Download or read book Closing the Loop on Neuromodulation for Neurological Diseases written by Doris D. Wang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-05-27 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Neuromodulation An Issue of Neurosurgery Clinics of North America An Issue of Neurosurgery Clinics written by Won Kim and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2014-01-28 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This issue of Neurosurgery Clinics of North America is devoted to "Advances in Neuromodulation." Editors Won Kim, MD, Antonio De Salles, MD, and Nader Pouratian, MD have assembled the top experts to review topics such as: peripheral nerve stimulation; spinal cord stimulation for gait reanimation and vascular pathology; deep brain stimulation for Tourettes, OCD, depression, Parkinson’s disease, eating disorders, dystonia, and headache; and techniques for image-guided deep brain stimulation, advanced imaging for targeting, and closed loop neuromodulation.
Download or read book Closed Loop Systems for Next Generation Neuroprostheses written by Timothée Levi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-04-26 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Millions of people worldwide are affected by neurological disorders which disrupt the connections within the brain and between brain and body causing impairments of primary functions and paralysis. Such a number is likely to increase in the next years and current assistive technology is yet limited. A possible response to such disabilities, offered by the neuroscience community, is given by Brain-Machine Interfaces (BMIs) and neuroprostheses. The latter field of research is highly multidisciplinary, since it involves very different and disperse scientific communities, making it fundamental to create connections and to join research efforts. Indeed, the design and development of neuroprosthetic devices span/involve different research topics such as: interfacing of neural systems at different levels of architectural complexity (from in vitro neuronal ensembles to human brain), bio-artificial interfaces for stimulation (e.g. micro-stimulation, DBS: Deep Brain Stimulation) and recording (e.g. EMG: Electromyography, EEG: Electroencephalography, LFP: Local Field Potential), innovative signal processing tools for coding and decoding of neural activity, biomimetic artificial Spiking Neural Networks (SNN) and neural network modeling. In order to develop functional communication with the nervous system and to create a new generation of neuroprostheses, the study of closed-loop systems is mandatory. It has been widely recognized that closed-loop neuroprosthetic systems achieve more favorable outcomes for users then equivalent open-loop devices. Improvements in task performance, usability, and embodiment have all been reported in systems utilizing some form of feedback. The bi-directional communication between living neurons and artificial devices is the main final goal of those studies. However, closed-loop systems are still uncommon in the literature, mostly due to requirement of multidisciplinary effort. Therefore, through eBook on closed-loop systems for next-generation neuroprostheses, we encourage an active discussion among neurobiologists, electrophysiologists, bioengineers, computational neuroscientists and neuromorphic engineers. This eBook aims to facilitate this process by ordering the 25 contributions of this research in which we highlighted in three different parts: (A) Optimization of different blocks composing the closed-loop system, (B) Systems for neuromodulation based on DBS, EMG and SNN and (C) Closed-loop BMIs for rehabilitation.
Download or read book The Clinical and Ethical Practice of Neuromodulation Deep Brain Stimulation and Beyond written by Markus Christen and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-01-15 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuromodulation is among the fastest-growing areas of medicine, involving many diverse specialties and affecting hundreds of thousands of patients with numerous disorders worldwide. It can briefly be described as the science of how electrical, chemical, and mechanical interventions can modulate the nervous system function. A prominent example of neuromodulation is deep brain stimulation (DBS), an intervention that reflects a fundamental shift in the understanding of neurological and psychiatric diseases: namely as resulting from a dysfunctional activity pattern in a defined neuronal network that can be normalized by targeted stimulation. The application of DBS has grown remarkably and more than 130,000 patients worldwide have obtained a DBS intervention in the past 30 years—most of them for treating movement disorders. This Frontiers Research Topics provides an overview on the current discussion beyond basic research in DBS and other brain stimulation technologies. Researchers from various disciplines, who are working on broader clinical, ethical and social issues related to DBS and related neuromodulation technologies, have contributed to this research topic.
Download or read book Implantable Neural Recording Front Ends for Closed Loop Neuromodulation Systems written by Hariprasad Chandrakumar and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of neuromodulation is to alter neural activity through targeted delivery of a stimulus to specific sites in the body. A prominent example of neuromodulation is deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has proved effective in mitigating the effects of certain neurological conditions. However, existing neuromodulation treatments lack real-time feedback (simultaneous sensing) to adapt stimulation parameters in response to brain dynamics. Hence, neuroscientists and clinicians aim to perform closed-loop neuromodulation, where stimulation can be optimally controlled in real time for better treatment outcomes. In recent years, the community has emphasized closed-loop neuromodulation as a highly desirable tool for administering therapy in patients suffering from drug-resistant neurological ailments. A miniaturized autonomous implant would be instrumental in ensuring that neuromodulation achieves its full potential. A key requirement for any closed-loop neuromodulation system is the ability to record neural signals while concurrently performing stimulation. However, neural stimulation generates large differential and common-mode artifacts at the recording sites, which easily saturate existing implantable recording front-ends due to their limited linear input range. To observe the neural response during stimulation, the front-end must faithfully digitize neural signals in the presence of large stimulation artifacts. The front-end must also satisfy strict constraints on power consumption, noise and input impedance, while achieving a small form-factor. State-of-the-art neural recording front-ends do not meet these requirements. This work presents a recording front-end that can digitize neural signals in the presence of 200mVpp differential artifacts and 700mVpp common-mode artifacts. The front-end consists of a chopper amplifier and a 15.2b-ENOB continuous-time delta-sigma ADC. In the design of the chopper amplifier, new techniques have been proposed that introduce immunity to common-mode interference, increase the DC input impedance (Zin) of the chopper amplifier to 1.5G , and enable the realization of large resistances (90G ) on-chip in a small area for filtering electrode offsets. In the design of the delta-sigma ADC, a modified loop-filter is used along with new linearization techniques to significantly reduce power consumption in the ADC. These techniques enable our recording front-end to achieve a dynamic range of 90dB (14b ENOB) in 1Hz - 200Hz, and 81dB (12.7b ENOB) in 1Hz - 5kHz. Implemented in a 40nm CMOS process, the prototype occupies an area of 0.113mm2/channel, consumes 7.3i W from a 1.2V supply, and can digitize neural signals from 1Hz to 5kHz. The input-referred noise is 1.8i Vrms (1Hz - 200Hz) and 6.35i Vrms (1Hz - 5kHz). The total harmonic distortion for a 200mVpp input at 1kHz is 81dB. Compared to state-of-the-art neural recording front-ends, this work improves Zin by 24.2x (for chopped front-ends), the linear-input range by 2x, the signal bandwidth (BW) by 10x, the dynamic range by 12.6dB, and tolerance to common-mode interferers by 6.5x, while maintaining comparable power and noise performance. The ADC alone consumes 4.5i W, has Zin of 20M , BW of 5kHz, and achieves a peak SNDR of 93.5dB for a 1.77Vpp differential input at 1kHz. The ADC's Schreier FOM (using SNDR) is 184dB, which is 6dB higher than the state-of-the-art in high-resolution ADCs.
Download or read book Bioelectronic Medicine written by Valentin A. Pavlov and published by Perspectives Cshl. This book was released on 2019 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine."
