Download or read book Clio Medica Acta Academiae Internationalis Historiae Medicinae Vol 13 written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-01-29 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As periodical of the International Academy of the History of Medicine, this Clio Medica volume contains 15 papers.

Download or read book Clio Medica Acta Academiae Internationalis Historiae Medicinae Vol 9 written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-01-29 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Le Médecin Genevois Jacques Ballexserd (1726-1774) et 1' “Education Physique des Enfants” /G. De Morsier --Bellini's Concept of Catarrh: An Examination of a Seventeenth-Century Iatromechanical Viewpoint /G. M. Klass --Les Origines de la Transfusion Sanguine. III /Jean-Jacques Peumery --Book Reviews --Circulation Physiology and Medical Chemistry in England 1650-1680. AUDREY B. DAVIS, Coronado Press, Lawrence, Kansas, 1973, 263 pp, with illus, US Dollar8.50. /Arthur Donovan --Microbiology and the Spontaneous Generation Debate during the 1870's. GLENN VANDERVLIET, Coronado Press, Lawrence, Kansas, 1971, 147 pp, with illus, US Dollar5. /Norman Howard-Jones --C. G. Kratzenstein, Professor Physices Experimentalis Petropol. et Havn. and His Studies on Electricity during the Eighteenth Century. E. SNORRASON, Odense University Press. Odense, Denmark, 1974, 206 pp, with illus. /Lester S. King --Medicine and Man. NOËL POYNTER, Penguin Books, London, 1973, 196 pp, US Dollar2.25. /William K. Beatty --Pills, Profits, and Politics. MILTON SILVERMAN and PHILIP R. LEE, University of California Press, Berkeley, 1974, xviii + 403 pp, US Dollar10.95. /James Harvey Young --The Life and Times of Thomas Wakley. S. SQUIRE SPRIGGE, Huntington, Robert E. Krieger Publishing Co., New York, 1974, 509 pp, facsimile of 1899 ed. /Norman Howard-Jones --The House of Life Per Ankh. Magic and Medical Science in Ancient Egypt. PAUL GHALIOUNGUI, B. M. Israël, Amsterdam, 1973, 198 pp, 26 pls., 17 illus. Hfl. 48,-. /Vilh. Möller-Christensen --Contributors to this Issue.

Download or read book Clio Medica written by A.M. Luyendijk-Elshout and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As periodical of the International Academy of the History of Medicine, this Clio Medica volume contains 4 papers.

Download or read book Clio Medica Acta Academiae Internationalis Historiae Medicinae Vol 16 written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-01-29 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As periodical of the International Academy of the History of Medicine, this Clio Medica volume contains 10 papers.

