Download or read book Co utilization of Pulverized Coal Fly Ashes and Fluidized Bed Combustion Waste written by Chien-Chuan Tang and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluating the Use of Fluidized Bed Combustion Fly Ash as Concrete Pozzolan written by Mona Zahedi and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) are a key ingredient of todays concrete and can vastly improve the durability and sustainability of concrete mixtures. While the demand for fly ash and other suitable pozzolans continues to escalate, the supply of high-quality and economically available fly ash has been shrinking. To maintain and expand the market share of concrete products, it is critical that high-quality, long-lasting and cost-competitive concrete is widely available; this requires a stable and abundant supply of cheap fly ash. Fluidized bed combustion (FBC) fly ash is an alternative source of fly ash that is widely available, but currently not used in concrete. This is due to the lack of guidelines and protocols to evaluate the quality/performance of FBC fly ash and identify necessary beneficiation procedures before it can be incorporated into concrete mixtures. The FBC process is a cheaper and more efficient way of burning waste coal compared to conventional pulverized coal combustion (PCC). In this technology, sulfur-absorbing minerals (e.g., limestones) are added as kiln feed and turbulence is increased, to enable combustion at lower temperatures (750-900C), which in turn reduces NOx emissions. Although FBC fly ash may be a great SCM source, its performance as concrete pozzolan is not yet well understood, and there is a significant need for research to develop guidelines that distinguish usable sources of FBC ash. To address these knowledge gaps, the purpose of this research is to evaluate the feasibility, performance, hydration, and beneficiation of FBC fly ash and determine if and how this alternative fly ash can be used as a viable pozzolan for concrete. In this study, circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) fly ashes were collected from two sources in Pennsylvania (products of anthracite and bituminous waste coal combustion) and characterized for their physical properties, unburned carbon content, bulk chemistry, mineralogy, and reactivity. Results were compared against the requirements of ASTM C618-19 and areas of non-compliance were identified. Further, the characteristics of CFBC fly ashes were linked to the fresh and hardened properties of concrete and mortar mixtures. The fly ashes were used to substitute 20% of Portland cement in concrete mixtures, and their effect on the slump, fresh air content, hardened air properties, compressive strength, chloride ion permeability, and water absorption rate of concrete was evaluated. Equivalent mortar mixtures were also prepared and tested for their drying shrinkage, autogenous shrinkage, expansion in water, resistance to sulfate attack and alkali-silica reaction. The fly ashes met the chemical and physical requirements of ASTM C618-19, except for elevated LOI (in both fly ashes) and elevated SO3 (in bituminous fly ash). Despite this, concrete with proper slump, air content, and strength development was produced by adequate dosing of chemical admixtures. The high SO3 content in bituminous fly ash did not produce deleterious expansion during autogenous shrinkage testing and the value of 14-day expansion in water was close to the ASTM threshold. Use of CFBC fly ash was found to be most effective in mitigating chloride ion penetration and alkali-silica reaction. This was mainly due to the contribution of CFBC fly ash in lowering the alkalinity of the pore solution, increasing its aluminum and silicon ion concentration, as well as refining the pore structure. Both fly ashes did not have a significant effect on drying shrinkage. Samples containing anthracite fly ash were able to withstand severe sulfate attack, but the use of bituminous fly ash led to premature failure. Understanding the pozzolanic mechanism of CFBC fly ashes in concrete was one of the main components of this research. For this purpose, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed on binary paste mixtures containing 20% CFBC fly ash. Hydration of reactive phases (calcined clay, aluminosilica glass, anhydrite, free lime) in CFBC fly ash which made up close to 75 % of its mass, resulted in the generation of ettringite, CO3-AFm (i.e., hemicarboaluminate, monocarboaluminate), and C-A-S-H phases. Bituminous fly ash contributed to greater ettringite and secondary C-A-S-H gel formation, while anthracite fly ash was responsible for greater AFm phase production. Use of CFBC fly ash led to greater Si/Ca and Al/Ca values for the C-A-S-H phase, compared to the 100% OPC mixture.Finally, carbon neutralization/reduction techniques were investigated for their efficiency in reducing the interference of CFBC fly ash with air-entraining admixtures (AEA) performance in concrete. Coating of unburned carbon with sacrificial surfactants improved the slump and compressive strength of concrete, but slightly reduced its fresh and hardened air content. Combustion of fly ash at 500oC for 2h was very effective in reducing the AEA uptake by CFBC fly ashes, and increased combustion temperatures did not yield any significant improvements.
