Download or read book Churchill and the Montgomery Myth written by R. W. Thompson and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2014-04-25 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is perhaps the most revealing case history of the politics of modern warfare ever set down. It is a story of a time when image making and public relations took precedence over strategy at the cost of thousands of lives. It is the story of the distortion of history and the promulgation of questionable glory. By August 1942, disaster had struck Great Britain in every theater of war, Singapore had fallen; Crete was gone; the Egyptians were hammering at Egypt. The British Navy and Air Force were being repulsed, and Churchill wrote: “I should have then vanished from the scene and the harvest would have been ascribed to my belated disappearance.” The shadow of becoming a second class power was already falling on Britain, and Churchill and his generals were about to be eclipsed by Roosevelt and the strength of America. Churchill was desperate for victory and a glamorous hero. General Auchinleck, commander of Britain’s Eighth Army, had already fought a successful battle at El Alamein. But Churchill needed something more theatrically effective than what Auchinleck could provide. SO he set the propaganda machinery working to obliterate that victory. Auchinleck was sacked and replaced by Montgomery. Although Rommel was by this time a very sick man with a weakened army, the myth of the Desert Fox was revived as well. And the second Battle of El Alamein, the one recorded in the history books, was launched. Every man played his part well, including the public relations staff, General Montgomery’s personal photographers, the moving picture teams, and those who fell in battle. This is a fascinating book, not just for buffs of military history, but for anyone concerned with how a war is really run in an age of propaganda.

Download or read book Blood Sweat and Arrogance written by Gordon Corrigan and published by Orion. This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gordon Corrigan's Mud, Blood and Poppycock overturned the myths that surround the First World War. Now he challenges our assumptions about the Second World War in this brilliant, caustic narrative that exposes just how close Britain came to losing. He reveals how Winston Churchill bears a heavy responsibility for the state of our forces in 1939, and how his interference in military operations caused a string of disasters. The reputations of some of our most famous generals are also overturned: above all, Montgomery, whose post-war stature owes more to his skill with a pen than talent for command. But this is not just a story of personalities. Gordon Corrigan investigates how the British, who had the biggest and best army in the world in 1918, managed to forget everything they had learned in just twenty years. The British invented the tank, but in 1940 it was the Germans who showed the world how to use them. After we avoided defeat, but the slimmest of margins, it was a very long haul to defeat Hitler's army, and one in which the Russians would ultimately bear the heaviest burden.

Download or read book The Montgomery Legend written by R. W. THOMPSON and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-11-22 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, first published in 1967, examines the foundations and the substance of the Montgomery Legend. The public needed a Hero as Britain's time on the ropes ended, and it was also politically necessary, lest Britain be swamped by the power of its allies.

Download or read book Master of the Battlefield written by Nigel Hamilton and published by McGraw-Hill Companies. This book was released on 1983 with total page 968 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master of the Battlefield charts the biography of Field Marshal Viscount Montgomery from his decisive victory at El Alamein through the Battle of Normandy. It details the most complex, full years of Montgomery's career, following the time he became a household name after his North African campaign, and including his battles in Sicily and Italy, and the final Allied conquest in France in 1944. Based on Montgomery's secret diaries, letters and vast collections of private papers, which have remained confidential and inaccessible until now, this is the authorized biography of Montgomery in his most important years as commander. - Jacket flap.

Download or read book The Montgomery Legend written by R.W. Thompson and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2021-11-21 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, first published in 1967, examines the foundations and the substance of the Montgomery Legend. His appearance upon the scene in the Western Desert coincided with a change in warfare as ‘ironmongery replaced generalship’, as General Fuller observed, and with Montgomery’s victories came a British need for a Champion for all to see. The public needed a Hero as Britain’s time on the ropes ended, and it was also politically necessary, lest Britain be swamped by the power of its allies.

Download or read book Churchill s Bestiary written by Piers Brendon and published by Michael O'Mara Books. This book was released on 2018-10-25 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this fascinating and unique biography, Dr Piers Brendon looks deeper into Churchill's love of the animal kingdom, and at how animals played such a large part in his everyday life.

