Download or read book Closure of Bank Accounts of Remittance Service Providers Global Challenges and Community Perspectives in Australia written by Louis de Koker and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 2014, the policy focus on large-scale bank account closures of remittance service providers - generally called 'de-risking' - intensified internationally as well as in Australia. While the dilemma of these providers is the result of a complex combination of factors, money laundering and terrorist financing risks feature prominently. Money laundering and terrorist financing laws shifted national security-related financial risk control (including the costs of the risk control measures) to banks, lessening the commercial viability of relationships with small, higher risk customers. Legal rules, furthermore, allow banks to choose who may access their services, including accessing the national payment system via banks, and to terminate their contractual relationships with a customer, as long as they give proper notice.In view of growing evidence of large-scale account closures globally, international standard-setting bodies and national regulators issued statements calling on banks not to engage in such account closures. No compelling evidence has yet emerged that these calls have stemmed the de-risking tide. While an increasing number of publications focus on the nature and extent of these closures, and their impact on remittance service providers, this article considers the policy and legal challenges in view of perspectives of migrant communities who rely on independent community-based remittance providers. It reflects the voices of members of primarily Horn of Africa migrant communities in Melbourne collected during a pilot study of the community views of de-risking closures. It finds that the lack of community engagement by regulators and banks may foster increased social exclusion of members of affected migrant communities. The article argues for active engagement of the affected communities to understand the risks relating to these account closures and to find appropriate solutions, including legal solutions, to protect the significant individual, community, and public interests at stake. Such solutions include (i) recognising a right to a payment account, (ii) increased public-private partnerships between regulators and banks, including in relation to utilities, to enable them to manage integrity risks relating to remittance providers effectively and efficiently, and (iii) improved risk-based regulation and supervision of remittance service providers.
Download or read book Pacific Injustice and Instability written by Ross P. Buckley and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The remittance industry provides international money transfer services for migrant workers and individuals looking to send relatively small amounts of money overseas. Money transfer operators ('MTOs') facilitate these international payments and offer services to a segment of the market that is often unserved by banks. An alarming trend is developing in Australia of banks closing the accounts of MTOs. A potential explanation for this trend is the increased cost of regulation and perceived risk to the banks from facilitating these transactions. However, these account closures create real problems for the remittance industry, Australia and the Asia Pacific region. This paper is in five parts. Part I highlights the importance of remittances to the Pacific Island Countries ('PICs') and Australia. Part II explores the trend of account closures in Australia. Part III considers the regulatory framework in Australia, and argues that the current approach to anti-money laundering ('AML') and counter-terrorist financing ('CTF') regulation has had the unintended consequence of encouraging banks to create financial exclusion. Part IV investigates the factors that have influenced bank behaviour. Finally, Part V explores the role that financial regulation should play in promoting financial inclusion. This final part explores how this trend of MTO account closures might be addressed and how the seemingly conflicting goals of AML/CTF regulation can be balanced with financial inclusion.
Download or read book Financial Crime and the Law written by Doron Goldbarsht and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Research Agenda for Economic Crime and Development written by Barry Rider and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2023-08-14 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This contemporary Research Agenda examines the threats to stability and sustainability presented by economically motivated crime and misconduct. Featuring contributions from distinguished experts in the field of criminal law and justice, this book proposes avenues for future research into the legal frameworks designed to prevent and manage economic crime and corruption.
Download or read book Financial Technology and the Law written by Doron Goldbarsht and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-02-04 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Blockchains and cryptocurrencies, open banking, virtual assets, and artificial intelligence have become the buzzword of this decade. This book focuses on these ‘disruptive’ financial technologies that provide alternatives to the traditional financial services typically offered by regulated financial institutions. Financial technologies are characterized by the innovative ways in which they initiate, support or extend traditional financial services or offer alternative financial pathways and products. However, these financial technologies also pose money laundering and terrorist and proliferation financing as well as cyber security risks that require mitigation. This edited volume addresses a range of regulatory and enforcement challenges related to financial technology and financial crime. The book responds to the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals, in particular in relation to economic development, employment, national security, law enforcement and social well-being. Fostering responsible financial innovation promotes long-term economic growth, inclusion, and improved living standards. This book explores how to promote financial innovation while mitigating risks in a way that ensures financial prosperity and social inclusion.
Download or read book Anti money Laundering and Counter terrorism Financing Law and Policy written by Anne Imobersteg Harvey and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2019-06-03 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides one of the first accounts of AML/CFT legislation in Australia, sets the international policy context, and outlines key international legal obligations. To minimise the negative impact on personal freedoms, it proposes a reading of Australian provisions in line with international caselaw. Expanding her analysis on the international level, the author offers an appraisal of the measures taken, both in terms of criminal policy and cost for civil society. She argues that the development of soft law and the increased powers given to law enforcement agencies, which sub-contract surveillance to the private sector, further erode the legitimacy of State action and the rule of law, and ultimately the democracy the laws were meant to protect.
Download or read book Financial Crime Law and Governance written by Doron Goldbarsht and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Challenges in Correspondent Banking in the Small States of the Pacific written by Jihad Alwazir and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-04-07 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Access to financial services in the small states of the Pacific is being eroded. Weaknesses in Anti-Money Laundering and Combating the Financing of Terrorism compliance in the context of high levels of remittances are contributing to banks’ decisions to withdraw corresponding banking relationships and close bank accounts of money transfer operators. In this paper, we gather evidence on these developments in the small states of the Pacific, discuss the main drivers, and the potentially negative impact on the financial sector and macroeconomy. We then identify the collective efforts needed to address the consequences of withdrawal of corresponding banking relationships and outline policy measures to help the affected countries mitigate the impact.
Download or read book The Withdrawal of Correspondent Banking Relationships written by Mrs.Michaela Erbenova and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-06-30 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper focuses on the withdrawal of correspondent banking relationships (CBRs) in some jurisdictions post-global financial crisis. It describes existing evidence and consequences of the withdrawal of CBRs and explores drivers of this phenomenon drawing on recent surveys and select country information. While the withdrawal of CBRs has reached a critical level in some affected countries, which can have a systemic impact if unaddressed, macroeconomic consequences have not been identified so far at a global level. The paper presents responses from the international community to address this phenomenon, and explains the role that the IMF has been playing in this global effort, especially with regards to supporting member countries in the context of surveillance and technical assistance, facilitating dialogue among stakeholders, and encouraging data gathering efforts. The paper concludes by suggesting policy responses by public and private sector stakeholders needed to further mitigate potential negative impacts that could undermine financial stability, inclusion, growth and development goals.
Download or read book Money Laundering and Terrorism Financing Risks Posed by Alternative Remittance in Australia written by David Rees and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Remittance Markets in Africa written by Sanket Mohapatra and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remittances sent by African migrants have become an important source of external finance for countries in the Sub-Saharan African region. In many African countries, these flows are larger than foreign direct investment and portfolio debt and equity flows. In some cases, they are similar in size to official aid from multilateral and bilateral donors. Remittance markets in Africa, however, remain less developed than other regions. The share of informal or unrecorded remittances is among the highest for Sub-Saharan African countries. Remittance costs tend to be significantly higher in Africa both for sending remittances from outside the region and for within-Africa (South-South) remittance corridors. At the same time, the remittance landscape in Africa is rapidly changing with the introduction of new remittance technologies, in particular mobile money transfers and branchless banking. This book presents findings of surveys of remittance service providers conducted in eight Sub-Saharan African countries and in three key destination countries. It looks at issues relating to costs, competition, innovation and regulation, and discusses policy options for leveraging remittances for development in Africa.
Download or read book Global Trends 2040 written by National Intelligence Council and published by Cosimo Reports. This book was released on 2021-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.
Download or read book Global Economic Prospects 2006 written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International migration, the movement of people across international boundaries to improve economic opportunity, has enormous implications for growth and welfare in both origin and destination countries. An important benefit to developing countries is the receipt of remittances or transfers from income earned by overseas emigrants. Official data show that development countries' remittance receipts totaled 160 billion in 2004, more than twice the size of official aid. This year's edition of Global Economic Prospects focuses on remittances and migration. The bulk of the book covers remittances.
Download or read book Remittances written by Samuel Munzele Maimbo and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Migrants have long faced unwarranted constraints to sending money to family members and relatives in their home countries, among them costly fees and commissions, inconvenient formal banking hours, and inefficient domestic banking services that delay final payment to the beneficiaries. Yet such remittances are perhaps the largest source of external finance in developing countries. Officially recorded remittance flows to developing countries exceeded US$125 billion in 2004, making them the second largest source of development finance after foreign direct investment. This book demonstrates that governments in developing countries increasingly recognize the importance of remittance flows and are quickly addressing these constraints.
Download or read book International Transactions in Remittances written by Statistical Office of the European Communities and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2009 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The International Transactions in Remittance: Guide for Compilers and Users (RCG)" presents concepts, definitions, and classifications related to remittances. It is consistent with the new standards for measuring balance of payments transactions, as contained in the sixth edition of the "Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6)." These standards are used globally to compile comprehensive and comparable data. "The RCG" identifies the main remittances compilation methods currently being used by compilers and discusses in detail the strengths and weaknesses of each method. It is the first manual providing compilation guidance for remittances and is also the first compilation guide based on concepts set out in "BPM6." Although the "RCG" is primarily aimed at remittances data compilers, it may also be useful for users who wish to understand remittances data.
Download or read book The Remittance Market in India written by Gabi G. Afram and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes the remittance market in India and attempts to identify some of the key actions and public policy measures for the improvement and future development of this market.
Download or read book The Promise of Fintech written by Ms.Ratna Sahay and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2020-07-01 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technology is changing the landscape of the financial sector, increasing access to financial services in profound ways. These changes have been in motion for several years, affecting nearly all countries in the world. During the COVID-19 pandemic, technology has created new opportunities for digital financial services to accelerate and enhance financial inclusion, amid social distancing and containment measures. At the same time, the risks emerging prior to COVID-19, as digital financial services developed, are becoming even more relevant.
