Download or read book Essential Clinical Procedures written by Richard W. Dehn and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2020-01-10 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provide safe and effective care to every patient with the fully revised 4th Edition of Essential Clinical Procedures. Written by experts in the field, this widely used reference shows you step by step how to perform more than 70 of the most common diagnostic and treatment-related procedures in today’s primary care and specialist settings. You’ll find clear, concise coverage of the skills you need to know, including new and advanced procedures and new procedure videos. Covers patient preparation, the proper use of instruments, and potential dangers and complications involved in common procedures, as well as nonprocedural issues such as informed consent, standard precautions, patient education, and procedure documentation. Includes new chapters on Point-of-Care Ultrasound and Ring Removal, as well as 35 new procedure videos. Features significantly revised content on cryosurgery • injection techniques • arterial puncture • shoulder/finger subluxations • sterile technique • outpatient coding • casting and splinting • blood cultures • standard precautions • and more. Contains more than 200 high-quality illustrations, including updated images of office pulmonary function testing and wound closure. Uses a consistently formatted presentation to help you find information quickly. Reflects the latest evidence-based protocols and national and international guidelines throughout.

Download or read book Clinical Procedures for Physician Assistants written by Richard W. Dehn and published by Saunders. This book was released on 2002 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This concise, well-organized book is the first clinical procedures text written by physician assistant educators and practitioners for physician assistant students. It focuses on the 72 most frequently taught, commonly performed diagnostic and treatment-related procedures that practicing PAs need to know. Step-by-step, hands-on procedure sections clearly and precisely explain the 'how-to' steps of a procedure, while other sections provide essential diagnostic or treatment information such as indications, contraindications, essential anatomy and physiology, patient preparation, materials, and more. Chapters on Informed Consent, Standard Precautions, Patient Education Concepts, and Procedure Documentation discuss essential, non-procedural skills and considerations to ensure that readers have a comprehensive understanding of the use of procedures in physician assistant practice.

Download or read book Clinical Procedures for Health Professionals written by Multak and published by Jones & Bartlett Publishers. This book was released on 2016-01-07 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clinical Procedures for Health Professions is the ideal multi-professional learning resource covering basic and advanced clinical procedures commonly encountered by practitioners and suited for both students and clinicians. Each procedure is discussed in terms of rationales, evidence-based indications, contraindications, potential complications, special considerations, and step-by-step procedural instructions. The format is clear and organized, allowing students to fully grasp the most important elements of each procedure.

