Download or read book Cloning of Tumor Suppressor Genes in Prostate Cancer by a Novel Tumor Reversion Method written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have proposed a novel approach to the cloning of tumor suppressor genes in prostate cancer. We have developed methods for the transfer of large pieces of human DNA cloned into bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) into human prostate cancer cell lines. For this purpose, we target the BACs with drug resistance and other markers that will allow them to be stably transferred into the cell lines, and then transfer them into several different prostate cancer cell lines. For the next stage of this project, we plan to use several different assays to test the ability of the transferred human DNA to revert (render less tumorigenic) the neoplastic phenotype of the cancer cell lines. These assays will include morphological changes in the cells, doubling time, growth in soft agar, and tumorigenicity in immunodeficient mice. The assays will be used to determine if a particular BAC contains a gene that reverts the transformed phenotype of the cell line, and therefore contains a human tumor suppressor gene. BACs that revert cell lines in this assay will then be fragmented or subdivided, and the subclones tested in our assays. In this way, the tumor suppressor gene on the BAC will be localized precisely.
Download or read book Isolation of Novel Prostate Cancer Tumor Suppressor Genes in African American and Caucasian Men Thru Laser Microdissection and Representational Difference Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We used RDA to identify homozygously deleted DNA clones within metastatic prostate cancer xenograft DNA, and found that all of the homozygously deleted clones mapped to a single region of chromosome 12p. We confirmed that the metastatic lesions from this patient also contained this homozygous deletion, and then analyzed this region in a series of 41 metastatic tumors from 19 patients, where we found that 50% of patients' tumors show loss. This 12p deletion occurs with similar frequency in caucasians and african-americans based on our small sample. We mapped this genomic region, and found that two previously identified potential candidate genes ETV(tel) and CDKN1B(p27) are located there. Analysis of these genes has revealed no sequence changes consistent with an important tumor suppressor role. Extensive analysis of p27 for possible mutational or methylation changes was negative. Major observations from our work include the finding of a homozygous deletion on chromosome 12p in metastatic prostate cancer, considered to be a major indicator that an important gene is nearby on chromosome 12p. Further analysis of this region revealed unexpected high degree of allelic loss in this region. Specific genes in the region were analyzed, and p27 appears to be the likely target, inactivated by loss of one copy. Further analysis was curtailed due to lack of funding.
Download or read book Gene Discovery in Prostate Cancer Functional Identification and Isolation of PAC 1 a Novel Tumor Suppressor Gene Within Chromosome 10p written by Ann M. Killary and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose and scope of this project was to utilize a functional approach for the physical mapping and identification of a novel tumor suppressor gene for prostate cancer within chromosome l0p. The major findings include the development of a technology for serial microcell fusion to transfer defined lop fragments into a mouse A9 fibrosarcoma cell line. Once characterized by FISH and microsatellite analyses, the l0p fragments were subsequently transferred into PC-3H to generate a panel of microcell hybrid clones containing overlapping deletions of chromosome l0p. In vivo and micro satellite analyses of these PC hybrids identified a small chromosome lop fragment (an estimated 31 Mb in size inclusive of the centromere) that when transferred into the PC-3H background, resulted in significant tumor suppression and limited a region of functional tumor suppressor activity to chromosome 10p12.31-q11. This region coincides with a region of LOH demonstrated in prostate cancer. These studies demonstrate the utility of this approach as a powerful tool to limit regions of functional tumor suppressor activity. Furthermore, these data used in conjunction with data generated by the Human Genome Project lent a focused approach to identify candidate tumor suppressor genes involved in prostate cancer.
