Download or read book Circulation on the Northern California Shelf and Slope written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Circulation on the Northern California Shelf and Slope written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Circulation on the Northern California Shelf and Slope written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Circulation on the Northern California Shelf and Slope written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Subtidal Cross shelf Circulation on the Northern California Shelf written by Edward Paul Dever and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Moored time series from the Coastal Ocean Dynamics Experiment (CODE), Shelf Mixed Layer Experiment (SMILE), Sediment Transport Events over the Shelf and Slope (STRESS) study, and Northern California Coastal Circulation Study (NCCCS) are used to study subtidal cross-shelf circulation over the northern California shelf. The northern California shelf, like much of the United States Pacific coast, is subject to strong wind forcing which exhibits characteristic seasonality. In winter and early spring, it is distinguished by poleward and equatorward fluctuations on time scales of days and by weak monthly means. In summer, it is distinguished by periods of equatorward stress lasting several weeks and by relatively strong monthly means. The intensive winter and spring SMILE and STRESS and summer CODE-2 field programs permit the examination of cross-shelf circulation under both types of wind forcing conditions at a mid-shelf site (~90 m) 6 km from the northern California coast. The primary thesis goal is to examine the applicability of a two-dimensional conceptual model of wind-forced cross-shelf circulation. In this conceptual model, surface and bottom cross-shelf flows are forced by along-shelf wind stress and bottom stress, and interior cross-shelf flow compensates such that the depth-averaged flow is zero. A secondary thesis goal is to use the seasonal coverage of available field programs to gain insight into seasonal variability of cross-shelf circulation on the northern California shelf. To accomplish these goals, the observed subtidal cross-shelf circulation is examined in the context of the winter and spring heat and salt balances, an analytic model of wind-forced cross-shelf circulation, and the spatial scales of subtidal velocity. Mean and fluctuating heat and salt balances estimated between December, 1988 and May, 1989 demonstrate the importance of cross-shelf fluxes and their general consistency with the simple conceptual model. Mean fluxes are consistent with the weak mean equatorward wind stress observed during SMILE. The dominant terms in the fluctuating balances are the cross-shelf fluxes and local changes in heat and salt content. These are well correlated with each other and with the local along-shelf wind stress. The along-shelf heat flux divergence is of secondary importance to the fluctuating heat balance. It is uncorrelated with the along-shelf wind stress, and occurrences when it is strong are interpreted as effects of mesoscale features. To examine the applicability of the wind-forced conceptual model in more detail, a simple analytic model incorporating the assumptions of the conceptual model and observed local wind forcing is compared quantitatively to estimates of surface mixed layer, interior, and bottom mixed layer cross-shelf transport for winter SMILE and STRESS and summer CODE-2 observations. This comparison suggests the model is more suited to the transient wind forcing observed during SMILE and STRESS than to the steady wind forcing observed during CODE-2. For 2-3 day wind events between December, 1988 and February, 1989, the model is well correlated with observed depthdependent (total minus depth-averaged) transports throughout the water column and with total surface mixed layer transports. For 2-3 week wind events between April and July, 1982, the model does not work nearly as well below the surface mixed layer. In the absence of other processes, the locally wind-forced model implies that the wind stress sets the horizontal scales of subtidal velocity. Correlation scales estimated for subtidal along-shelf velocity over the northern California shelf are for all field programs longer than the maximum mooring separation (60 km) and are similar to those of the wind stress. However, along-shelf correlation scales of cross-shelf velocity are shorter than minimum mooring separations for CODE. SMILE and NCCCS time series do resolve along-shelf correlation scales for near surface cross-shelf velocity. During this time, along-shelf correlation scales for near surface cross-shelf velocity vary on a monthly time scale. They are generally long (30 km or more) when correlation with wind stress is high and short (15 km or less) when correlation with wind stress is low. On at least one occasion, short along-shelf correlation scales coincide with the intrusion of an offshore mesoscale feature onto the shelf. Results of the three studies show the two-dimensional model offers some insight into the observed subtidal cross-shelf circulation, particularly in winter. During this time, the heat balance, analytical transport model, and correlation scales all provide evidence that the winter wind-forced circulation is quasi-two-dimensional. Threedimensional variability on the shelf, though important on occasion, does not appear to be wind-driven and may result from the influence of offshore mesoscale features. A quite different story emerges for summer when the simple conceptual model of crossshelf circulation fails to describe adequately subsurface cross-shelf flow. Two useful areas of further investigation may be the non-linear response of cross-shelf velocity to wind forcing and its response to other processes such as remotely generated mesoscale features.