Download or read book Clinical Procedure Training for Physician Assistants written by Allison M. Martin and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to examine physician assistant (PA) students’ perceptions of clinical procedure training following completion of didactic and clinical phases within a single program based in eastern Tennessee. The cross-sectional study design utilized two survey instruments to record responses from PA students. Responses were gathered from one cohort following the clinical rotation training phase of their program and from a consecutive cohort prior to beginning rotation training. Evidence among medical student populations suggest that exposure to common clinical procedures is declining and reports from students indicate lower confidence to perform common procedures. The PA profession has successfully integrated into modern medical practice and is well represented in specialties where procedures are performed. The growth of the profession continues annually. To meet the demand, new programs are expected to open with additional students in need of training within the current medical education system. Exploration of the PA student perspective on their exposure and comfort performing clinical procedures is warranted. The aim of the POST-rotation survey was to gather quantitative measures of exposure to clinical procedures that are observed and performed by PA students on clinical rotation along with their perceptions of comfort to perform them. Evidence of the student experience in the clinical setting can help educators focus didactic training on relevant topics to professional work. In response to the needs for training physicians, efforts to increase medical students’ exposure to clinical procedures has included cadaver model simulation. When limitations are attenuated, anatomy coursework presents the opportunity to integrate this type of procedure training and benefits to learning are evident. The question persists if this training can be beneficial to the preparation of PA students when included in the didactic phase. The aim of the PRE-rotation survey was to gather students’ perceptions of comfort to perform procedures that had been introduced in the didactic phase with cadaver model simulation prior to beginning clinical rotation training. Additional interest in the student perspective of the effectiveness of training was explored. Results were analyzed from each survey independently. Thirty-five participants from the post-rotation cohort (N=55) participated in the POST-rotation survey following completion of clinical rotations resulting in a response rate of 63.6%. Frequencies of responses for exposure and perceptions of comfort level and difficulty were analyzed using non-parametric tests for differences and relationships. Qualitative responses indicate lack of exposure to performing procedures is a primary factor that makes procedures difficult to perform. Participants were exposed to all seven procedures on clinical rotation but there were differences in exposure between procedures. Reported comfort levels indicate readiness to perform procedures with live patients with various levels of supervision for all procedures. Sixty-four participants from the pre-rotation cohort (N=75) participated in the PRE-rotation survey prior to beginning their clinical rotations resulting in a response rate of 85.3%. Responses for exposure, comfort level, perceived effectiveness scales and perceptions of difficulty were analyzed using non-parametric tests for differences and relationships. Qualitative responses indicate volume of practice, training models, and procedure technique are factors that make procedures difficult to learn. Participants had didactic exposure to all seven procedures, but there were differences in exposure between procedures. Perceived comfort level was related with exposure and effectiveness. Training sessions were reported to be effective but include reflection of additional models to cadaver model simulation activities. Most students entering clinical rotation report comfort level to perform 5 out of 7 procedures on a live patient with assistance or supervision while a small percentage report comfort with observation or continued practice with simulation methods. PA students report experiencing opportunities to observe and perform clinical procedures throughout didactic and clinical training phases and perceive comfort levels to perform procedures on live patients with varying levels of supervision. Didactic training is perceived to be effective. Students at different phases of training have different perceptions of difficulty. Exposure is a primary factor that relates to perceptions of performance and serves as subjective measures of competency development.

Download or read book Essential Clinical Procedures E Book written by Richard W. Dehn and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2013-02-08 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by foremost experts in the field, the 3rd Edition of Essential Clinical Procedures presents the latest common diagnostic and treatment-related procedures that you need to know as a physician assistant! Clear and concise, this medical reference book leads you step-by-step through over 70 techniques commonly seen in primary care and specialist settings, equipping you to deliver the best and safest care to your patients. Consult this title on your favorite e-reader, conduct rapid searches, and adjust font sizes for optimal readability. Visualize procedures and other important concepts clearly through over 300 high-quality illustrations. Ensure the safe execution of procedures with a focus on patient preparation and the proper use of instruments, as well as highlighted warnings to alert you to potential dangers that can occur when performing various treatments. Be fully prepared for any situation with guidance on the possible complications, rationales, and precautions behind many common procedures. Understand the ins and outs of nonprocedural issues, including informed consent, standard precautions, patient education, and procedure documentation. Get all the hands-on guidance you need to provide safe and effective care to your patients with Essential Clinical Procedures! Understand the "must-know" aspects of the most commonly seen conditions with a systematic presentation featuring consistent headings and supporting color images. Quickly access core information through high-yield margin notes and consistent formatting across all chapters. Stay abreast of the latest procedures with a brand-new chapter and images on Reduction of the Shoulder/Finger Subluxations, plus many other updates throughout.

Download or read book Physician Assistant A Guide to Clinical Practice E Book written by Ruth Ballweg and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2017-02-20 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Entering its 6th edition, Physician Assistant: A Guide to Clinical Practice is the only text that covers all aspects of the physician assistant profession, the PA curriculum, and the PA’s role in clinical practice. It is designed as a highly visual and practical resource to be used across the spectrum of lifelong learning, enabling students and practicing PAs to thrive in a rapidly changing health care system. Teaches how to prepare for each core clinical rotation and common electives, as well as how to work with atypical patient populations such as homeless patients and patients with disabilities. A succinct, bulleted writing style; convenient tables; practical case studies; and clinical application questions throughout enable you to master key concepts and clinical applications. Helps you master all the core competencies needed for certification or recertification. Addresses all six Physician Assistant Competencies, as well as providing guidance for the newly graduated PA entering practice. Includes quick-use resources, such as objectives and key points sections for each chapter, tip boxes with useful advice, abundant tables and images, and 134 updated case studies. Features chapters for the 7 core clinical rotations and 5 common electives, with key guidance on how to prepare effectively and what to expect. Provides updated health policy information, expanded information about international programs, cultural competencies, and pearls and pitfalls on working internationally as a PA. Outlines the basic principles of Interprofessional Education – an important new trend in medical education nationally. New chapters cover: Maximizing Your Education, Future of the Profession, Principles of PA Education, Managing Stress and Burnout, and many other topics.

