Download or read book Code Optimization Techniques for Embedded Processors written by Rainer Leupers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The building blocks of today's and future embedded systems are complex intellectual property components, or cores, many of which are programmable processors. Traditionally, these embedded processors mostly have been pro grammed in assembly languages due to efficiency reasons. This implies time consuming programming, extensive debugging, and low code portability. The requirements of short time-to-market and dependability of embedded systems are obviously much better met by using high-level language (e.g. C) compil ers instead of assembly. However, the use of C compilers frequently incurs a code quality overhead as compared to manually written assembly programs. Due to the need for efficient embedded systems, this overhead must be very low in order to make compilers useful in practice. In turn, this requires new compiler techniques that take the specific constraints in embedded system de sign into account. An example are the specialized architectures of recent DSP and multimedia processors, which are not yet sufficiently exploited by existing compilers.
Download or read book Source Code Optimization Techniques for Data Flow Dominated Embedded Software written by Heiko Falk and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-19 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on source-to-source code transformations that remove addressing-related overhead present in most multimedia or signal processing application programs. This approach is complementary to existing compiler technology. What is particularly attractive about the transformation flow pre sented here is that its behavior is nearly independent of the target processor platform and the underlying compiler. Hence, the different source code trans formations developed here lead to impressive performance improvements on most existing processor architecture styles, ranging from RISCs like ARM7 or MIPS over Superscalars like Intel-Pentium, PowerPC, DEC-Alpha, Sun and HP, to VLIW DSPs like TI C6x and Philips TriMedia. The source code did not have to be modified between processors to obtain these results. Apart from the performance improvements, the estimated energy is also significantly reduced for a given application run. These results were not obtained for academic codes but for realistic and rep resentative applications, all selected from the multimedia domain. That shows the industrial relevance and importance of this research. At the same time, the scientific novelty and quality of the contributions have lead to several excellent papers that have been published in internationally renowned conferences like e. g. DATE. This book is hence of interest for academic researchers, both because of the overall description of the methodology and related work context and for the detailed descriptions of the compilation techniques and algorithms.
Download or read book Advanced Memory Optimization Techniques for Low Power Embedded Processors written by Manish Verma and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-06-20 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book proposes novel memory hierarchies and software optimization techniques for the optimal utilization of memory hierarchies. It presents a wide range of optimizations, progressively increasing in the complexity of analysis and of memory hierarchies. The final chapter covers optimization techniques for applications consisting of multiple processes found in most modern embedded devices.
Download or read book Software Engineering for Embedded Systems written by Robert Oshana and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-04-01 with total page 1200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Code optimization is a critical step in the development process as it directly impacts the ability of the system to do its intended job. Code that executes faster means more channels, more work performed and competitive advantage. Code that executes in less memory enables more application features to fit into the cell phone. Code that executes with less overall power consumption increases battery life or reduces money spent on powering a base station. This chapter is intended to help programmers write the most efficient code possible, whether that is measured in processor cycles, memory, or power. It starts with an introduction to using the tool chain, covers the importance of knowing the embedded architecture before optimization, then moves on to cover a wide range of optimization techniques. Techniques are presented which are valid on all programmable architectures – C-language optimization techniques and general loop transformations. Real-world examples are presented throughout.
Download or read book Worst Case Execution Time Aware Compilation Techniques for Real Time Systems written by Paul Lokuciejewski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-24 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For real-time systems, the worst-case execution time (WCET) is the key objective to be considered. Traditionally, code for real-time systems is generated without taking this objective into account and the WCET is computed only after code generation. Worst-Case Execution Time Aware Compilation Techniques for Real-Time Systems presents the first comprehensive approach integrating WCET considerations into the code generation process. Based on the proposed reconciliation between a compiler and a timing analyzer, a wide range of novel optimization techniques is provided. Among others, the techniques cover source code and assembly level optimizations, exploit machine learning techniques and address the design of modern systems that have to meet multiple objectives. Using these optimizations, the WCET of real-time applications can be reduced by about 30% to 45% on the average. This opens opportunities for decreasing clock speeds, costs and energy consumption of embedded processors. The proposed techniques can be used for all types real-time systems, including automotive and avionics IT systems.
