Download or read book CIRCULATION GENERALE ET PHOTOCHIMIE DANS L ATMOSPHERE DE TITAN written by Sébastien Lebonnois and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DEPUIS UNE VINGTAINE D'ANNEES, L'ATMOSPHERE DE TITAN FAIT L'OBJET DE TRES NOMBREUSES OBSERVATIONS ET ETUDES THEORIQUES. CE SYSTEME COMPLEXE POSE BEAUCOUP DE QUESTIONS, EN PARTICULIER QUANT AUX RELATIONS ENTRE SES DIFFERENTES COMPOSANTES, MICROPHYSIQUE DES AEROSOLS, PHOTOCHIMIE ET DYNAMIQUE ATMOSPHERIQUE. CE TRAVAIL DE THESE S'INSCRIT DANS UNE VOLONTE D'APPROFONDIR NOTRE CONNAISSANCE DE CES INTERACTIONS. LE DEVELOPPEMENT D'UN MODELE PHOTOCHIMIQUE A DEUX DIMENSIONS (ALTITUDE-LATITUDE) PERMET LE COUPLAGE ENTRE PHOTOCHIMIE, JUSQU'A PRESENT ETUDIEE SUR LA SEULE DIMENSION VERTICALE, ET DYNAMIQUE ATMOSPHERIQUE, QUI APPORTE UNE DESCRIPTION PLUS PERTINENTE DU TRANSPORT DES ESPECES CHIMIQUES DANS LA BASSE ATMOSPHERE. NOUS AVONS DEVELOPPE UNE DESCRIPTION TRIDIMENSIONNELLE DU FLUX ULTRAVIOLET PERMETTANT D'ABORDER LES EFFETS SAISONNIERS SUR L'ENSEMBLE DE LA PLANETE. LES DONNEES PHOTOCHIMIQUES ONT ETE MISES A JOUR. LA PARTIE DYNAMIQUE COMPREND LA PRISE EN COMPTE DE LA CIRCULATION MERIDIENNE, AINSI QUE DES DIFFUSIONS TURBULENTES VERTICALE ET HORIZONTALE. LES SIMULATIONS DE LA COMPOSITION DE L'ATMOSPHERE EN FONCTION DE LA LATITUDE ET DE LA SAISON, COMPLETEES PAR DES ETUDES DE SENSIBILITE ET D'IMPACT PUREMENT DYNAMIQUE, DEMONTRENT LE ROLE DE CE TRANSPORT SUR LES PROFILS LATITUDINAUX OBSERVES DANS LA BASSE STRATOSPHERE PAR LA MISSION VOYAGER. LA COMPARAISON ENTRE LES DIVERSES OBSERVATIONS ET LES SIMULATIONS EST GLOBALEMENT SATISFAISANTE. LES INCERTITUDES IMPORTANTES SUR LES DONNEES CHIMIQUES RESTENT UNE SOURCE MAJEURE DE DIFFICULTES. L'ETUDE DE LA RETROACTION RADIATIVE DES VARIATIONS DE COMPOSITION SUR LE CHAMP DE TEMPERATURE A ETE ABORDEE GRACE A L'INTRODUCTION DU SUIVI DE LA COMPOSITION DANS LE GCM. CET OUTIL, PERMETTANT UN COUPLAGE COMPLET.