Download or read book Study Guide for Clinical Procedures for Medical Assistants E Book written by Kathy Bonewit-West and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2022-10-12 with total page 945 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn how to think critically and perform competently in the clinical setting! Correlating to chapters in Clinical Procedures for Medical Assistants, 11th Edition, this study guide provides additional activities, review questions, and exercises designed to prepare you to work in a modern medical office. Content aligns to the new 2022 medical assisting educational competencies and provides procedure checklists and video evaluations to help you track your mastery of clinical skills. This essential companion provides the practice you need to prepare for a successful career in the fast-paced world of medical assisting! Critical thinking activities with realistic situations help students analyze and apply what they’ve learned with games, role-playing situations, crossword puzzles, and independent study questions. Focus on competency mastery includes worksheets to practice key skills and evaluation forms to assess proficiency. Assignment sheets at the beginning of chapters help students stay organized and document their progress. NEW! 2022 CAAHEP medical assisting competencies throughout represent the latest educational standards. NEW! Updated content addresses changes in the medical record, nutritional guidelines, OSHA standards for infection control and prevention, emergency preparedness, and more. REVISED! Self-assessment opportunities allow students to perform quick comprehension checks, including pre-tests, post-tests, and key-term assessments.

Download or read book The Physician Assistant Student s Guide to the Clinical Year Seven Volume Set written by Maureen A. Knechtel, MPAS, PA-C and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2019-10-15 with total page 1879 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “A lifesaver – not just for PA students, but for faculty and administrators trying our best to prepare them. Perfect for students to read and use on rotation.” – James Van Rhee, MS, PA-C, DFAAPA, Program Director, Yale Physician Assistant Online Program Everything you’ll need for your clinical rotations in one handy and affordable set! Hit the ground running as you undertake your required clinical rotations with the quick-access, 7-volume pocket-sized set, The Physician Assistant Student’s Guide to the Clinical Year. Written by PA educators experienced in these specialty areas, this first-of-its-kind series covers all 7 clinical rotations including Family Medicine, Internal Medicine, Emergency Medicine, Pediatrics, Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Behavioral Health. Brimming with pithy information on the precise knowledge and duties required of a physician assistant, you will learn about practice settings, equipment, exam techniques, frequently encountered disease entities, commonly ordered studies and medications, procedures, and more! Small enough to fit in your lab coat pocket for on-the-spot reference, each consistently organized guide delivers brief bulleted content with handy tables and figures to promote quick learning and retention. You’ll also find useful examples of pertinent documentation for each specialty along with clinical pearls that deliver savvy pointers from the experts. Key Features: Delivers a pocket-size overview of the precise knowledge and duties required for each clinical rotation Offers consistently organized, quick-access, bulleted content for all seven rotations Describes common clinical presentations, disease entities, and procedures Presents key diagnostic studies and their indications Reflects the 2019 NCCPA PANCE blueprint Includes bonus digital chapters with guided case studies to help reinforce clinical reasoning and rotation exam-style questions with remediating rationales Set includes: The Physician Assistant Student’s Guide to the Clinical Year: Family Medicine Internal Medicine Emergency Medicine Pediatrics Surgery OB/GYN Behavioral Medicine