Download or read book Novel Technology for Cloning Prostate Cancer Cell Merkers written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose of project is to clone, isolate and characterize protein markers specifically expressed by advanced stage, androgen-independent prostate cancers. Two types of markers with this specificity are targeted: proteins secreted specifically by advanced stage prostate cancer cells, potentially useful in serum-based assays for these tumors; markers expressed specifically on the surface of these cells, potentially useful as advanced prostate cancer. Work during the period covered included: (1) Incorporation of the powerful new DNA Microarray Technology into the project, and its use to investigate differential gene expression in the LNCaP series of human cell lines, representing different stages of prostate cancer. (2) Studies demonstrating potential utility but insufficient purity of membrane fraction (MF) prepared from these cells; and use of an alternative fractionation scheme, successful only with the most advanced cells (C4-2B) . We plan to complete the studies under (1), to identify genes regulated during prostate cancer progression; and to use cDNA to the C4-2B MF RNA to probe DNA microarrays, to identify genes
Download or read book Isolation and Characterization of Candidate Tumor Suppressor Genes written by Michele Genini and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Development of a Novel Subtractive Cloning Method and Its Application to the Isolation of Putative Tumour Suppressor Genes in Non small Cell Lung Cancer NSCLC written by Peter Schraml and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Use of Expression Cloning to Identify Novel Antigens Recognized on Human Prostate Tumors to Act as Targets of Cellular Immunotherapy written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our aim is to identify epitopes on the surface of prostate cells that are largely or exclusively tissue- or tumor- specific. This is done by expansion of T cells reactive for HLA-restricted, established tumor lines from the peripheral blood cells and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes of cancer patients. Towards this end, we established a reagent bank of patient material that includes tissue, cells, and serum. We successfully and stably gene-modified the established prostate cell line, LNCaP, so that it expresses HLA-A2 and HLA-Al. We successfully transfected two other cell lines with these genes, transiently but sufficiently, for our in vitro stimulation technique. Several potentially HLA-restricted, tumor-specific T cells have been identified and are currently being cloned for retesting. In order to study tissue distribution, primary normal and tumor prostate tissue are being cultured by methods developed in our laboratory. In addition, we are performing an antibody-based method of antigen discovery that utilizes patient serum. Using this approach, several genes have been identified some of which represent previously unreported, novel genes. Studies are underway to discern the exact epitope being recognized. Studies are also underway to assess the level of gene expression in normal vs. tumor tissue from representative regions of the body.
Download or read book Tumor Suppressor Genes written by Wafik S. El-Deiry and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2003-03-03 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has become clear that tumors arise from excessive cell proliferation and a c- responding reduction in cell death. Tumors result from the successive accumulation of mutations in key regulatory target genes over time. During the 1980s, a number of oncogenes were characterized, whereas from the 1990s to the present, the emphasis shifted to tumor suppressor genes (TSGs). It has become clear that oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes function in the same pathways, providing positive and ne- tive growth regulatory activities. The signaling pathways controlled by these genes involve virtually every process in cell biology, including nuclear events, cell cycle, cell death, cytoskeletal, cell membrane, angiogenesis, and cell adhesion effects. Tumor suppressor genes are mutated in hereditary cancer syndromes, as well as somatically in nonhereditary cancers. In their normal state, TSGs control cancer development and p- gression, as well as contribute to the sensitivity of cancers to a variety of therapeutics. Understanding the classes of TSGs, the biochemical pathways they function in, and how they are regulated provides an essential lesson in cancer biology. We cannot hope to advance our current knowledge and to develop new and more effective therapies without understanding the relevant pathways and how they influence the present approaches to therapy. Moreover, it is important to be able to access the powerful tools now available to discover these genes, as well as their links to cell biology and growth control.
Download or read book Gene Therapy for Cancer written by Kelly K. Hunt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-26 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The three sections of this volume present currently available cancer gene therapy techniques. Part I describes the various aspects of gene delivery. In Part II, the contributors discuss strategies and targets for the treatment of cancer. Finally, in Part III, experts discuss the difficulties inherent in bringing gene therapy treatment for cancer to the clinic. This book will prove valuable as the volume of preclinical and clinical data continues to increase.
Download or read book Multi Omics Approaches to Study Signaling Pathways written by Jyoti Sharma and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-11-18 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Download or read book Systems Biology of Cancer written by Sam Thiagalingam and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-09 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of the current systems biology-based knowledge and the experimental approaches for deciphering the biological basis of cancer.