Download or read book Properties and Use of Coal Fly Ash written by Lindon K.A. Sear and published by Thomas Telford. This book was released on 2001-10-15 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book draws together a large quantity of research that has been carried out on pulverised fuel ash (PFA) over the past 30 years.In addition to covering the potential uses of PFA it provides an overview of the benefits of use.
Download or read book Co utilization of Class C Fly Ash and Atmospheric Fluidized Bed Combustion Residue as Road Base Material written by Timothy William Anderson and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences written by Wade H. Shafer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and disseminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS)* at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dis semination phases of the activity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all concerned if the printing and distribution of the volumes were handled by an international publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 39 (thesis year 1994) a total of 13,953 thesis titles from 21 Canadian and 159 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for these titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this impor tant annual reference work. While Volume 39 reports theses submitted in 1994, on occasion, certain uni versities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.
Download or read book Flue Gas and Fly Ash written by P.F. Sens and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-09-02 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of a contractors' meeting organized by the Commission of the European Communities, Directorate-General XII for Science, Research and Development, held in Brussels, Belgium, 16 June 1988.
Download or read book Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion written by Guangxi Yue and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-07-28 with total page 1186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion (FBC) collect 9 plenary lectures and 175 peer-reviewed technical papers presented in the conference held in Xi'an China in May 18-21,2009. The conference was the 20th conference in a series, covering the latest fundamental research results, as well as the application experience from pilot plants, demonstrations and industrial units regarding to the FBC science and technology. It was co-hosted by Tsinghua University, Southeast University, Zhejiang University, China Electricity Council and Chinese Machinery Industry Federation. A particular feature of the proceedings is the balance between the papers submitted by experts from industry and the papers submitted by academic researchers, aiming to bring academic knowledge to application as well as to define new areas for research. The authors of the proceedings are the most active researchers, technology developers, experienced and representative facility operators and manufacturers. They presented the latest research results, state-of-the-art development and projects, and the useful experience. The proceedings are divided into following sections: • CFB Boiler Technology, Operation and Design • Fundamental Research on Fluidization and Fluidized Combustion • C02 Capture and Chemical Looping • Gasification • Modeling and Simulation on FBC Technology • Environments and Pollutant Control • Sustainable Fuels The proceedings can be served as idea references for researchers, engineers, academia and graduate students, plant operators, boiler manufacturers, component suppliers, and technical managers who work on FBC fundamental research, technology development and industrial application.
Download or read book Flue Gas Desulfurization and Industrial Minerals written by M. Michael Miller and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains 4,101 references on FGD [Flue Gas Desulfurization] ... primarily from 1982 through June 1993. Complements the "Flue Gas Desulfurization and Denitrification" bibliography published by the U.S. Dept. of Energy in Jan. 1985. References were located on the Energy, Science and Technology, Pollution Abstracts, and Environmental Bibliography databases. Primarily covers FGD and the use of industrial minerals in the desulfurization process or in by-product utilization and disposal. Emphasizes post-combustion removal of sulfur dioxide through processes such as in-duct injection and wet and dry scrubbing.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fossil Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 1052 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coal Fired Power Generation Handbook written by James G. Speight and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-02-17 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coal accounts for approximately one quarter of world energy consumption and of the coal produced worldwide approximately 65% is shipped to electricity producers and 33% to industrial consumers, with most of the remainder going to consumers in the residential and commercial sectors. The total share of total world energy consumption by coal is expected to increase to almost 30% in 2035. This book describes the challenges and steps by which electricity is produced form coal and deals with the challenges for removing the environmental objections to the use of coal in future power plants. New technologies are described that could virtually eliminate the sulfur, nitrogen, and mercury pollutants that are released when coal is burned for electricity generation. In addition, technologies for the capture greenhouse gases emitted from coal-fired power plants are described and the means of preventing such emissions from contributing to global warming concerns. Written by one of the world’s leading energy experts, this volume is a must-have for any engineer, scientist, or student working in this field, providing a valuable reference and guide in a quickly changing field.