Download or read book Physician Assistant a Guide to Clinical Practice written by Ruth Ballweg and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2013-01-01 with total page 838 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here's the only book dedicated to giving you the complete information that you need to become an effective Physician Assistant and maintain those high standards in practice. This up-to-date edition covers all aspects of the physician assistant profession, the PA curriculum, and the PA's role in practice, all in an easy-to-use textbook format that features convenient tables and clear illustrations, as well as case studies and clinical application questions. You'll find this book invaluable throughout your course of study, when entering the job market, and as an excellent reference in clinical practice. And, with this Expert Consult title, you'll be able to search the entire contents of the book, online, from anywhere. Covers all the core competencies that you need to master for year one or for recertification, so you can excel. Gives you the information you need on all of the rotations and practice areas that are open to you to help you make the right decisions. Offers practical Pros and Cons box for each rotation and area of practice to aid in day-to-day decision making. Utilizes a fresh new two color format for better visual guidance. Focuses on clinical information with case studies included at the end of each chapter. Includes a new chapter on evidence-based medicine to prepare you for daily practice. Provides Expert Consult access so you can search the entire contents of the book, online. Includes a new chapter on Physician Assistants in international medicine to keep you on the cutting edge. Your purchase entitles you to access the website until the next edition is published, or until the current edition is no longer offered for sale by Elsevier, whichever occurs first. If the next edition is published less than one year after your purchase, you will be entitled to online access for one year from your date of purchase. Elsevier reserves the right to offer a suitable replacement product (such as a downloadable or CD-ROM-based electronic version) should access to the website be discontinued.

Download or read book Clinical Procedures for Medical Assistants E Book written by Kathy Bonewit-West and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2017-09-14 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn the foundational concepts and skills necessary to become a successful clinical medical assistant! Written using clear and accessible language, Clinical Procedures for Medical Assistants, 10th Edition guides you through common office procedures such as taking vital signs, collecting and processing lab specimens, preparing patients for examinations, and assisting with office surgeries. This new edition is thoroughly updated throughout and includes content on elephant system for ear irrigation, influenza test, h. pylori test, digital scale for measuring weight, administration of rotavirus vaccine, along with new chapters on nutrition, emergency preparedness, and the medical record. Plus, with the addition of soft skills, and critical thinking exercises, this comprehensive text introduces you the skills you need to succeed in today’s fast-paced medical office. UPDATED procedural photos provides you with the most current pictures of how to perform important clinical medical assisting procedures. Detailed learning objectives at the beginning of each chapter align with respective procedures to help guide you through the learning process (and ensure that you learned everything you should from the chapter). Over 120 procedures presented in a clear, illustrated, step-by-step format, with online videos showing 84 of the procedures in action. Student resources on the Evolve companion website offer a fun way for you to practice your medical assisting knowledge with animations, games matching exercises, and other interactive activities. Chapter outlines and learning objectives prepare you for the skills and concepts you will be learning. Charting examples help you understand the process for charting your own procedures. Patient Teaching boxes prepares you for effective communication, with detailed instructions on how to answer questions and how to explain medical concepts and procedures. What Would You Do? What Would You Not Do? case studies challenge you to apply yourr knowledge to realistic medical office situations — with a practitioner's response at the end of chapters. Putting It All Into Practice and Memories from Practicum boxes feature real medical assistants sharing personal, on-the-job experiences. Glossary of key terms gives you a quick reference guide for important terms and concepts.

