundamental premise of democratic theory is that social policy, group choice, or collective action should be based on the preferences of the individuals in the society, group, or collective. Using the tools of formal mathematical analysis, Peter C. Fishburn explores and defines the conditions for social choice and methods for synthesizing individuals' preferences. This study is unique in its emphasis on social choice functions, the general position that individual indifference may not be transitive, and the use of certain mathematics such as linear algebra. The text is divided into three main parts: social choice between two alternatives, which examines a variety of majority-like functions; simple majority social choice, which focuses on social choice among many alternatives when two-element feasible subset choices are based on simple majority; and a general study of aspects and types of social choice functions for many alternatives. Originally published in 1973. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Download or read book Social Choice and Individual Values written by Kenneth J. Arrow and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2012-06-26 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1951, "Social Choice and Individual Values" introduced "Arrow's Impossibility Theorem" and founded the field of social choice theory in economics and political science. This new edition, including a new foreword by Nobel laureate Eric Maskin, reintroduces Arrow's seminal book to a new generation of students and researchers."Far beyond a classic, this small book unleashed the ongoing explosion of interest in social choice and voting theory. A half-century later, the book remains full of profound insight: its central message, 'Arrow's Theorem, ' has changed the way we think."--Donald G. Saari, author of "Decisions and Elections: Explaining the Unexpected "
Download or read book Collective Choice and Social Welfare written by Amartya Sen and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Textbook on the relationship between the objectives of social policy and preferences and aspirations of members of society, with particular reference to collective decision making in respect of social welfare. Bibliography pp. 201 to 218 and statistical tables.
Download or read book Social Choice and Individual Values written by Kenneth Joseph Arrow and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 1963-01-01 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The literature on the theory of social choice has grown considerably beyond the few items in existence at the time the first edition of this book appeared in 1951. Some of the new literature has dealt with the technical, mathematical aspects, more with the interpretive. My own thinking has also evolved somewhat, although I remain far from satisfied with present formulations. The exhaustion of the first edition provides a convenient time for a selective and personal stocktaking in the form of an appended commentary entitled, 'Notes on the Theory of Social Choice, 1963, ' containing reflections on the text and its omissions and on some of the more recent literature. This form has seemed more appropriate than a revision of the original text, which has to some extent acquired a life of its own.
Download or read book Collective Decisions and Voting written by Nicolaus Tideman and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2006 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Voting is often the most public and visible example of mass collective decision-making. But how do we define a collective decision? And how do we classify and evaluate the modes by which collective decisions are made? This book examines these crucial ques
Download or read book Collective Decision Making written by Clifford S. Russell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-26 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2011.This is Volume 11 of fourteen in the library collection of Policy and Government and looks at the applications from public choice theory on decision making. It brings together proceedings that look seek to answer the question for the forum, which was whether public choice theory offers promise of providing a firmer foundation for applied institutional research and for institutional innovations which could contribute to the solution of some of these problems.