Download or read book Clio Medica written by Marielene Putscher and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Clio Medica Acta Academiae Internationalis Historiae Medicinae Vol 7 written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-01-29 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Les Représentations des Soins Donnés à Philoctète /Danielle Gourevitch --Das mittelalterliche Leprosarium Melaten bei Aachen in der Diözese Lüttich (1230-1550) /Egon Schmitz-Cliever --Sauvages, Whytt and the Motion of the Heart: Aspects of Eighteenth Century Animism /R.K. French --Die Entwicklung der Teratologie seit dem 17. Jahrhundert und ihr Einfluß auf die klinische Medizin /Erich Hintzsche --La Valeur de l'oeuvre scientifique de Amatus Lusitanus, quatre siècles après sa mort /A. Tavares De Sousa --Germ theories in medicine prior to 1870: further comments on continuity in science /Richard Harrison Shryock --Texts and Documents /Luigi Belloni --Documenti su G.A. Brambilla quale “Leibchirurg” dell'imperatore Giuseppe II /Luigi Belloni --Vier Briefe von Constantin von Economo (1876 - 1931) /Jean Théodoridès and Théodore Vetter --Neue Dokumente zum Streit Haller - van Swieten /Erna Leksy --News and Notes --In Memoriam Richard H. Shryock /Erwin H. Ackerknecht --Valeriu L. Bologa (1892-1971) /Vasile Manoliu --International Academy of the History of Medicine: Election Results 1971 /Heinrich Schipperges --The University of Chicago - The Morris Fishbein Center --The C.D. O'Malley International Symposium on the History of Medicine in England in the Seventeenth Century /Allen G. Debus --Das Batthyaneum /Constantin Barth --WiederöFfnung des Medizinhistorischen Museums der Universität Zürich /H.M. Koelbing --Van Swieten-Symposium of the University of Vienna, 8th-10th May 1972 --IXth International Congress of Neo-Hippocratic Medicine --News From Spain and Germany --Corrigendum --Book Reviews --Modern Methods in the History of Medicine. Edit. by EDWIN CLARKE. London: Athlone Press (New York: Oxford University Press) 1971. /Lester S. King --Albrecht Hallers Tagebücher seiner Reisen nach Deutschland, Holland und England. 1723-1727. Neue verbesserte und vermehrte Auflage mit Anmerkungen: Herausgeg. von ERICH HINTZSCHE. Berner Beiträge zur Geschichte der Medizin und der Naturwissenschaften. N.F. Bd. 4. Bern - Stuttgart: Hans Huber Verlag 1971. 111 S., 9 Abbildungen. /Erna Lesky --Geschichte und Ikonographie des endemischen Kropfes und Kretinismus. F. MERKE: Bern: Hans Huber Publishers, 1971. 353 pp., III. Linen, DM 108,-. /D. De Moulin --Medizingeschichte in unserer Zeit. Festgabe für Edith Heischkel-Artelt und Walter Artelt zum 65. Geburtstag. Herausgegeben von HANS-HEINZ EULNER, GUNTER MANN, GERT PREISER, ROLF WINAU und OTTO WINKELMANN. Ferdinand Enke Verlag Stuttgart 1971, Balacron, 490S., 11 Abb., DM.90,-. /M.L. Portmann --The Battle against heart disease by P.E. BALDRY, Cambridge University Press 1971. /Kenneth D. Keele --Die Entwicklung der medizinischen Spezialfächer an den Universitäten des deutschen Sprachgebietes. HANS-HEINZ EULNER, Studien zur Medizingeschichte des 19. Jahrhunderts IV ("Neunzehntes Jahrhundert, Forschungsunternehmen der Fritz Thyssen Stiftung, Arbeitskreis Medizingeschichte). Ferdinand Enke Verlag Stuttgart 1970. Ln., 722 S., 44 Uebersichtstafeln, DM. 108,-. /H. Buess --Psychiatry and its History. Methodological Problems in Research. Edited by GEORGE MORA, M.D. and JEANNE L. BRAND, Ph.D. Charles C. Thomas Publisher, Springfield, Illinois. U.S.A. 1970. /Hans H. Walser --Gerard van Swieten and his world, 1700-1772. FRANK T. BRECHKA. The Hague, Martinus Nijhoff, 1970, pp. 171, illus. /R. Heller --Oskar Heinroth, Vater der Verhaltensforschung (1871-1945): KATHARINA HEINROTH, mit einem Geleitwort von Konrad Lorenz. Grosse Naturforscher Band 35, Stuttgart, Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft 1971. 257 S., 27, 50 DM. /Eduard Seidler --Microbiology and the Spontaneous Generation Debate during the 1870's. GLENN VANDERVLIET 1 vol. 138 + 13 p., 4 pls. Lawrence (Kansas) Coronado Press, 1971. /Jean Théodoridès --Geschichte der Kinderheilkunde: ALBRECHT PEIPER. In: Handbuch der Kinderheilkunde, hrsg. von Hans Opitz und Franz Schmid. Band 1/1, Heidelberg-New York 1971, XXIV, 904 S. DM 345,- (S.1-30). /Eduard Seidler --The Legacy of Philippe Pinel. An Inquiry into Thought on Mental Alienation: WALTHER RIESE: Springer Publishing Company, Inc. New York, 1969. /Hans H. Walser --Ärzte um Karl Marx: Arbeit eines Studentenkollektives der medizinischen Faklutät an der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin unter Leitung von Helmut Dessler. Berlin, VEB. Volk und Gesundheit 1970. 147 S., 10.00 M. /Eduard Seidler --Safavid Medical Practice, or The Practice of Medicine, Surgery and Gynaecology in Persia between 1500 A.D. and 1750 A.D.: CYRIL ELGOOD, Luzac and Company Ltd, London 1970, pp. 302, £ 5, 50. /Hans H. Lauer --Die Inschriften des Asklepieions. CH. HABICHT. Altertümer von Pergamon, hrsg. E. Boehringer, Bd. VIII 3, XII u. 202 S., 51 Tafeln, Berlin 1969 (W. de Gruyter). Das Basler Arztrelief. E. BERGER. Studien zum griechischen Grab- und Votivrelief um 500 v.Chr. und zur vorhippokratischen Medizin. Veröffentlichungen des Antikenmuseums Basel, Bd. 1, 202 S., 167 Abb., Basel 1970, Archiiologischer Verlag. /Fridolf Kudlien --“PHASIANUS”. Studien zur Kulturgeschichte des Fasans: Christian Wilhelm Hünemörder. Diss. phil. Bonn, 1970. 569 S. /Helmut Leitner --Contributors to this Issue --Back Matter --Ammianus and Alexandria /Vivian Nutton --Louis et la Méthode numérique /M. Bariéty --The Paracelsians and the Chemists: the Chemical Dilemma in Renaissance Medicine /Allen G. Debus --On the Use of Military Metaphor in Western Medical Literature: The bellum contra morbum of Thomas Campanella (1568-1639) /L.J. Rather and J.B. Frerichs --Early Nineteenth Century Ophthalmological Clinics in Egypt /Laverne Kuhnke --Texts and Documents --An English Translation of the Hitherto Untranslated Part of Rokitansky's Einleitung to volume 1 of the Handbuch der allgemeinen Pathologie (1846), with a Bibliography of Rokitansky's Published Works /L.J. Rather and Eva R. Rohl --News and Notes --In Memoriam Jose Luis Molinari 1898-1971 /Francisco Guerra --Eine Sozialgeschichte Der Medizin Im Curriculum Spanischer Hochschulen /Heinrich Schipperges --News of Our Members --Pawlow-Studienausgabe im Verlag Kindler --Honorary M.D. of the University of Vienna for Anna Freud --Book Reviews --The Falling Sickness. The History of Epilepsy from the Greeks to the Beginnings of Modern Neurology: OSWEI TEMKIN. The Johns Hopkins Press. Second Edition Revised. 467 pages. USD 15.00 /Francis Schiller --The Trade in Lunacy: A Study of Private Madhouses in England in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries: WILLIAM L. PARRYJONES. XVIII + 330 pp, XI plates, 9 figures, 37 tables. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul; Toronto: University of Toronto Press 1972. £.4.75 ;5.00. /Dieter Jetter --La médicine égyptienne au temps des Pharaons. By Dr. ANGE-PIERRE LECA. Published by Roger Dacosta, Paris. 1971. 486 p., Ill. /Kenneth D. Keele --Jiří Procháska, 1749-1820: Základy fysiologie člověeka II., Vídeň 1797. Prěložil a poznámkami opatrǐl MUC. KAMIL RESLER' Grundlagen der Physiologie des Menschen. Wien 1797, 2. Teil, übersetzt und mit Anmerkungen versehen von MUC. Kamil Resler. Prag: Academia Verlag 1971. /Norbert Dukaz --The Pre-Columbian Mind. FRANCISCO GUERRA. London - New York, Seminar Press, 1971, 15,5 × 23,5 cm, XVI + 335 p., £ 4.50. /M.D. Grmek --Peter Ludvig Panums videnskabelige indsats: ALBERT GJEDDE. Bibliotek for Laeger København 1971. 256 S., Ill. /Vilh. Möller-Christensen --Erwin H. Ackerknecht: Medicine and Ethnology Selected Essays. Edited by H.H. WALSER and H.M. KOELBING. Verlag Hans Huber, Bern: 1971. 195 pages, paperbound. Fr. 21. - /DM 26.- /Charles C. Hughes --Opere Biologiche di Aristotele. A cura di DIEGO LANZA E MARIO VEGETTI. Classicidella Scienza. Torino 1971. 1314 S. /Helmut Leitner --Contributors to this Issue --Back Matter.