Download or read book Procedures for the Primary Care Provider E Book written by Marilyn Winterton Edmunds and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2015-12-01 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Confidently perform the most common office procedures with Procedures for the Primary Care Provider, 3rd Edition. This practical, spiral-bound reference provides step-by-step illustrated guidelines for basic and advanced office procedures commonly performed by Nurse Practitioners and Physician’s Assistants. Each procedure follows a consistent format including a brief description of the procedure, a review of relevant anatomy and physiology, indications and contraindications, precautions, assessment, patient preparation, treatment alternatives, a list of equipment needed, and a step-by-step illustrated procedure. This third edition features nine new procedures, new illustrations, a more user-friendly full-color design, and much more. Need-to-know coverage of the most common office procedures performed by NPs, PAs, and other primary care providers makes this book an excellent guide for clinicians who may not perform these procedures regularly. Consistent procedure format includes a brief description of the procedure, a review of relevant anatomy and physiology, indications and contraindications, precautions, assessment, patient preparation, treatment alternatives, a list of equipment needed, and a step-by-step illustrated procedure. Detailed illustrations (nearly 400 drawings and photographs) clearly demonstrate the steps of each procedure. Step-by-step numbered guidelines for each procedure allow for quick reference. An introductory chapter covers legal, educational, and reimbursement factors related to performing common office procedures. Appendixes, including the Sample Checklist for Certification and the Sample Consent Form for Procedure, provide you with commonly used forms in an easy to access location.

Download or read book Ballweg s Physician Assistant A Guide to Clinical Practice E Book written by Tami S Ritsema and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2021-04-17 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed as a highly visual and practical resource to be used across the spectrum of lifelong learning, Ballweg's Physician Assistant, 7th Edition, helps you master all the core competencies needed for physician assistant certification, recertification, and clinical practice. It remains the only textbook that covers all aspects of the physician assistant profession, the PA curriculum, and the PA’s role in clinical practice. Ideal for both students and practicing PAs, it features a succinct, bulleted writing style, convenient tables, practical case studies, and clinical application questions that enable you to master key concepts and clinical applications. Addresses all six physician assistant competencies, as well as providing guidance for the newly graduated PA entering practice. Includes five new chapters: What Is a Physician Assistant, and How Did We Get Here?, Effective Use of Technology for Patient-Centered Care, Success in the Clinical Year, Transitioning to Practice and Working in Teams, and Finding Your Niche. Features an enhanced focus on content unique to the PA profession that is not readily found in other resources, more illustrations for today’s visually oriented learners, a more consistent format throughout, and a new emphasis on the appropriate use of social media among healthcare professionals. Provides updated content throughout to reflect the needs of the PA profession, including new content on self-care for the PA to help prevent burnout, suicide, and other hazards faced by healthcare professionals. Guides students in preparation for each core clinical rotation and common electives, as well as working with special patient populations such as patients experiencing homelessness and patients with disabilities. Includes quick-use resources, such as objectives and key points sections for each chapter, tip boxes with useful advice, abundant tables and images, and more than 130 updated case studies. Evolve Educator site with an image bank is available to instructors through their Elsevier sales rep or via request at https://evolve.elsevier.com.

Download or read book Roberts and Hedges Clinical Procedures in Emergency Medicine for Physician Assistants Nurse Practitioners written by James Roberts and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Clinical Procedures in Emergency Medicine for Physician Assistants Nurse Practitioners written by James R. Roberts and published by Saunders. This book was released on 2015-05-25 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the best-selling Roberts & Hedges' Clinical Procedures in Emergency Medicine 6e, this portable and accessible eBook only is derived directly from the original 2014 textbook and highlights key concepts related to procedures considered essential for the clinical needs of advanced practice providers. This is a detailed, step-by-step guide and whole resource for complete, specific, easy to follow, and current descriptions of most routine, and some rare, procedures emergency medicine providers strive to master. Advance practice providers' responsibilities are rapidly increasing in the emergency department and urgent care centers; the long awaited new 'midlevel' role requires a procedural skillset that can be obtained and mastered by using this manual. Key features: Procedure boxes - original and unique photographs and drawings offering step-by-step visual technique instructions Ultrasound boxes - expertly written and richly illustrated with photographs of the technique and screen captures of the ultrasound images Procedure videos - reinforcing key concepts in real time Diagnostic imaging interpretation - presenting dozens of radiographic studies featuring clinical conditions, radiographic diagnoses, or disease processes, with several series of gold standard images Evidence-based - well researched, fully rounded clinical guide for everyone in the medical team eBook format - portable information available at your fingertips wherever and whenever

Download or read book The Physician Assistant Student s Guide to the Clinical Year Ob GYN written by Elyse Watkins and published by . This book was released on 2019-09-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes interactive eBook with complete content; requires access code.