Download or read book First Steps in the Origin of Life in the Universe written by Julian Chela-Flores and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-28 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the Sixth Trieste Conference on Chemical Evolution, Trieste, Italy, 18-22 September 2000
Download or read book Dynamique et mod lisation des atmosph res profondes written by Marine Tort and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Les mouvements de l'atmosphère terrestre sont assez bien décrits dans le cadre de l'approximation d'atmosphère mince, qui néglige l'épaisseur de l'atmosphère devant le rayon de la Terre. Titan, le plus grand satellite de Saturne, possède une atmosphère épaisse, le rapport de l'épaisseur par le rayon planétaire atteignant près de 25%. Pour modéliser et comprendre sa circulation générale, il est ainsi préférable voire indispensable de ne pas faire l'approximation de couche mince. Cette thèse résout des problèmes liés à la modélisation de ce type d'atmosphères dites profondes, et aborde des questions visant à la compréhension de leur dynamique. L'approximation de couche mince et l'approximation traditionnelle qui néglige la partie de la force de Coriolis associée à la composante horizontale du vecteur rotation de la planète (appelée également partie non-traditionnelle) semblent indissociables pour satisfaire la conservation du moment cinétique absolu. Nous montrons pourtant qu'il est possible de retenir les termes non-traditionnels sous l'approximation de couche mince tout en satisfaisant les lois de conservation, et ce dans les équations d'Euler compressibles et dans celles de Saint-Venant sur la sphère. Pour certains cas d'écoulements terrestres, étant donné le petit rapport d'aspect, ce nouveau modèle NT est suffisamment précis. Dans ce cas, nous réalisons plusieurs études idéalisées de stabilité de jet zonaux et de turbulence en déclin, dans le cadre de modèles de Saint-Venant et de Boussinesq en prenant en compte la force de Coriolis complète. Nous mettons en évidence les paramètres pour lesquels les effets non-traditionnels sont significatifs et discutons des effets dans des cas réalistes. Pour modéliser la circulation atmosphérique de Titan, nous intégrons les équations quasi-hydrostatiques en levant l'approximation de couche mince dans le coeur dynamique du modèle de circulation générale LMD-Z (Titan). Après avoir identifié la structure Hamiltonienne des équations, nous imitons ce formalisme au niveau discret de manière à conserver l'énergie totale dans le modèle. Divers cas tests sont mis en place afin de valider la stabilité et la précision du nouveau coeur dynamique. Finalement, le nouveau coeur est appliqué à l'atmosphère de Titan. Dans un premier temps une simulation idéalisée est réalisée en partant de vents au repos et en utilisant un rappel newtonien vers une température d'équilibre issue d'un profil vertical mesuré par la sonde Huygens. Des simulations plus réalistes sont mises en place en couplant le c{\oe}ur dynamique profond avec les paramétrisations physiques de LMD-Z (Titan).
Download or read book Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water and Wastewater Treatment written by Simon Parsons and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2004-03-01 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The suitability of Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) for pollutant degradation was recognised in the early 1970s and much research and development work has been undertaken to commercialise some of these processes. AOPs have shown great potential in treating pollutants at both low and high concentrations and have found applications as diverse as ground water treatment, municipal wastewater sludge destruction and VOCs control. Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water and Wastewater Treatment is an overview of the advanced oxidation processes currently used or proposed for the remediation of water, wastewater, odours and sludge. The book contains two opening chapters which present introductions to advanced oxidation processes and a background to UV photolysis, seven chapters focusing on individual advanced oxidation processes and, finally, three chapters concentrating on selected applications of advanced oxidation processes. Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water and Wastewater Treatment will be invaluable to readers interested in water and wastewater treatment processes, including professionals and suppliers, as well as students and academics studying in this area. Dr Simon Parsons is a Senior Lecturer in Water Sciences at Cranfield University with ten years' experience of industrial and academic research and development.
Download or read book Elements of Gas Dynamics written by H. W. Liepmann and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2013-04-09 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing importance of concepts from compressible fluid flow theory for aeronautical applications makes the republication of this first-rate text particularly timely. Intended mainly for aeronautics students, the text will also be helpful to practicing engineers and scientists who work on problems involving the aerodynamics of compressible fluids. Covering the general principles of gas dynamics to provide a working understanding of the essentials of gas flow, the contents of this book form the foundation for a study of the specialized literature and should give the necessary background for reading original papers on the subject. Topics include introductory concepts from thermodynamics, including entropy, reciprocity relations, equilibrium conditions, the law of mass action and condensation; one-dimensional gasdynamics, one-dimensional wave motion, waves in supersonic flow, flow in ducts and wind tunnels, methods of measurement, the equations of frictionless flow, small-perturbation theory, transonic flow, effects of viscosity and conductivity, and much more. The text includes numerous detailed figures and several useful tables, while concluding exercises demonstrate the application of the material in the text and outline additional subjects. Advanced undergraduate or graduate physics and engineering students with at least a working knowledge of calculus and basic physics will profit immensely from studying this outstanding volume.