Download or read book Design and Verification of a Closed loop ready High channel count Neuromodulation Unit written by Vahagn Hokhikyan and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to a report by the World Health Organization (WHO), neuropsychiatric disorders affect about one billion people worldwide and are the leading cause of disability in the U.S.. To address this global epidemic, neuroscientific initiatives are being developed globally. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been successful alternate treatment modality for some neuropsychiatric disorders (Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, dystonia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder) when traditional treatment options failed (resection, medication, and psychotherapy). According to one long term study targeting Parkinson's disease, patients' motor function and daily activity-scores improve about 50% while off medication and receiving only DBS therapy. This therapy is delivered through large electrodes in the form of fixed-frequency rectangular stimulation pulses in an always-on, open-loop fashion - ignoring the disease state, medication status, or side effects. In this work, we present a more advanced neural implant which, while being backward compatible with traditional DBS therapy, 1) is capable of sensing neural signals while delivering stimulation, 2) has high-channel-count, and 3) can generate non-rectangular stimulation waveforms. These key features are enabled by our custom-designed neural sensing and stimulation integrated circuits (ICs), which along with a few passive components, a miniature printed circuit board, and our user-friendly graphical interface comprise a capable neuromodulation system. Our sensing IC's ability to capture neural signals and stimulation artifacts without saturation at implant-level power is unique. Sampled local field potential (LFP) signals can be used to close the knowledge gap about the disease biomarkers and be fed into closed-loop algorithms for automatic tuning of stimulation parameters based on the disease state. The resulting autonomy will reduce or eliminate the need for periodic clinical visits for re-adjusting stimulation parameters to ameliorate neural network's habituation effects. Our high-channel-count stimulation IC, when paired with high-density probes, will substantially increase the spatial resolution of DBS, which can improve the therapeutic index and potentially result in lower power consumption for achieving the same therapeutic benefits. Also, the ability of our stimulation IC to generate custom, non-rectangular waveforms can lead to increased implant battery life, as some non-rectangular waveforms seem to be more energy efficient. We believe that the proposed system has the potential to improve the quality of patient care and to further our understanding of neuropsychiatric disorders, and we hope that it will soon find an increased use in various clinical and research environments.
Download or read book Handbook of Neuroengineering written by Nitish V. Thakor and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-02-02 with total page 3686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook serves as an authoritative reference book in the field of Neuroengineering. Neuroengineering is a very exciting field that is rapidly getting established as core subject matter for research and education. The Neuroengineering field has also produced an impressive array of industry products and clinical applications. It also serves as a reference book for graduate students, research scholars and teachers. Selected sections or a compendium of chapters may be used as “reference book” for a one or two semester graduate course in Biomedical Engineering. Some academicians will construct a “textbook” out of selected sections or chapters. The Handbook is also meant as a state-of-the-art volume for researchers. Due to its comprehensive coverage, researchers in one field covered by a certain section of the Handbook would find other sections valuable sources of cross-reference for information and fertilization of interdisciplinary ideas. Industry researchers as well as clinicians using neurotechnologies will find the Handbook a single source for foundation and state-of-the-art applications in the field of Neuroengineering. Regulatory agencies, entrepreneurs, investors and legal experts can use the Handbook as a reference for their professional work as well.
Download or read book Neuromodulation in Psychiatry written by Clement Hamani and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-01-26 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by an expert multidisciplinary team, Neuromodulation in Psychiatry is the first reference guide to address both invasive and non-invasive neuromodulation strategies used in psychiatry. Covers basic principles, technical aspects, clinical applications and ethical considerations Presents up-to-date evidence in comprehensive summaries suitable for all levels of experience Each technique is clearly explained along with its implications for real-world clinical practice Allows psychiatrists to make informed decisions regarding neuromodulation for their patients
Download or read book Closed Loop Systems for Next Generation Neuroprostheses written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Millions of people worldwide are affected by neurological disorders which disrupt the connections within the brain and between brain and body causing impairments of primary functions and paralysis. Such a number is likely to increase in the next years and current assistive technology is yet limited. A possible response to such disabilities, offered by the neuroscience community, is given by Brain-Machine Interfaces (BMIs) and neuroprostheses. The latter field of research is highly multidisciplinary, since it involves very different and disperse scientific communities, making it fundamental to create connections and to join research efforts. Indeed, the design and development of neuroprosthetic devices span/involve different research topics such as: interfacing of neural systems at different levels of architectural complexity (from in vitro neuronal ensembles to human brain), bio-artificial interfaces for stimulation (e.g. micro-stimulation, DBS: Deep Brain Stimulation) and recording (e.g. EMG: Electromyography, EEG: Electroencephalography, LFP: Local Field Potential), innovative signal processing tools for coding and decoding of neural activity, biomimetic artificial Spiking Neural Networks (SNN) and neural network modeling. In order to develop functional communication with the nervous system and to create a new generation of neuroprostheses, the study of closed-loop systems is mandatory. It has been widely recognized that closed-loop neuroprosthetic systems achieve more favorable outcomes for users then equivalent open-loop devices. Improvements in task performance, usability, and embodiment have all been reported in systems utilizing some form of feedback. The bi-directional communication between living neurons and artificial devices is the main final goal of those studies. However, closed-loop systems are still uncommon in the literature, mostly due to requirement of multidisciplinary effort. Therefore, through eBook on closed-loop systems for next-generation neuroprostheses, we encourage an active discussion among neurobiologists, electrophysiologists, bioengineers, computational neuroscientists and neuromorphic engineers. This eBook aims to facilitate this process by ordering the 25 contributions of this research in which we highlighted in three different parts: (A) Optimization of different blocks composing the closed-loop system, (B) Systems for neuromodulation based on DBS, EMG and SNN and (C) Closed-loop BMIs for rehabilitation.