Download or read book Clinical Procedures for Medical Assistants written by Kathy Bonewit-West and published by Saunders. This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This essential resource prepares you for a career in clinical medical assisting with complete coverage of the concepts, procedures, and skills you need to succeed in today's fast-paced medical environment. Step-by-step, hands-on guidance helps you quickly learn to perform procedures such as taking vital signs, collecting and processing lab specimens, preparing patients for examinations, assisting with office surgeries, and other treatments and procedures. Includes four DVDs with video demonstrations of the skills in the book! A Chapter Outline and Learning Objectives at the beginning of each chapter prepare you for the skills and concepts you will be learning. A list of National Competencies at the beginning of each chapter identifies the theory and skill requirements addressed in that chapter. Key Terms and Terminology Review help you master important medical assisting terminology. Procedures are easy to follow with a consistent, step-by-step presentation accompanied by photographs and documentation/charting examples and guidelines. What Would You Do? What Would You Not Do? case studies in each chapter challenge you to apply what you've learned to realistic medical office situations. A practitioner's response is included for comparison. Putting It All Into Practice and Memories from Externship boxes feature real medical assistants sharing personal, on-the-job experiences to help you connect with your future goals and better understand the realities of working in a medical office. Patient Teaching boxes prepare you for effective communication with detailed instructions for answering patient questions and explaining important medical concepts and procedures. Medical Practice and the Law sections at the end of each chapter highlight important legal and ethical issues you need to know when working in a medical practice setting. Apply Your Knowledge questions help you assess your understanding of the chapter material. Certification Review sections summarize important points from the chapter that are essential to know for the certification examination. An On the Web feature provides you with up-to-date lists of websites you can access for more information related to chapter content. A Companion CD offers additional learning tools such as the Quiz Show and Road to Recovery games, labeling exercises, identification exercises, and other helpful activities. The latest OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standards Proper procedure for measuring temperature using a temporal artery thermometer Step-by-step guidance for performing pulse oximetry Essential principles related to intravenous therapy Procedure for performing the A1C blood glucose test Updated information on medications commonly administered and prescribed in the medical office Four Companion DVDs show you proper technique for performing more than 70 step-by-step procedures directly from the book.

Download or read book The Preceptor s Handbook for Supervising Physician Assistants written by Randy Danielsen and published by Jones & Bartlett Publishers. This book was released on 2011-05-27 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Preceptor’s Handbook for Supervising Physician Assistants is a helpful guide for clinical preceptors of physician assistant (PA) students during their educational program and for physicians who supervise PAs in their practice. This work encompasses the experience and passion of four dedicated PA educators with combined experience of over 100 years. This indispensable resource addresses current practice as well as future projections and provides guidance for new styles of supervision in evolving health care systems including distance supervision, supervision in teams, and patterns of supervision in home care and geriatrics. Covering a wide variety of topics including supervision in the team environment as well as in individual practice, this handbook will provide the physician and physician assistant with the information and skills needed to be an excellent preceptor for students and a supervising clinician for graduate PAs. Features • Case Studies • Job Descriptions • Performance Agreements • Evaluation Tools • Professional Improvement Plans “The uniqueness of the physician-PA team paves the way for effective physician assistant practice. The Preceptors Handbook: A Guide to Supervising Physician Assistants presents a comprehensive model to help physicians reap the benefits that PAs bring to their practice, their patients, and the health care team. This clear and accessible resource provides step-by-step guidelines for building relationships with PAs, including tips on how to hire and work effectively with a PA, how to give constructive feedback, and how to apply coaching strategies. The authors, all leaders in PA education and practice, provide the essential information for building and sustaining a successful physician-PA team." ~ Janet J. Lathrop, MBA President, National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants (NCCPA)