Download or read book Winston Churchill written by Christopher Catherwood and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2009-03-03 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: He was a legendary man of strength-but no man is without his weaknesses. Revered for his strength of character when Britain stood alone against Nazi Germany, Winston Churchill is painted as one of World War II's most heroic figures-a characterization that overshadows his faults, which have had their own devastating legacy. This book examines the decisions and policies of Churchill between June 1940 and December 1941 that actually hindered the Allied cause, extended the conflict, and even destabilized several regions that remain in chaos to this day. With profound insight into Churchill's early colonial experiences as well as his first tenure as First Lord of the Admiralty, Christopher Catherwood offers an honest appraisal of Churchill's strategies in a unique and fascinating perspective that separates the myth from the man.

Download or read book The Era of World War II written by Roy Barnard and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Special Bibliography written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Operation Crusader and the Desert War in British History and Memory written by Alexander Joffe and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-09-03 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shortlisted for the 2021 Society for Army Historical Research's Templer Medal Operation Crusader, launched in November 1941, was the third and final British attempt to relieve the siege of Tobruk and break the German and Italian forces in North Africa. After tough initial fighting, the British made important gains, only to be countered by a stunning breakthrough overseen personally by Lt. General Erwin Rommel. As the British situation teetered, the commander of the 8th Army, Lt. General Alan Cunningham, was relieved of duty by his superior, General Claude Auchinleck. This decision changed the direction of the battle and perhaps the war itself. Why and how Cunningham was relieved has been the subject of commentary and speculation since it occurred. Using newly discovered evidence, Alexander Joffe rethinks the events that brought about the sudden relief of the operation's commanding officer, including insubordination. The book then discusses how narratives regarding the operation were created, were incorporated into British and Commonwealth official and unofficial historical writing about the war, and contributed to British historical memory. Based on a decade of archival work, the book presents a new and detailed analysis of a consequential battle and, importantly, of how its history was written and received in the context of post-war Britain.

Download or read book Great Warrior Leaders thinkers written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Hollow Heroes written by Michael Arnold and published by Casemate. This book was released on 2015-02-19 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These revealing portraits of Churchill, Montgomery, and Mountbatten expose the truth about the most famous British figures in WWII history. Hollow Heroes separates fact from fiction regarding three of Great Britain’s most revered World War II–era military leaders—Winston Churchill, Bernard Montgomery, and Louis Mountbatten—revealing that their reputations were largely built on deception and dishonesty. Examining the influence of class in the British Army, historian Michael Arnold notes that officer promotion was based more on social background than effectiveness. Field Marshall Montgomery feared and envied Gen. Patton, whose rate of advance was nearly always twice that of Monty’s. Meanwhile, the services of Field Marshals Wavell and Auchinleck, two of Britain’s finest commanders, were largely lost to Britain because of Churchill’s interfering in field matters and his contrivances to remain in power after Singapore was lost on his watch. Adm. Mountbatten’s fumbling in India is also realistically portrayed, exposing the “man for the century’s” overly embellished reputation.