Download or read book Code Generation for Embedded Processors written by Peter Marwedel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern electronics is driven by the explosive growth of digital communications and multi-media technology. A basic challenge is to design first-time-right complex digital systems, that meet stringent constraints on performance and power dissipation. In order to combine this growing system complexity with an increasingly short time-to-market, new system design technologies are emerging based on the paradigm of embedded programmable processors. This concept introduces modularity, flexibility and re-use in the electronic system design process. However, its success will critically depend on the availability of efficient and reliable CAD tools to design, programme and verify the functionality of embedded processors. Recently, new research efforts emerged on the edge between software compilation and hardware synthesis, to develop high-quality code generation tools for embedded processors. Code Generation for Embedded Systems provides a survey of these new developments. Although not limited to these targets, the main emphasis is on code generation for modern DSP processors. Important themes covered by the book include: the scope of general purpose versus application-specific processors, machine code quality for embedded applications, retargetability of the code generation process, machine description formalisms, and code generation methodologies. Code Generation for Embedded Systems is the essential introduction to this fast developing field of research for students, researchers, and practitioners alike.
Download or read book Customizable Embedded Processors written by Paolo Ienne and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-08-30 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Customizable processors have been described as the next natural step in the evolution of the microprocessor business: a step in the life of a new technology where top performance alone is no longer sufficient to guarantee market success. Other factors become fundamental, such as time to market, convenience, energy efficiency, and ease of customization. This book is the first to explore comprehensively one of the most fundamental trends which emerged in the last decade: to treat processors not as rigid, fixed entities, which designers include “as is in their products; but rather, to build sound methodologies to tailor-fit processors to the specific needs of such products. This book addresses the goal of maintaining a very large family of processors, with a wide range of features, at a cost comparable to that of maintaining a single processor. First book to present comprehensively the major ASIP design methodologies and tools without any particular bias Written by most of the pioneers and top international experts of this young domain Unique mix of management perspective, technical detail, research outlook, and practical implementation
Download or read book Software Development for Embedded Multi core Systems written by Max Domeika and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2011-04-08 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The multicore revolution has reached the deployment stage in embedded systems ranging from small ultramobile devices to large telecommunication servers. The transition from single to multicore processors, motivated by the need to increase performance while conserving power, has placed great responsibility on the shoulders of software engineers. In this new embedded multicore era, the toughest task is the development of code to support more sophisticated systems. This book provides embedded engineers with solid grounding in the skills required to develop software targeting multicore processors. Within the text, the author undertakes an in-depth exploration of performance analysis, and a close-up look at the tools of the trade. Both general multicore design principles and processor-specific optimization techniques are revealed. Detailed coverage of critical issues for multicore employment within embedded systems is provided, including the Threading Development Cycle, with discussions of analysis, design, development, debugging, and performance tuning of threaded applications. Software development techniques engendering optimal mobility and energy efficiency are highlighted through multiple case studies, which provide practical “how-to advice on implementing the latest multicore processors. Finally, future trends are discussed, including terascale, speculative multithreading, transactional memory, interconnects, and the software-specific implications of these looming architectural developments. Table of Contents Chapter 1 - Introduction Chapter 2 – Basic System and Processor Architecture Chapter 3 – Multi-core Processors & Embedded Chapter 4 –Moving To Multi-core Intel Architecture Chapter 5 – Scalar Optimization & Usability Chapter 6 – Parallel Optimization Using Threads Chapter 7 - Case Study: Data Decomposition Chapter 8 - Case Study: Functional Decomposition Chapter 9 – Virtualization & Partitioning Chapter 10 – Getting Ready For Low Power Intel Architecture Chapter 11 - Summary, Trends, and Conclusions Appendix I Glossary References *This is the only book to explain software optimization for embedded multi-core systems *Helpful tips, tricks and design secrets from an Intel programming expert, with detailed examples using the popular X86 architecture *Covers hot topics, including ultramobile devices, low-power designs, Pthreads vs. OpenMP, and heterogeneous cores
Download or read book Software Engineering for Embedded Systems written by Mike Brogioli and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-04-01 with total page 1200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optimization metrics for compiled code are not always measured in resulting execution clock cycles on the target architecture. Consider a modern cellular telephone or wireless device which may download executables over a wireless network connection or backhaul infrastructure. In such cases, it is often advantageous for the compiler to reduce the size of the compiled code which must be downloaded to the wireless device. By reducing the size of the code needed to be downloaded, savings are achieved in terms of bandwidth required for each wireless point of download. Optimization metrics such as the memory system performance of compiled code are other metrics which are often important to developers. These are metrics correlated to the dynamic run-time behavior of not only the compiled code on the target processor, but also the underlying memory system, caches, DRAM and buses, etc. By efficiently arranging the data within the application or, more specifically, the order in which data and corresponding data structures are accessed by the application dynamically at run-time, significant performance improvements can be gained at the memory-system level. In addition, vectorizing compilers can also improve performance due to spatial locality of data when SIMD instruction sets are present and varying memory-system alignment conditions are met.