Download or read book Congressional Record written by United States. Congress and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 1462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sustainable Concrete Made with Ashes and Dust from Different Sources written by Rafat Siddique and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2021-11-17 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable Concrete Made with Ashes and Dust from Different Sources: Materials, Properties and Applications focuses on individual materials, addressing material characterization, their role in the strength and durability of construction materials, and structural applications. Each chapter reflects the current state-of-the-art in terms of the effective and efficient use of the material. Types of ashes covered are Coal Fly Ash, Coal Bottom Ash, Bagasse Ash, MSW Ash, Red Mud, Waste Marble Dust, Sewage Sludge Ash, and Cement Kiln Dust. This book is useful for civil engineers in the design and development of sustainable concrete by utilizing such types of ashes and researchers involved in the design and formulation of new cementitious materials. - Focuses on different types of ashes derived from various sources for use in the development of sustainable concrete - Discusses the economic and environmental impacts, normative restrictions, and implementation in codes and standards related to the use of these by-products/wastes in concretes - Includes coverage of the impact of dust from construction and demolition wastes
Download or read book Development of potential uses for the residue from fluidized bed combustion processes written by L. John Minnick and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Bioenergy written by Peter D. Lund and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-12-07 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing deployment of bioenergy frequently raises issues regarding the use of land and raw materials, infrastructure and logistics. In light of these sometimes conflicting interests Advances in Bioenergy provides an objective and wide-ranging overview of the technology, economics and policy of bioenergy. Offering an authoritative multidisciplinary summary of the opportunities and challenges associated with bioenergy utilization, with international researchers give up-to-date and detailed information on key issues for biomass production and conversion to energy. Key features: *Discusses different bioenergy uses such as transportation fuels, electricity and heat production. *Assesses emerging fields such as bio-based chemicals and bio-refineries. *Debates conditions for the mobilization of sustainable bioenergy supply chains and outlines governance systems to support this mobilization. * Dedicated chapters to sustainability governance and emerging tools such as certification systems and standards supporting growth of a sustainable bioenergy industry. *Considers the political, environmental, social and cultural context related to the demand for energy resources, the impact of this demand on the world around us, and the choices and behaviours of consumers. This book will be a vital reference to engineers, researchers and students that need an accessible overview of the bioenergy area. It will also be of high value for politicians, policymakers and industry leaders that need to stay up to date with the state-of-the-art science and technology in this area.
Download or read book Energy Conversion written by D. Yogi Goswami and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-06 with total page 1193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook surveys the range of methods and fuel types used in generating energy for industry, transportation, and heating and cooling of buildings. Solar, wind, biomass, nuclear, geothermal, ocean and fossil fuels are discussed and compared, and the thermodynamics of energy conversion is explained. Appendices are provided with fully updated data. Thoroughly revised, this second edition surveys the latest advances in energy conversion from a wide variety of currently available energy sources. It describes energy sources such as fossil fuels, biomass (including refuse-derived biomass fuels), nuclear, solar radiation, wind, geothermal, and ocean, then provides the terminology and units used for each energy resource and their equivalence. It includes an overview of the steam power cycles, gas turbines, internal combustion engines, hydraulic turbines, Stirling engines, advanced fossil fuel power systems, and combined-cycle power plants. It outlines the development, current use, and future of nuclear power.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 892 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