Download or read book One Renegade Cell written by Robert A Weinberg and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2008-08-04 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer research has reached a major turning point. The quality and quantity of information gathered about this disease in the past twenty years has revolutionized our understanding of its origins and behavior. No one is better qualified to comment on these dramatic leaps forward than molecular biologist Robert A. Weinberg, director of one of the leading cancer research centers in the world. In One Renegade Cell , Weinberg presents an accessible and state-of-the-art account of how the disease begins and how, one day, it will be cured. Weinberg tells how the roots of cancer were uncovered in 1909 and when the first cancer-causing virus was discovered. He then moves forward to the discovery of the role of chemical carcinogens and radiation in triggering cancer, and relates the remarkable story of the discoveries of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, the master controllers of normal and malignant cell proliferation. This book, which presumes little prior knowledge of biology, describes the revolution in biomedical research that has finally uncovered the forces driving malignant growth. Drawing on insights that simply were not available until recently, the discoveries presented in One Renegade Cell have already begun to profoundly alter the way that we diagnose and treat human cancers.
Download or read book Cancer Evolution written by Charles Swanton and published by Perspectives Cshl. This book was released on 2017 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tumor progression is driven by mutations that confer growth advantages to different subpopulations of cancer cells. As a tumor grows, these subpopulations expand, accumulate new mutations, and are subjected to selective pressures from the environment, including anticancer interventions. This process, termed clonal evolution, can lead to the emergence of therapy-resistant tumors and poses a major challenge for cancer eradication efforts. Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine examines cancer progression as an evolutionary process and explores how this way of looking at cancer may lead to more effective strategies for managing and treating it. The contributors review efforts to characterize the subclonal architecture and dynamics of tumors, understand the roles of chromosomal instability, driver mutations, and mutation order, and determine how cancer cells respond to selective pressures imposed by anticancer agents, immune cells, and other components of the tumor microenvironment. They compare cancer evolution to organismal evolution and describe how ecological theories and mathematical models are being used to understand the complex dynamics between a tumor and its microenvironment during cancer progression. The authors also discuss improved methods to monitor tumor evolution (e.g., liquid biopsies) and the development of more effective strategies for managing and treating cancers (e.g., immunotherapies). This volume will therefore serve as a vital reference for all cancer biologists as well as anyone seeking to improve clinical outcomes for patients with cancer.
Download or read book Molecular Biology of Prostate Cancer written by Manfred Wirth and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy written by Robert C. Rees and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tumor immunology and immunotherapy provides a comprehensive account of cancer immunity and immunotherapy. Examining recent results, current areas of interest and the specific issues that are affecting the research and development of vaccines, this book provides insight into how these problems may be overcome as viewed by leaders in the field.
Download or read book Targeted Therapies in Cancer written by Francesco Colotta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-05 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Billions of dollars are spent every year on research into targeted therapies for cancer. That’s why it’s more than ever crucial for the thousands of scientists working in the field to keep right up to date with the cutting edge. This fascinating collection of material goes a long way to helping them do so, featuring as it does contributions to a crucial international meeting in Italy. The meeting provided a forum for scientists and clinicians working in cancer drug discovery and therapy to share their opinions and experiences. The text here offers readers an overview of diverse approaches, ranging from drug discovery to cellular therapy. Overall, the book addresses the key question of whether ultimately targeted therapy in cancer will be a myth or a reality.
Download or read book Ovarian Cancer written by Omer Devaja and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-10-24 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ovarian cancer management is a rapidly changing field with new treatment agents available as a result of a greater understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease. In addition, both surgical and chemotherapeutic treatment strategies are evolving to maximise response in this disease. This book brings together leading specialists from around the world to discuss and outline a variety of new concepts in ovarian cancer, ranging from molecular biology and genetics through screening to both surgical and chemotherapeutic management.