Download or read book Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury written by Daniel Laskowitz and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-12-01 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant source of death and permanent disability, contributing to nearly one-third of all injury related deaths in the United States and exacting a profound personal and economic toll. Despite the increased resources that have recently been brought to bear to improve our understanding of TBI, the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches has been disappointingly slow. Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury attempts to integrate expertise from across specialties to address knowledge gaps in the field of TBI. Its chapters cover a wide scope of TBI research in five broad areas: Epidemiology Pathophysiology Diagnosis Current treatment strategies and sequelae Future therapies Specific topics discussed include the societal impact of TBI in both the civilian and military populations, neurobiology and molecular mechanisms of axonal and neuronal injury, biomarkers of traumatic brain injury and their relationship to pathology, neuroplasticity after TBI, neuroprotective and neurorestorative therapy, advanced neuroimaging of mild TBI, neurocognitive and psychiatric symptoms following mild TBI, sports-related TBI, epilepsy and PTSD following TBI, and more. The book integrates the perspectives of experts across disciplines to assist in the translation of new ideas to clinical practice and ultimately to improve the care of the brain injured patient.
Download or read book Functional Neurosurgery and Neuromodulation written by Kim J Burchiel and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2018-05-30 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers expert guidance on functional neurosurgery and neuromodulation, lists of requirements, and the instruments needed to perform these procedures. Answers practical questions such as "What do I need when performing a thermal procedure?", "What do I need to bear in mind when assembling a device?", and "What do I need to remember with regards to voltages, electrodes, percutaneous leads, RF generators, imaging, and micro instruments?" Consolidates today’s available information and guidance in this timely area into one convenient resource. Functional Neurosurgery and Neuromodulation provides comprehensive coverage of this emerging, minimally invasive area of health care. Recent advances in these areas have proven effective for pain relief, memory loss, addiction, and much more. This practical resource by Drs. Kim J. Burchiel and Ahmed Raslan brings you up to date with what’s new in the field and how it can benefit your patients.
Download or read book Essential Neuromodulation written by Jeffrey Arle and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-04-14 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuromodulation is an emerging field that explores the use of electrical, chemical, and mechanical interventions to heal neurological deficits. Such neurostimulation has already shown great promise with disorders and diseases such as chronic pain, epilepsy, and Parkinson’s disease. This is the first concise reference covering all of the basic principles of neuromodulation in a single affordable volume for neuro-residents, fellows, and basic clinical practitioners, edited by two prominent clinical experts in the field. This volume emphasizes essential observations from all of the important clinical phases involved in any neuromodulation: targeting, intraoperative assessment, programming, complications, and complication avoidance. There are commonalities to all neuromodulation procedures that must be brought to the forefront to form a cohesive presentation of neuromodulation, and such emphasis will give readers a more solid grounding in the fundamentals needed to embrace this field as a cohesive clinical entity. Chapters offer point-counterpoint commentary for varied perspectives Appendix distills current guidelines in easy, accessible format Chapters follow story of patient care, effectively emphasizing general principles with supporting examples Offers outstanding scholarship, with over 20% of chapters involving international contributors
Download or read book Deep Brain Stimulation Management written by William J. Marks, Jr and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-09-03 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This concise guide to deep brain stimulation (DBS) outlines a practical approach to the use of this paradigm-shifting therapy for neurologic and psychiatric disorders. Fully revised throughout, the new edition provides extensive information about the application of DBS to movement disorders, and includes new chapters on DBS to treat epilepsy and psychiatric conditions. With the evolution of surgical techniques for DBS lead implantation, a brand new section focused on interventional MRI approaches is also included. All key aspects of DBS practice are covered, including patient selection, device programming to achieve optimal symptom control, long-term management, and troubleshooting. It is a guide to be kept in the clinic and consulted in the course of managing patients being considered for, or treated with, DBS. With contributions from some of the most experienced clinical leaders in the field, this is a must-have reference guide for any clinician working with DBS patients.