Download or read book Clio Medica Acta Academiae Internationalis Historiae Medicinae Vol 17 written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-01-29 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As periodical of the International Academy of the History of Medicine, this Clio Medica volume contains 12 papers.

Download or read book Clio Medica Acta Academiae Internationalis Historiae Medicinae Vol 18 written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-01-29 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As periodical of the International Academy of the History of Medicine, this Clio Medica volume contains 17 papers + reviews & notices.

Download or read book Clio Medica Acta Academiae Internationalis Historiae Medicinae Vol 14 written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2022-01-10 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As periodical of the International Academy of the History of Medicine, this Clio Medica volume contains 11 papers.

Download or read book Clio Medica Acta Academiae Internationalis Historiae Medicinae Vol 19 written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-01-29 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As periodical of the International Academy of the History of Medicine, this Clio Medica volume contains 19 papers.

Download or read book Clio Medica Acta Academiae Internationalis Historiae Medicinae Vol 20 written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-06-15 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As periodical of the International Academy of the History of Medicine, this Clio Medica volume contains 4 papers.

Download or read book Clio Medica Acta Academiae Internationalis Historiae Medicinae Vol 12 written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-01-29 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Papers --Japanese Medicine in Manchuria : The South Manchuria Medical College /John Z. and Akiko K. Bowers --Physiology, General Education and the Antivivisection Movement /Lloyd G. Stevenson --Leo Loeb's Role in Development of Tissue Culture /Lewis Phillip Rubin --Pflüger's Nerve Reflex Theory of Menstruation : The Product of Analogy, Teleology and Neurophysiology /Hans H. Simmer --Amy Lowell and the Death of John Keats /Saul Jarcho --Contributors to this Issue --Papers --Les Handicapés et la Révolution Française Aspects de Médecine Sociale /Dora B. Weiner --The Child Model (or the Model Child?) of the Late Nineteenth Century in Urban America /Deborah Dwork --Hideyo Noguchi (1876-1928): His Final Effort /Claude E. Dolman --Vocal Exercise and Nineteenth-Century Hygiene in France /Gretchen Finney --Berichte von Wiederbelebungsmassnahmen im 18. und 19. Jahrhundert /D. Dünschel --History of Cardiovascular Catheterization /T. Doby --The New Orleans Yellow Fever Epidemic in 1878 : A Note on the Affective History of Societies and Communities /John H. Ellis --News and Notes /Dora B. Weiner --Book Reviews --Les Hommes et la Peste en France et dans les Pays Européens et Méditerranéens. J.N. Biraben. Tome I: La peste dans l'histoire 455 pp. Tome II: Les hommes face à la peste 416 pp. Mouton, Paris - La Haye, 1976. Prix 195F. /J. Théodoridès --La Médecine Chinoise par les Plantes. Ming Wong. Paris, Tchou 1976, 284 pp. nombr. figs. /J. Théodoridès --Contributors to this Issue --Erratum --George Rosen (1910-1977) /Erwin H. Ackerknecht --Papers --Born in Urban America: 1830-1860 /Deborah Dwork --Five made it - One not The Rise of Medical Craftsmen to Academic Status during the 19th Century /Erwin H. Ackerknecht and Esther Fischer-Homberger --A Propos du Centenaire d'Emile Brumpt (1877-1951) /Jean Théodoridès --A. J. B. Parent-Duchâtelet: Hygienist of Paris, 1821-1836 /Ann Fowler La Berge --Contributors to this Issue.

Download or read book Clio Medica Acta Academiae Internationalis Historiae Medicinae Vol 11 written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-01-29 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As periodical of the International Academy of the History of Medicine, this Clio Medica volume contains 19 papers.

Download or read book Clio Medica Acta Academiae Internationalis Historiae Medicinae Vol 10 written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-01-29 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Speculation and Experimentation in Early Poliomyelitis Research /Saul Benison --Kitasato, Yersin, and the Plague Bacillus /Norman Howard-Jones --Nostalgia: A “Forgotten” Psychological Disorder /George Rosen --Scientific Empiricism in the Middle Ages: Albertus Magnus on Sexual Anatomy and Physiology /James Rochester Shaw --Book Reviews --Geschichte der Krebskrankheit: Schicksale der Kranken, der Ärzte und der Forscher; Der Werdegang einer Wissenschaft. JURAJ KÖRBLER, Wien, Verlag Dr. Herta Ranner, 1973, 235 pp., 37 illus. /D. De Moulin --The Theoretical Foundations of Chinese Medicine; Systems and Correspondences. MANFRED PORKERT, M.I.T. East Asian Science Series. Vol. III. Cambridge, Massachussets, and London, England, The M.I.T. Press, 1974. xvi, 368 pp., illus., US Dollar 13.95. /Ilza Veith --Nicolaus Copernicus and his Epoch. JAN ADAMCZEWSKI, in cooperation with EDWARD J. PISZEK, New York, Copernicus Society of America (Charles Scribner's Sons), 1974, 161 pp., with illus., US Dollar7.95. /Victor Thoren --Der Hippokratische Eid - und wir?: Plädoyer für eine zeitgemässe ärztliche Ethik: ein Auftrag an den Medizinhistoriker. HELMUT SIEFERT, Feuchtwangen, Carl-Ernst Kohlbauer, 1973, 60 pp., paper, DM 8,40. /Guenter B. Risse --Catatonia. KARL LUDWIG KAHLBAUM (1874, translated by Y. Levij and T. Pridan), with an introduction by George Mora, Baltimore, Maryland, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1973, 102 pp., US Dollar 7.50. /Jacques M. Quen --Über den Umgang mit Geisteskranken: Die Entwicklung der psychiatrischen Therapie vom “moralischen Regime” in England und Frankreich zu den “psychischen Curmethoden” in Deutschland. MARTIN SCHRENK, Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1973, 194 pp., 20 ill., US Dollar 44.10, DM 98,-. /Otto M. Marx --Sydsvenska medicinhistoriska Sällskapets Arsskrijt 1973. BENGT I. LINDSKOG, ed. Lund, AB C.-W. Lindströms Universitets-Bokhandel, 1973, 223 pp., with illus., paper, 30 Swed. Crowns. /E. Snorrason --The “Real Expedición Maritima de la Vacuna” in New Spain and Guatemala. MICHAEL M. SMITH, Transactions, American Philosophical Society, vol. 64, part 1, Philadelphia, American Philosophical Society, 1974, 74 pp, paper, US Dollar 4. /Francisco Guerra --Nordisk medicinhistorisk Arsbok 1973. WOLFRAM KOCK, ed., Yearbook of the Museum of Medical History, Stockholm, The Museum of Medical History, 1973, 248 pp, with illus, paper, 30 Swed. Crowns. /E. Snorrason --The History of the Cholera in Exeter in 1832. THOMAS SHAPTER, Facsimile reprint of original 1849 ed., with introduction by Robert Newton, New York, S. R. Publishers, British Book Centre, 1974, 297 pp, with illus, US Dollar 13.50. /Norman Howard-Jones --The Care and Exhibition of Medical History Museum Objects. PATSY A. GERSTNER, Cleveland, Cleveland Health Sciences Library and Case Western Reserve University, 1974, 47 pp, paper US Dollar 1.75. /J. K. Crellin --A History of Public Health in New York City, 1866-1966. JOHN DUFFY, New York, Russel Sage Foundation, 1974, 690 pp., illus., US Dollar 20. /Judith W. Leavitt --Oración Inaugural sobre la Importancia de la Anatomía la Cirugía (1773). ANTONIO DE GIMBERNAT, Cátedra e Instituto de Historia de la Medicina, Valencia, 1971, 33 pp. /Emilio Balaguer --The Disease of the Soul: Leprosy in Medieval Literature. SAUL NATHANIEL BRODY, Cornell University Press, Ithaca and London, 1974, 223 pp., 12 illus., US Dollar 9.50. /Juan A. Paniagua --Contributors to this Issue --Papers --Giovanni Michele Savonarola: An Atypical Renaissance Practitioner /Ynez Violé O'neill --Causation: A Problem in Medical Philosophy /Lester S. King --The Development of our Knowledge of Foetal Heart Activity: With Special Reference to Denmar /Dyre Trolle --Viewpoints in the Teaching of Medical History /Lester S. King --Book Reviews --Claude Bernard and Animal Chemistry: The Emergence of a Scientist. FREDERIC LAWRENCE HOLMES. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1974, XX + 541 pp, with illus, US Dollar 18. /William F. Bynum --The Schreber Case: Psychoanalytic Profile of a Paranoid Personality. WILLIAM G. NIEDERLAND, Quadrangle/New York Times Book, New York, 1974, 172 pp, 10 illus, US Dollar 8.95. /G. E. Gifford Jr. --The History and Philosophy of Knowledge of the Brain and its Functions. F. N. L. POYNTER, ed. (Symposium, London, July 15-17, 1957), Amsterdam, B. M. Israël, 1973, 272 pp., with illus., Hfl 48. (reprint of 1958 ed.) /William F. Bynum --Contributors to this Issue /Lester S. King --Papers --La Clinique Parisienne avant et après 1802 /P. Huard and M. J. Imbault-Huart --Malpractice, 1811 /Francis Schiller --Premières Descriptions de la Chorée de Huntington en France et en Belgique /Henri Husquinet --Viewpoints in the Teaching of Medical History /Lester S. King --Langenbeck on the Mechanism of Tumor Metastasis and the Transmission of Cancer from Man to Animal /L. J. Rather --Galen on Cancer and Related Diseases /Jeremiah Reedy --Book Reviews --Animals in Roman Life and Art. J. M. C. TOYNBEE, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, 1973, with Appendix, “Roman Veterinary Medicine”, by R. E. WALKER, 431 pp., 114 plates, 1 figure US Dollar 17.50. /John Scarborough.