Download or read book Semiconductor Laser Fundamentals written by Toshiaki Suhara and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-03-16 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ranging from fundamental theoretical concepts to advanced device technologies, this reference/text explores the engineering, characteristics, and performance of specific semiconductor lasers. It defines key principles in electromagnetics, optoelectronics, and laser implementation for novel applications in optical communications, storage, processing
Download or read book An Introduction to Differential Manifolds written by Jacques Lafontaine and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-29 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an introduction to differential manifolds. It gives solid preliminaries for more advanced topics: Riemannian manifolds, differential topology, Lie theory. It presupposes little background: the reader is only expected to master basic differential calculus, and a little point-set topology. The book covers the main topics of differential geometry: manifolds, tangent space, vector fields, differential forms, Lie groups, and a few more sophisticated topics such as de Rham cohomology, degree theory and the Gauss-Bonnet theorem for surfaces. Its ambition is to give solid foundations. In particular, the introduction of “abstract” notions such as manifolds or differential forms is motivated via questions and examples from mathematics or theoretical physics. More than 150 exercises, some of them easy and classical, some others more sophisticated, will help the beginner as well as the more expert reader. Solutions are provided for most of them. The book should be of interest to various readers: undergraduate and graduate students for a first contact to differential manifolds, mathematicians from other fields and physicists who wish to acquire some feeling about this beautiful theory. The original French text Introduction aux variétés différentielles has been a best-seller in its category in France for many years. Jacques Lafontaine was successively assistant Professor at Paris Diderot University and Professor at the University of Montpellier, where he is presently emeritus. His main research interests are Riemannian and pseudo-Riemannian geometry, including some aspects of mathematical relativity. Besides his personal research articles, he was involved in several textbooks and research monographs.
Download or read book Photochemical Technology written by A. M. Braun and published by . This book was released on 1991-08 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction to the diverse industrial applications of preparative photochemistry. The authors treat topics of concern to both user and engineer: energy flux and sources, actinometry and the measurement of luminous power, photochemical reactors and the present and potential industrial applications of photochemical reactions. Domains that are simultaneously important in industrial application as well as rich in instruction are described: photohalogenation, sulfochlorination, photochemical oximation of hydrocarbons, photooxidation, and photopinacolization. Information on industrial processes, production capacities and safety concerns are examined in depth.
Download or read book Aeronomy written by P. M. Banks and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-09-24 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aeronomy, Part A is an attempt to make a comprehensive exposition of the processes in aeronomy, the study of composition, movement, and thermal balance of the upper regions of the planetary atmosphere. The text covers topics such as atmospheric regions and atmospheric density, the temperature and molecular mass of the atmosphere; the permanent constituents and the molecular and isotonic composition of the homosphere; and the transition from the homosphere to the heterosphere. Also covered are topics such as the temperature gradient and energies in the thermosphere, conditions at 200km and above 250km, solar radiation and ionization, and aeronomic reactions. The book is recommended for scientists, especially natural physicists, who would like to know more about the field of aeronomy and its advances.