Download or read book Where Brave Men Fall The Battle of Dieppe and the Espionage War Against Hitler 1939 1942 written by George Robert Fosty and published by Stryker-Indigo Publishing Company, Inc. New York . This book was released on 2020-07-30 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: George & Darril Fosty controversial book "Where Brave Men Fall: The Battle of Dieppe and the Espionage War Against Hitler, 1939-1942" points a damning finger at American and British news organizations, including "Time" and "Life" magazines, accusing them of leaking pre-raid information to the Germans resulting in the deaths, woundings, and capture of over 4,300 American, British and Canadian soldiers. "Where Brave Men Fall" explores the controversial 1942 Battle of Dieppe looking at pre-raid advertisements in what the authors claim was part of a complex campaign initiated at the highest levels of American and British political and military circles designed to tip off the Germans prior to the August 1942 raid and thus ensuring the raid's failure. The revelations, stunning in detail and scope, are the latest accusations to surface concerning the battle. A Controversial Battle Becomes Even More Controversial On August 19, 1942, an Allied naval armada of 237 ships arrived off the coast of Dieppe, France carrying ten thousand sailors and soldiers determined to assault Adolf Hitler’s Fortress Europe in what was coined Operation JUBILEE. What these men thought would be a textbook lesson in amphibious warfare turned instead into a slaughter. In only seven hours of battle, the Allies, consisting mostly of Canadian troops, lost more men than the United States during either the War of 1812, the Mexican-American War, or the Spanish-American War. Before the day was ended, the Canadians recorded a 68 percent casualty rate. Of the 5,086 Canadians who landed at Dieppe only 1443 returned to England, many of whom were wounded. What was to have been the first Allied attempt to land a large force on the European Continent since Dunkirk instead, turned into a horrendous failure. The Battle of Dieppe was the first serious Allied assault against Hitler’s western European defense system in World War Two. Historically, it is regarded as the preamble to the June 6, 1944, D-Day Landings. Yet, there has never been a detailed and complete examination of the political, military, or strategic reasons behind the raid, the countless security leaks preceding the battle, nor the claims by both German and Allied troops that the Germans had been forewarned. "Where Brave Men Fall" is a riveting journey across the pages of WWII military and political history. Painstakingly researched, the authors tell the story of American and British political, military, media, and espionage intrigues and the events leading up to and culminating in the Battle of Dieppe. Their conclusions are both profound and sobering, revealing how the Dieppe Raid was part of a grand British military deception resulting in the cold-blooded and calculated sacrifice of Canadian troops, in part to prevent Hitler from freeing up his western forces for an anticipated German invasion of Spain. A fact that has never been revealed before in any military history written on the Dieppe Raid. Of the more than five hundred books and studies written on the Dieppe Raid since the end of World War Two, "Where Brave Men Fall" is the first and only book to document German plans for an invasion of Spain and neighboring Portugal as they pertained to the Dieppe Raid. The book also goes into great detail showing the political and military links between the Dieppe Raid, the planning for the Second Front in Europe, and the subsequent Allied Operation Torch landings in North Africa. Twenty-Five Years in the Making At times, "Where Brave Men Fall" appears as two stories in one. In 1986, George and Darril Fosty, two young researchers who were just beginning their careers as historians received an invitation to attend the South Saskatchewan Regiment Reunion in Langley, British Columbia, for the purpose of interviewing veterans of the Dieppe Raid. The invitation had been arranged by their uncle, a Canadian military veteran who had fought alongside these prairie warriors during the Battle of the Scheldt and the 1944 Liberation of Holland. The South Saskatchewan Regiment was one of the greatest military regiments in Canadian military history. There exploits at Dieppe made famous in James Leasor's book, "Green Beach." Recounts George Fosty, "We were just two young kids who wanted to write about Dieppe. Darril was only 17- years of age at the time, and I had just turned 26. Together we drove down from our home in Kamloops to the reunion and were shocked to find that we were the only so-called 'historians' on hand for the event. A reporter from a local newspaper eventually showed up, but she seemed very uninterested in these men and their stories, and she quickly left. At the time, Expo 86 was taking place in Vancouver and it appeared that the last thing the local media wanted to do was to interview a group of old men at some war reunion. Darril and I spent two-days interviewing these veterans and attempting to document their stories. It was our first project together and Darril and I had no idea where it would lead nor how many years we would continue to research this history." Little did the Fosty brothers realize that the 1986 Reunion would mark the beginning of a 25-year journey which would lead from a Canadian Legion Hall in British Columbia to the espionage streets of New York City, the back rooms of American and British politics, and the forgotten battlefields of France. Along the way, the brothers would not only discover new and disturbing truths behind the Dieppe Raid, but would also succeed in recording a rare account of the lives of a group of South Saskatchewan Regiment veterans forever changed by Dieppe. Adds Darril Fosty, " Two-years after the reunion we sent letters to a number of veterans seeking additional information in hopes of confirming some of our research. During the 1990's we continued to research the story on and off, often failing to find the answers we were seeking. By 1996, we were frustrated by our lack of success and we turned our attention to other projects in order to take a break from the project. In 2002, I went over to France and toured the battlefields. I was disturbed by what I found. Walking those beaches, I gained a perspective of Dieppe that I had never had before. I returned home even more determined to see us finish this book and to answer some of the political and military questions that previous historians had failed to resolve." Were 10,000 Allied Troops Betrayed? At the heart of the Fosty brother's latest research and claims are disturbing and detailed evidence documenting the role played by the American and British press in the months preceding the Battle of Dieppe. The authors point to a series of articles, images, and advertisements in both "Life" and "Time" magazines in the months and days prior to the Dieppe Raid which appears to telegraph the upcoming operation. According to George Fosty, "Early in our research, we were told by a number of Dieppe veterans that they believed the Germans had been forewarned. These men recounted specific incidents during the battle and following their capture that could only be explained if one accepted the fact that the Germans had forehand knowledge of the Raid. The dilemma we faced as historians were to either dismiss these accounts outright or to investigate these allegations to their proper end. We chose to accept the accounts of the veterans as fact and then set out to find proof of security leaks and pre-raid breaches to support their claims. It