Download or read book Clio Medica written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Role of Technology in Science Philosophical Perspectives written by Sven Ove Hansson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-05 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume explores the interplay between philosophies in a wide-ranging analysis of how technological applications in science inform our systems of thought. Beginning with a historical background, the volume moves on to explore a host of topics, such as the uses of technology in scientific observations and experiments, the salient relationship between technology and mechanistic notions in science and the ways in which today’s vast and increasing computing power helps scientists achieve results that were previously unattainable. Technology allows today’s researchers to gather, in a matter of hours, data that would previously have taken weeks or months to assemble. It also acts as a kind of metaphor bank, providing biologists in particular with analogies (the heart as a ‘pump’, the nervous system as a ‘computer network’) that have become common linguistic currency. This book also examines the fundamental epistemological distinctions between technology and science and assesses their continued relevance. Given the increasing amalgamation of the philosophies of science and technology, this fresh addition to the literature features pioneering work in a promising new field that will appeal both to philosophers and scientific historiographers.

Download or read book Spinoza Life and Legacy written by Jonathan I. Israel and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-08-10 with total page 1336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A biography of the boldest and most unsettling of the early modern philosophers, Spinoza, which examines the man's life, relationships, writings, and career, while also forcing us to rethink how we previously understood Spinoza's reception in his own time and in the years following his death. The boldest and most unsettling of the major early modern philosophers, Spinoza, had a much greater, if often concealed, impact on the international intellectual scene and on the early Enlightenment than philosophers, historians, and political theorists have conventionally tended to recognize. Europe-wide efforts to prevent the reading public and university students learning about Spinoza, the man and his work, in the years immediately after his death in 1677, dominated much of his early reception owing to the revolutionary implications of his thought for philosophy, religion, practical ethics and lifestyle, Bible criticism, and political theory. Nevertheless, contrary to what has sometimes been maintained, his general impact was immediate, very widespread, and profound. One of the main objectives of the book is to show how early and how deeply Leibniz, Bayle, Arnauld, Henry More, Anne Conway, Richard Baxter, Robert Boyle, Henry Oldenburg, Pierre-Daniel Huet, Richard Simon, and Nicholas Steno, among many others, were affected by and led to wrestle with his principal ideas. There have been surprisingly few biographies of Spinoza, given his fundamental importance in intellectual history and history of philosophy, Bible criticism, and political thought. Jonathan I. Israel has written a biography which provides more detail and context about Spinoza's life, family, writings, circle of friends, highly unusual career and networking, and early reception than its predecessors. Weaving the circumstances of his life and thought into a detailed biography has also led to several notable instances of nuancing or revising our notions of how to interpret certain of his assertions and philosophical claims, and how to understand the complex international reaction to his work during his life-time and in the years immediately following his death.