Download or read book Embedded Systems written by Jason D. Bakos and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-10-28 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Embedded Systems: ARM Programming and Optimization combines an exploration of the ARM architecture with an examination of the facilities offered by the Linux operating system to explain how various features of program design can influence processor performance. It demonstrates methods by which a programmer can optimize program code in a way that does not impact its behavior but improves its performance. Several applications, including image transformations, fractal generation, image convolution, computer vision tasks, and now machine learning, are used to describe and demonstrate these methods. From this, the reader will gain insight into computer architecture and application design, as well as gain practical knowledge in embedded software design for modern embedded systems. The second edition has been expanded to include more topics of interest to upper level undergraduate courses in embedded systems. Covers three ARM instruction set architectures, the ARMv6 and ARMv7-A, as well as three ARM cores, the ARM11 on the Raspberry Pi, Cortex-A9 on the Xilinx Zynq 7020, and Cortex-A15 on the NVIDIA Tegra K1 Describes how to fully leverage the facilities offered by the Linux operating system, including the Linux GCC compiler toolchain and debug tools, performance monitoring support, OpenMP multicore runtime environment, video frame buffer, and video capture capabilities Designed to accompany and work with most low-cost Linux/ARM embedded development boards currently available Expanded to include coverage of topics such as bus architectures, low-power programming, and sensor interfacing Includes practical application areas such as machine learning
Download or read book Embedded Software for SoC written by Ahmed Amine Jerraya and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-12-30 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title covers all software-related aspects of SoC design, from embedded and application-domain specific operating systems to system architecture for future SoC. It will give embedded software designers invaluable insights into the constraints imposed by the use of embedded software in an SoC context.
Download or read book Retargetable Compiler Technology for Embedded Systems written by Rainer Leupers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is well known that embedded systems have to be implemented efficiently. This requires that processors optimized for certain application domains are used in embedded systems. Such an optimization requires a careful exploration of the design space, including a detailed study of cost/performance tradeoffs. In order to avoid time-consuming assembly language programming during design space exploration, compilers are needed. In order to analyze the effect of various software or hardware configurations on the performance, retargetable compilers are needed that can generate code for numerous different potential hardware configurations. This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the fast developing area of retargetable compilers for embedded systems. It describes a large set important tools as well as applications of retargetable compilers at different levels in the design flow. Retargetable Compiler Technology for Embedded Systems is mostly self-contained and requires only fundamental knowledge in software and compiler design. It is intended to be a key reference for researchers and designers working on software, compilers, and processor optimization for embedded systems.
Download or read book Retargetable Compilers for Embedded Core Processors written by Clifford Liem and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Embedded core processors are becoming a vital part of today's system-on-a-chip in the growing areas of telecommunications, multimedia and consumer electronics. This is mainly in response to a need to track evolving standards with the flexibility of embedded software. Consequently, maintaining the high product performance and low product cost requires a careful design of the processor tuned to the application domain. With the increased presence of instruction-set processors, retargetable software compilation techniques are critical, not only for improving engineering productivity, but to allow designers to explore the architectural possibilities for the application domain. Retargetable Compilers for Embedded Core Processors, with a Foreword written by Ahmed Jerraya and Pierre Paulin, overviews the techniques of modern retargetable compilers and shows the application of practical techniques to embedded instruction-set processors. The methods are highlighted with examples from industry processors used in products for multimedia, telecommunications, and consumer electronics. An emphasis is given to the methodology and experience gained in applying two different retargetable compiler approaches in industrial settings. The book also discusses many pragmatic areas such as language support, source code abstraction levels, validation strategies, and source-level debugging. In addition, new compiler techniques are described which support address generation for DSP architecture trends. The contribution is an address calculation transformation based on an architectural model. Retargetable Compilers for Embedded Core Processors will be of interest to embedded system designers and programmers, the developers of electronic design automation (EDA) tools for embedded systems, and researchers in hardware/software co-design.