was a process that took us years to complete with more dead-ends than one could imagine. It was not until after we began to research American magazines and newspapers from the 1942 era that we began to see disturbing references and evidence implying a serious security breach. The more we researched New York City-based American magazines and newspapers, the more disturbing these so-called 'coincidences' became. It was these security breaches that led us to examine the espionage operations staged by the U.S., the British, and the Germans in the New York area during World War Two in hopes of determining who was behind these postings. These discoveries were both disturbing and amazing as they validated the accounts of the Dieppe veterans and answered questions that had for too long eluded us." One of the most glaring security breaches discovered by the authors was an August 17, 1942 Honeywell advertisement that appeared in "Life" Magazine. The ad was titled: "194? We'll Be Ready." The authors write: "On August 17, 1942, Life Magazine followed up their earlier Commando 'postings' with a cover magazine photo of a Canadian Guerrilla fighter. The magazine was notable for the unusual advertisement from Brown and Minneapolis-Honeywell that simply stated: "194? We'll Be Ready." This advertisement was unique. When taken in context with the previous Time and Life Magazine postings it implies some code or message was being sent. August 19 - 4 a.m. was the time when the first Allied troops were scheduled to begin landing on the beaches in and around Dieppe. The unusual advertisements appearing in British and American publications along with a series of breaches in security leading up to the operation suggests the Germans were being forewarned of the raid. What also raises serious questions is the fact this Honeywell ad, along with Time Magazine’s Mountbatten of the Commandos - His boys in blackface will see the day of wrath, would appear in Henry Luce owned publications. An early organizer in moving the United States towards direct intervention and conflict, Luce remained the editor-in-chief of all his publications until 1964. He was a man noted and respected for his painstaking attention to detail supervising every aspect of the content for both Time and Life Magazines. Luce’s editorial and advertising offices operated out of Rockefeller Center adjacent to the very men of the intelligence services of which he had worked closely during his time with The Century Group - Office of War Information’s Elmer Davis, American Intelligence’s William Donovan and Allen Dulles along with British Intelligence’s William Stephenson. Coincidence is one thing. However, a series of unusual postings indicate something more sinister. Were the Allies deliberately forewarning the Germans through Luce’s and other publications?" Another example of security and espionage leaks documented by the authors concerns a Sylvan Flakes soap advertisement that appeared in British newspapers less than a week before the battle. They write: "On August 13th a Sylvan Flakes advertisement was run in various London Newspapers subsequently raising eyebrows. The ad titled "BEACH COAT from DIEPPE" showed an image of a woman in a coat pruning a rose bush. It was later claimed by many, including the great English writer George Orwell, as evidence of a tip-off to the raid. Some speculated this ad could be interpreted as BEACH ... Combined Operations ATtack from Dieppe. The date of the planned landing was to be August 19th, six days after the publication of the ad, corresponding with the six buttonholes on the coat. As later reported in newspapers on both sides of the Atlantic in September of 1942, "The spare time Sherlocks figured the shears were a warning to somebody that the British were bringing tanks - to cut through barbed wire on the beach." In an October 4, 1963, article in the Daily Sketch newspaper entitled “Did This Betray 6,000 Men At Dieppe,” writer Louis Kirby asked the obvious question, "How many women had holidayed in Dieppe before the war - and brought back with them a "flippant" beach coat?” By holding the Sylvan ad horizontally, the true nature of the image is revealed. What appears is the aerial layout of the beachfront of Dieppe, including the Casino and the curved beach wall. The beachfront also contains the natural curvature of the mile-long shoreline. The striped pattern on the woman's jacket no longer appears as a simple design but is now clearly the image of the ocean. The four buttons suddenly serve a new purpose as they now reveal the exact landing points for the Royal Marines, Fusiliers-Mont Royal, the Royal Hamilton Light Infantry, and the Calgary Tank Regiment. The tree limbs also take on a new meaning when viewed horizontally. Again, the map is of Dieppe, though this time at a higher altitude. Visible is the coastline, the harbor, and the nearby rivers that run to the ocean. Three branches point inland from the ocean. These three limbs are again the exact landing and directional routes for the Royal Marines, the Royal Hamilton Light Infantry, and the Calgary Tanks. The limb representing the Calgary Tanks even has a bend at the tip showing the last directional change the tank landing craft were to take moments before they were to reach the shore. After news of the failed Dieppe Raid many came to question whether this ad was intended to tip-off the Germans. The Sylvan ad kicked off such a controversy British government officials were forced to investigate the claims. Sylvan claimed the ad was part of a series of garments with geographical ties like Bali, the Tyrol, and China. In addition, the agency responsible was seemingly above recuse as their "work consists of a series of anti-fifth-column posters for the government." On September 17th, officials concluded, after giving due consideration to all of these interpretations, "they found the ad was just that, without any sinister hidden motive." How military investigators could later dismiss this advertisement and claim the ad was not espionage-related remains one of the great mysteries surrounding the raid." No Strangers To Controversy In 2003, George and Darril Fosty released their first book, "Splendid Is The Sun: The 5,000 Year History of Hockey." The book angered many in Canada for its contention that the roots of hockey dated back to ancient times. A year later, they added more fuel to the fire with the release of "Black Ice: The Lost History Of The Colored Hockey League Of The Maritimes, 1895 to 1925." "Black Ice" would eventually climb to number 71 on the Amazon bestseller's list becoming one of the highest-charting hockey books in history. To this day, both books are considered landmark achievements and are credited with rewriting hockey history and resurrecting the legacy of African-Canadian hockey, a history that had been deliberately removed from the Canadian historic record. About The Book "Where Brave Men Fall" is guaranteed to re-ignite long-simmering controversies and emotions surrounding the Battle of Dieppe, the role of the Canadian Army, and the actions of British and American politicians, the press, and military officials in World War Two. Twenty-five years in the making, the book is a groundbreaking and disturbing history that exposes Allied backroom politics, treason, and wartime espionage while laying bare the story of one of the greatest military disasters and betrayals of World War Two. Adds Darril Fosty, "Dieppe was our first project. Our most difficult project. This has been a long journey with amazing story twists and discoveries." "Where Brave Men Fall" is a must-read guaranteed to leave the reader angry and shaken, forever changing one's perspective of World War Two history.