Download or read book Exobiology Matter Energy and Information in the Origin and Evolution of Life in the Universe written by Julian Chela-Flores and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-10-14 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading researchers in the area of the origin, evolution and distribution of life in the universe contributed to Exobiology: Matter, Energy, and Information in the Origin and Evolution of Life in the Universe. This volume provides a review of this interdisciplinary field. In 50 chapters many aspects that contribute to exobiology are reviewed by 90 authors. These include: historical perspective of biological evolution; cultural aspects of exobiology, cosmic, chemical and biological evolution, molecular biology, geochronology, biogeochemistry, biogeology, and planetology. Some of the current missions are discussed. Other subjects in the frontier of exobiology are reviewed, such as the search for planets outside the solar system, and the possible manifestation of intelligence in those new potential environments. The SETI research effort is well represented in this general overview of exobiology. This book is the proceedings of the Fifth Trieste Conference on Chemical Evolution that took place in September 1997. The volume is dedicated to the memory of Nobel Laureate Abdus Salam who suggested the initiation of the Trieste conferences on chemical evolution and the origin of life. Audience: Graduate students and researchers in the many areas of basic, earth, and life sciences that contribute to the study of chemical evolution and the origin, evolution and distribution of life in the universe.
Download or read book Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena written by Peter Hess and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-03-12 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena contains reviews and a large numberof selected contributed papers reporting progress in the application of new photoacoustic and photo- thermal techniques in physics, chemistry, biology, medicine and materials science. Theoretical and experimental work is presented on spectroscopy, kinetics and relaxation, trace analysis, mass and heat transport, surfaces and thin films, nondestructive evaluation,ultrasonics and semiconductors.
Download or read book Minimum competence in scientific English written by Sue Blattes and published by L'Editeur : EDP Sciences. This book was released on 2003 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cet ouvrage, devenu célèbre sous son sigle MCSE, a déjà été utilisé par plus de 50 000 étudiants, chercheurs, professionnels. L'objectif est de lire et écrire des textes en anglais scientifique avec facilité et pertinence. L'ouvrage est conçu pour que l'apprenant devienne un véritable utilisateur de l'anglais. La méthode originale repose sur l'analyse des fonctions et structures nécessaires : measurement, frequency, comparison, modification, link words, time, cause and consequence, hypothesis, modality, purpose and process, impersonal forms, compound nouns and adjectives. Dans chaque unit, des tests d'auto-évaluation permettent de se situer et de construire son parcours de formation, d'abord en définissant ses objectifs à l'aide des key points et du lexis, puis, de façon plus personnalisée, en puisant dans les examples in context, checkpoints (back to basics, word web), web search, FAQs... MCSE est l'outil de base d'une méthode qui comprend aussi d'autres outils dans la même collection (Listening Comprehension for Scientiflc English et Speaking Skills in Scientitic English). L'ouvrage est destiné à tout apprenant de niveau baccalauréat qui désire acquérir une réelle compétence dans l'écriture et la lecture de textes en anglais scientifique.
Download or read book Popular Astronomy written by Camille Flammarion and published by . This book was released on 1894 with total page 732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Soil Ecotoxicology written by Joseph Tarradellas and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-12-23 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soils are receptacles for a wide range of hazardous chemicals generated by human activities. Whether or not this contamination is deliberate, accurate toxicity assessments are important for health and economic reasons. Soil Ecotoxicology discusses the sources, fate, and transport of hazardous chemicals in soils. The fate (biodegradation and modeling) and the potential impacts of pesticides on soil ecosystems are emphasized, and methodologies for performing toxicity assessments are provided.
Download or read book Behavioural Ecotoxicology written by Giacomo Dell'Omo and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2002-05-22 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Behavioural ecotoxicology is an emerging field dealing with the effects of environmental pollutants on the behaviour of animals. Behavioural techniques derived from experimental psychology, behavioural pharmacology and neurotoxicology are applied to detect and characterise changes in animals living in the environment exposed to various pollutants. Behavioural effects are then interpreted in an ecological context considering the long-term relevance of these changes at both the individual and population level.
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 2 Test No 231 Amphibian Metamorphosis Assay written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2009-09-08 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Test Guideline describes an amphibian metamorphosis assay intended to screen substances which may interfere with the normal functioning of the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis. The assay was validated with the species Xenopus laevis, which is ...
