Download or read book Coal Desulfurization in a Rotary Kiln Combustor Quarterly Report No 1 April 16 1990 July 15 1990 written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BCR National Laboratory (BCRNL) has initiated a project aimed at evaluating the technical and economic feasibility of using a rotary kiln, suitably modified, to burn Pennsylvania anthracite wastes, co-fired with high-sulfur bituminous coal. Limestone will be injected into the kiln for sulfur control, to determine whether high sulfur capture levels can be achieved with high sorbent utilization. The principal objectives of this work are: (1) to prove the feasibility of burning anthracite refuse, with co-firing of high-sulfur bituminous coal and with limestone injection for sulfur emissions control, in a rotary kiln fitted with a Universal Energy International (UEI) air injector system; (2) to determine the emissions levels of SO(subscript x) and NO(subscript x) and specifically to identify the Ca/S ratios that are required to meet New Source Performance Standards; (3) to evaluate the technical and economic merits of a commercial rotary kiln combustor in comparison to fluidized bed combustors; and, (4) to ascertain the need for further work, including additional combustion tests, prior to commercial application, and to recommend accordingly a detailed program towards this end.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monthly Checklist of State Publications written by Library of Congress. Exchange and Gift Division and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: June and Dec. issues contain listings of periodicals.
Download or read book Annual Report 1989 90 written by New Brunswick. Department of Transportation and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 1272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: General activity review of associated branches and agencies to the Department which includes corporate securities registrations, a list of tenders received, and general financial data. Branches and agencies reviewed are responsible for motor vehicle activity, highway construction, traffic engineering, telecommunications and public utilities.
Download or read book Environmental Pollution Control written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Enzymatic Desulfurization of Coal Seventh Quarterly Report December 16 1989 March 15 1990 written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our experimental approach focuses on the use of enzymes which catalyze the addition of oxygen to organic compounds. In tailoring the application of these enzymes to coal processing, we are particularly interested in ensuring that oxidation occurs at sulfur and not at carbon-carbon bonds. Previous studies with DBT have shown that the reaction most frequently observed in microbial oxidative pathways is one in which DBT is oxidized at ring carbons. These reactions, as we have said, are accompanied by a considerable decrease in the energy content of the compound. In addition, microbial pathways have been identified in which the sulfur atom is sequentially oxidized to sulfoxide, to sulfone, to sulfonate, and finally to sulfuric acid. In this case, the fuel value of the desulfurized compounds is largely retained. We are evaluating the potential of commercially available enzymes to perform this function.
Download or read book Hydrothermal Pretreatment of Coal Quarterly Report No 4 July 16 October 15 1990 written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During this period we studied the effects of 350°C treatment on Argonne-supplied Wyodak coal with n-alkane undecane in place of water in both 30 min. and 5 hr. experiments. Undecane was chosen because it has a critical temperature of 363°C (calculated), similar to that for water, and is present as a liquid phase at conditions. We anticipated results little different from those from the simple thermal treatment (coal under N2) at the same conditions. In that case we had found the production of volatiles, which were subsequently monitored by field ionization mass spectrometry (FIMS). We found the undecane treatment, however, affected the coal differently. The volatiles production was suppressed substantially after 30 min. treatment, and the product coal after 5 hr. showed virtually no volatility. It appears that the alkane encourages regressive chemistry, and our rationale at present involves its suppressing migration of reactive phenolic fragments from the matrix, and their subsequent irreversible reincorporation. The key element in the process we suggest is the net conversion of labile coal O-Ar bonds to strong coal-Ar bonds.
Download or read book Hydrothermal Pretreatment of Coal Quarterly Report No 2 January 16 1990 April 15 1990 written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We recently examined Argonne supplied Wyodak coal under both thermal (no added water, under N2) and hydrothermal (liquid water present, under N2) conditions at 350°C for periods of 30 min. and 5 hr. We found that the coal produces a tar that is deposited on the reactor insert walls solely at hydrothermal conditions. The shift from 30 min. to 5 hr. yields a tar that is more volatile and has a slightly increased molecular weight. The coals recovered from thermal and hydrothermal treatments are different by pyrolysis-field ionization mass spectrometry (py-FIMS). Specifically, the hydrothermal condition yields py-FIMS volatiles with a higher weight average molecular weight and greater volatility. They are thus less polar, a conclusion consistent with other py-FIMS data showing that the volatiles from the hydrothermally treated coal are lower in phenolics. Our results show that the phenols and catechols in the coal behave very differently. Our data are consistent with a scheme in which the catechol units in the coal engage in condensation at thermal conditions, probably through a catalyzed process related to acidic sites on the mineral matter. The phenols in contrast are unreactive. At hydrothermal conditions, on the other hand, both are released hydrolytically. Thus it appears that the presence of added water decreases or eliminates thermally promoted crosslinking tied to catechol condensation. Unexpectedly, we see acetone and other simple ketones in the Wyodak pyrolysate from both the thermal and hydrothermal treatment. Acetone in some cases is the single most prominent product. These ketones are not seen, however, in the unconfined py-FIMS heating. The difference between confined and unconfined heating suggest that water evolved from the coal itself in confined heating acts in some hydrolytic fashion to liberate the ketones.
Download or read book Coal Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Extraction Separation and Analysis of High Sulfur Coal Technical Progress Report No 13 June 22 1990 October 15 1990 written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coal Reaction Study: The results of the reaction of aqueous cupric chloride with Illinois {number_sign}6 coal are listed on page 21. These results indicate that the oxidative desulfurization of coal with cupric chloride is more complex and less effective than previously reported. Although almost all the pyritic and sulfate sulfur are removed from the coal, the organic sulfur is actually reported to have increased. This may be due to an actual increase in the organic sulfur through a side reaction of the pyrite, or it may be caused by inaccuracy of the ASTM method when large proportions of chloro substituents are present. The amount of chlorine added to the coal (from 0 to 3.18%) is quite large and counterproductive. Most importantly, the amount of non-combustible ash has increased from 15.48 to 51.21%, most likely in the form of copper. This will dramatically decrease both the efficiency of combustion in terms of altering the heat capacity of the coal as well as decrease the amount of energy produced per ton of coal. As a result, it is quite evident that this method of desulfurization needs some modification prior to further exploitation.
Download or read book Enzymatic Desulfurization of Coal Fourth Quarterly Report March 16 June 15 1989 written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our current efforts to develop clean coal technology emphasize the advantages of enzymatic desulfurization techniques and have specifically addressed the potential of using partially-purified extracellular microbial enzymes as well as commercially available enzymes. Our work is focused on the treatment of m̀̀odel ̀̀organic sulfur compounds such as dibenzothiophene (DBT) and ethylphenylsulfide (EPS). Furthermore, we are designing experiments to facilitate the enzymatic process by means of a hydrated organic solvent matrix.
Download or read book Enzymatic Desulfurization of Coal Sixth Quarterly Report September 16 December 15 1989 written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our experimental approach focuses on the use of enzymes which catalyze the addition of oxygen to organic compounds., In tailoring the application of these enzymes to coal processing, we are particularly interested in ensuring that oxidation occurs at sulfur and not at carbon-carbon bonds. Previous studies with DBT have shown that the reaction most frequently observed in microbial oxidative pathways is one in which DBT is oxidized at ring carbons. These reactions, as we have said, are accompanied by a considerable decrease in the energy content of the compound. In addition, microbial pathways have been identified in which the sulfur atom is sequentially oxidized to sulfoxide, to sulfone, to sulfonate, and finally to sulfuric acid. In this case, the fuel value of the desulfurized compounds is largely retained. We are evaluating the potential of commercially available enzymes to perform this function.
Download or read book Permeability Changes in Coal Resulting from Gas Desorption Fifth Quarterly Report August 15 1990 November 15 1990 written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective is to test the hypothesis that the desorption of gases (particularly methane) from coal results in shrinkage of the coal matrix, bringing about a net increase in permeability. The project is currently focused on 3 components tasks: (1) Sample collection, specimen preparation, and compositional characterization. (2) determination of sorption/desorption isotherms. and (3) experimental measurement of swelling and shrinkage of coal specimens during sorption and desorption.
Download or read book Bench scale Co processing Quarterly Report No 9 March 1 1990 June 31 1990 written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the ninth quarterly report. Objective is to extend and optimize UOP's single-stage slurry-catalyzed co-processing scheme. Emphasis is given to defining and improving catalyst utilization and costs, evaluating alternative and disposable slurry-catalyst systems, and improving catalyst recycle and recovery. During this quarter, a temperature survey was completed with the reference V catalyst and liquid recycle. Objective of this study was to determine whether the improved high-severity performance observed for the Mo catalyst with liquid recycle was also possible with the reference V catalyst. In Run 5, a temperature-space velocity study was performed with the V catalyst but without liquid recycle. In that run, plant operability dropped dramatically above 425 C. Recycle was added in Run 21, but the temperature was kept constant at the reference 426 C. This report covers results of bench-scale Run 29, which examined combined effects of liquid recycle and increased temperature.
Download or read book Energy Information Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes indexes.