Download or read book On War and Leadership written by Michael Owen Connelly and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009-01-10 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What can we learn about leadership and the experience of war from the best combat leaders the world has ever known? This book takes us behind the scenes and to the front lines of the major wars of the past 250 years through the words of twenty combat commanders. What they have to say--which is remarkably similar across generational, national, and ideological divides--is a fascinating take on military history by those who lived it. It is also worthwhile reading for anyone, from any walk of life, who makes executive decisions. The leaders showcased here range from Frederick the Great to Norman Schwarzkopf. They include such diverse figures as Napoleon Bonaparte, commanders on both sides of the Civil War (William Tecumseh Sherman and Stonewall Jackson), German and American World War II generals (Rommel and Patton), a veteran of the Arab-Israeli wars (Moshe Dayan), and leaders from both sides of the Vietnam War (Vo Nguyen Giap and Harold Moore). What they have had in common is an unrivaled understanding of the art of command and a willingness to lead from the front. All earned the respect and loyalty of those they led--and moved them to risk death. The practices of these commanders apply to any leadership situation, whether military, business, political, athletic, or other. Their words reveal techniques for anticipating the competition, leading through example, taking care of the "troops," staying informed, turning bad luck to advantage, improvising, and making bold decisions. Leader after leader emphasizes the importance of up-front "muddy boots" leadership and reveals what it takes to persevere and win. Identifying a pattern of proven leadership, this book will benefit anyone who aspires to lead a country, a squadron, a company, or a basketball team. It is a unique distillation of two and a half centuries of military wisdom.