Download or read book Neuromodulation written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-05-05 with total page 1089 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuromodulation will be the first comprehensive and in-depth reference textbook covering all aspects of the rapidly growing field of neuromodulation. This book provides a complete discussion of the fundamental principles of neuromodulation and therapies applied to the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, autonomic nerves and various organs. The textbook is highly structured and organized into overarching sections that cover chronic pain, movement disorders, psychiatric disorders, epilepsy, functional electrical stimulation, cardiac, gastrointestinal, genitourinary and organ neuromodulation. The fundamental principles of electricity and infusion, neural tissue interface, biomedical engineering, neuromodulation devices, basic science, neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, imaging and mechanisms are emphasized. In addition to providing details pertaining to the state-of-the-art current practice, innovative and emerging applications are discussed in specific chapters. Finally, the textbook provides specific chapters focusing on the technical aspects of the various neuromodulation procedures as well as technical specifications of various implantable devices. All of the contributors to Neuromodulation represent leading experts in the field. The editors are internationally renowned in their respective fields of neuromodulation, pain management, functional neurosurgery and biomedical engineering. Neuromodulation will be the first and foremost authoritative text on neuromodulation therapies and will establish the gold standard that defines the field for years to come. Key Features The first comprehensive reference on the emerging field of Neuromodulation Editors and authors include all leading figures in the field, and the leaders of the International Neuromodulation Society Over 90 chapters on topics ranging from a layout of the fundamentals (e.g. neuroanatomy, plasticity, bioelectrical effects, infusion therapies), solutions for the biomedical engineering challenges (e.g. materials, how to preserve normal function etc.), to a rundown of the existing applications and their future promise Over 1200 pages in splendid full color, richly illustrated Important areas of application include: control of chronic pain delivery of drugs to the nervous system via implanted devices control of epilepsy, Parkinson, etc. functional restoration, e.g. visual, auditory, restoration after stroke, restoration of motor function after traumatic events stimulation of body organs via neural devices (incl. the heart, abdominal organs, genitourinary organs) overview over newly emerging fields - control of obesity, blood pressure, tinnitus, brain injury, neurodegenerative diseases, brain-machine interfaces
Download or read book Brain Neurotrauma written by Firas H. Kobeissy and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-02-25 with total page 718 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the contribution from more than one hundred CNS neurotrauma experts, this book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date account on the latest developments in the area of neurotrauma including biomarker studies, experimental models, diagnostic methods, and neurotherapeutic intervention strategies in brain injury research. It discusses neurotrauma mechanisms, biomarker discovery, and neurocognitive and neurobehavioral deficits. Also included are medical interventions and recent neurotherapeutics used in the area of brain injury that have been translated to the area of rehabilitation research. In addition, a section is devoted to models of milder CNS injury, including sports injuries.
Download or read book Imaging in Neuroscience and Development written by Rafael Yuste and published by CSHL Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 813 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As imaging studies have continued to expand in scope and sophistication, this new edition of the highly successful and well–received Imaging Neurons: A Laboratory Manualhas expanded to include development, with over twenty new chapters on such topics as MRI microscopy, imaging early developmental events, and labeling single neurons. Chapters on FRET, FCS/ICS, FRAP, hyperresolution microscopy, single molecule imaging, imaging with quantum dots, and imaging gene expression are included. With over forty full chapters, the manual also includes over forty sections of protocols for imaging techniques.