Download or read book Software Engineering for Embedded Systems written by Robert Oshana and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-04-01 with total page 1201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Expert Guide gives you the techniques and technologies in software engineering to optimally design and implement your embedded system. Written by experts with a solutions focus, this encyclopedic reference gives you an indispensable aid to tackling the day-to-day problems when using software engineering methods to develop your embedded systems. With this book you will learn: The principles of good architecture for an embedded system Design practices to help make your embedded project successful Details on principles that are often a part of embedded systems, including digital signal processing, safety-critical principles, and development processes Techniques for setting up a performance engineering strategy for your embedded system software How to develop user interfaces for embedded systems Strategies for testing and deploying your embedded system, and ensuring quality development processes Practical techniques for optimizing embedded software for performance, memory, and power Advanced guidelines for developing multicore software for embedded systems How to develop embedded software for networking, storage, and automotive segments How to manage the embedded development process Includes contributions from: Frank Schirrmeister, Shelly Gretlein, Bruce Douglass, Erich Styger, Gary Stringham, Jean Labrosse, Jim Trudeau, Mike Brogioli, Mark Pitchford, Catalin Dan Udma, Markus Levy, Pete Wilson, Whit Waldo, Inga Harris, Xinxin Yang, Srinivasa Addepalli, Andrew McKay, Mark Kraeling and Robert Oshana. Road map of key problems/issues and references to their solution in the text Review of core methods in the context of how to apply them Examples demonstrating timeless implementation details Short and to- the- point case studies show how key ideas can be implemented, the rationale for choices made, and design guidelines and trade-offs
Download or read book Handbook of Signal Processing Systems written by Shuvra S. Bhattacharyya and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-10 with total page 1099 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It gives me immense pleasure to introduce this timely handbook to the research/- velopment communities in the ?eld of signal processing systems (SPS). This is the ?rst of its kind and represents state-of-the-arts coverage of research in this ?eld. The driving force behind information technologies (IT) hinges critically upon the major advances in both component integration and system integration. The major breakthrough for the former is undoubtedly the invention of IC in the 50’s by Jack S. Kilby, the Nobel Prize Laureate in Physics 2000. In an integrated circuit, all components were made of the same semiconductor material. Beginning with the pocket calculator in 1964, there have been many increasingly complex applications followed. In fact, processing gates and memory storage on a chip have since then grown at an exponential rate, following Moore’s Law. (Moore himself admitted that Moore’s Law had turned out to be more accurate, longer lasting and deeper in impact than he ever imagined. ) With greater device integration, various signal processing systems have been realized for many killer IT applications. Further breakthroughs in computer sciences and Internet technologies have also catalyzed large-scale system integration. All these have led to today’s IT revolution which has profound impacts on our lifestyle and overall prospect of humanity. (It is hard to imagine life today without mobiles or Internets!) The success of SPS requires a well-concerted integrated approach from mul- ple disciplines, such as device, design, and application.
Download or read book Embedded Systems Design written by Bruno Bouyssounouse and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-03-30 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This extensive and increasing use of embedded systems and their integration in everyday products mark a significant evolution in information science and technology. Nowadays embedded systems design is subject to seamless integration with the physical and electronic environment while meeting requirements like reliability, availability, robustness, power consumption, cost, and deadlines. Thus, embedded systems design raises challenging problems for research, such as security, reliable and mobile services, large-scale heterogeneous distributed systems, adaptation, component-based development, and validation and tool-based certification. This book results from the ARTIST FP5 project funded by the European Commision. By integration 28 leading European research institutions with many top researchers in the area, this book assesses and strategically advances the state of the art in embedded systems. The coherently written monograph-like book is a valuable source of reference for researchers active in the field and serves well as an introduction to scientists and professionals interested in learning about embedded systems design.
Download or read book Designing Embedded Processors written by Jörg Henkel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-07-27 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To the hard-pressed systems designer this book will come as a godsend. It is a hands-on guide to the many ways in which processor-based systems are designed to allow low power devices. Covering a huge range of topics, and co-authored by some of the field’s top practitioners, the book provides a good starting point for engineers in the area, and to research students embarking upon work on embedded systems and architectures.