Download or read book Ike the Soldier written by Merle Miller and published by Rosetta Books. This book was released on 2018-04-24 with total page 1409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the bestselling author of Plain Speaking and Lyndon comes this “vivid and consistently absorbing record of Dwight D. Eisenhower’s military career” (Kirkus Reviews). Bringing together thousands of hours of interviews with the men and women who were closest to him, Merle Miller has constructed a revealing and personal biography of the man who would become the supreme commander. From his childhood in Kansas to West Point, World War I, and Europe where he led the Allied Forces to a hard-won victory in World War II, Ike the Soldier goes behind the historic battles and into the heart and mind of Ike Eisenhower. Miller has crafted the defining biography on the life of the thirty-fourth president, bringing more depth to the man many thought they knew. His strained relationships with his father, brothers, and son are brought into focus; as well as his love affair with his wife Mamie, and his relationship with Kay Summersby—his driver turned companion and confidante during WWII. “An informed and balanced tribute to a world-class leader whose remarkable character gains greater luster with the passage of time.” —Kirkus Reviews “This is a highly enjoyable look at Ike’s personal and official relationships with the people most important to him during the first 55 years of his life, including family, Army and Allied colleagues and heads of state.” —Publishers Weekly

Download or read book Alam Halfa A Study Of High Command written by LTC Charles J. Schwartzman and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2014-08-15 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years the army has adopted rigorous programs which evaluate the competence and leadership abilities of its combat leaders. For the first time, senior leaders are being formally evaluated as they command their units in the simulated combat environment provided by the Battle Combat Training Program (BCTP). Preparation for BCTP will require introspection and thought as the commander develops his concept of the operation and establishes the vision to guide his organization. This paper can assist the commander in this effort by challenging his thought processes and by provoking him to find answers to the problems of command. It describes the Battle of Alam Halfa which was fought in North Africa in 1942. It is appropriate because its major participant, General Bernard Montgomery, had a uniquely “BCTP-type” mission. He was expected to assume command, imprint his methods and procedures on his army, and fight a major battle within a two-week period. The study includes an overview of the following: the situation in North Africa during the summer of 1942; the steps Montgomery took to prepare his force for battle; and the fighting itself. It concludes with an analysis of the battle using the AirLand Battle imperatives.

Download or read book World War II 5 volumes written by Spencer C. Tucker and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2016-09-06 with total page 4723 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With more than 1,700 cross-referenced entries covering every aspect of World War II, the events and developments of the era, and myriad related subjects as well as a documents volume, this is the most comprehensive reference work available on the war. This encyclopedia represents a single source of authoritative information on World War II that provides accessible coverage of the causes, course, and consequences of the war. Its introductory overview essays and cross-referenced A–Z entries explain how various sources of friction culminated in a second worldwide conflict, document the events of the war and why individual battles were won and lost, and identify numerous ways the war has permanently changed the world. The coverage addresses the individuals, campaigns, battles, key weapons systems, strategic decisions, and technological developments of the conflict, as well as the diplomatic, economic, and cultural aspects of World War II. The five-volume set provides comprehensive information that gives readers insight into the reasons for the war's direction and outcome. Readers will understand the motivations behind Japan's decision to attack the United States, appreciate how the concentration of German military resources on the Eastern Front affected the war's outcome, understand the major strategic decisions of the war and the factors behind them, grasp how the Second Sino-Japanese War contributed to the start of World War II, and see the direct impact of new military technology on the outcomes of the battles during the conflict. The lengthy documents volume represents a valuable repository of additional information for student research.