Download or read book Modeling Studies of the Coastal Circulation Off Northern California written by Julie Davis Pullen and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Northern California Coastal Circulation Study written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Northern California Coastal Circulation Study written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Subtidal Cross shelf Circulation on the Northern California Shelf written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book California Shelf Physical Oceanography Circulation Model written by A. F. Blumberg and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Slope and Shelf Processes Associated with Upwelling in the Northern California Current System written by Thomas P. Connolly and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The northern California Current system (CCS) experiences relatively weak upwelling-favorable wind stress during summer months, but high nutrient concentrations and hypoxic conditions occur seasonally. This study examines 1) the relative contribution of physical and biological processes to seasonal dissolved oxygen (DO) declines, 2) the role of coastal trapped waves in setting up the California Undercurrent (CUC) and a poleward alongshelf pressure-gradient force over the slope, 3) the role of submarine canyons in the upwelling of water from the slope onto the shelf. The physical processes of upwelling and changes in source water contribute to interannual variability in hypoxic conditions, but cannot solely account for seasonal oxygen decreases. Mass balances of DO and nitrate show that biochemical processes in the water column and sediments each contribute ~50% to the total consumption of DO in near-bottom water. Alongshelf advection of sharp gradients induced by localized respiration leads to variability at event (2-10 d) time scales on the inner shelf. The dynamics of the CUC and alongshore pressure gradient over the slope are explored using the Navy Coastal Ocean Model and a linear coastal trapped wave model. In the linear model, alongshore winds drive poleward flow events over the slope, but a persistent undercurrent in the northern CCS is dependent on the use of San Diego sea level at the southern boundary. In the northern CCS, alongshore density gradients over the slope lead to a poleward pressure-gradient force within the undercurrent that often opposes an equatorward force associated with coastal sea level. To examine how water is transported from the slope to the shelf, a regional model hindcast is used to isolate the dynamics and impacts of canyon upwelling. Canyon upwelling occurs during periods of southward flow over the shelf which occur throughout the upwelling season. Water is transported from depths of ~150-250 m over the slope to the near-bottom water at mid shelf. Canyon-enhanced fluxes in the bottom portion of the water column are large enough to influence changes in salinity over the shelf at seasonal time scales.

Download or read book Northern California Shelf Circulation During January 2003 written by Regan M. Long and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Circulation Studies Over the Continental Shelf and Slope Near the Farallon Islands California Executive Summary written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A series of five hydrographic and acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) cruises were carried out during February, May, August, and November 1991 and February 1992 over the continental shelf and slope in the vicinity of the Farallon Islands, CA. The purpose of the five cruises was to describe the general circulation in the region throughout the year, particularly as it would affect the dispersal of dredged materials released in the study region. The approach during each cruise was to occupy a grid of closely spaced conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) stations across the shelf and slope, while making continuous direct current observations using a hull-mounted acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP). (AN).

Download or read book The Offshore Environmental Studies Program 1973 1989 written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Global Coastal Ocean Regional Studies and Syntheses written by Kenneth H. Brink and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 1096 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Coastal Oceanography of Washington and Oregon written by M.R. Landry and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1989-03-01 with total page 627 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Washington-Oregon coastal zone is a classical Eastern Boundary Current region. The area is extremely productive, the productivity dependent on near-shore infusions of nutrients into surface layers during wind-driven coastal upwelling. The Washington-Oregon coastline is much more regular than areas off California or off the East Coast, where large capes lend complexity to both the physical environment and the ecosystem response. The relatively straight coastline and broad, deep shelf greatly simplify the physical environment, so that processes responsible for much of the variance are more easily identified. The system response from mid-Oregon northward, although not strictly two-dimensional, is more so than many other coastal areas. Consequently, the system is amenable to the testing of relatively simple models integrating wind forcing with physical, chemical and biological responses in the upper water column.This book is an integrated synthesis of physical, chemical, geological and biological research in a dynamic shelf ecosystem characterized by seasonal, wind-driven upwelling, major river influences, extensive silt deposits, productive pelagic and demersal fisheries, and unique surf-zone communities. The broad scope of the book includes: detailed analyses of physical circulation and sediment transport; production and utilization of organic matter in the marine food web; river influences on regional hydrology and sediment deposition; inputs and inventories of anthropogenic chemicals in the water column and sedimentary deposits. Much of the book is based on primary analyses of previously unpublished data sets. Interdisciplinary approaches are emphasized in models and discussions of coastal upwelling dynamics, hydrographic patterns and anomalies, benthic boundary-layer processes and larval transport, oceanographic influences on commercial stocks, mechanics of chemical cycling and accumulation, and surf-zone production. An extensive index and references complete the book.The book is intended both to document and explain specific regional features of the Washington/Oregon shelf system and, more generally, to illustrate the complexities of interactive influences on the dynamics of coastal ecosystems. Oceanographers, both researchers and students, will be very interested in this book, and it can also be used by governmental agencies and industries dealing with coastal zone management and planning.

Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 1216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: