Download or read book Church and Revolution in Rwanda written by Ian Linden and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 1977 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Christianity and Genocide in Rwanda written by Timothy Longman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-03-31 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although Rwanda is among the most Christian countries in Africa, in the 1994 genocide, church buildings became the primary killing grounds. To explain why so many Christians participated in the violence, this book looks at the history of Christian engagement in Rwanda and then turns to a rich body of original national and local-level research to argue that Rwanda's churches have consistently allied themselves with the state and played ethnic politics. Comparing two local Presbyterian parishes in Kibuye prior to the genocide demonstrates that progressive forces were seeking to democratize the churches. Just as Hutu politicians used the genocide of Tutsi to assert political power and crush democratic reform, church leaders supported the genocide to secure their own power. The fact that Christianity inspired some Rwandans to oppose the genocide demonstrates that opposition by the churches was possible and might have hindered the violence.
Download or read book Rwanda Before the Genocide written by J.J. Carney and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-09-02 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the Bethwell A. Ogot Book Prize of the African Studies Association Between 1920 and 1994, the Catholic Church was Rwanda's most dominant social and religious institution. In recent years, the church has been critiqued for its perceived complicity in the ethnic discourse and political corruption that culminated with the 1994 genocide. In analyzing the contested legacy of Catholicism in Rwanda, Rwanda Before the Genocide focuses on a critical decade, from 1952 to 1962, when Hutu and Tutsi identities became politicized, essentialized, and associated with political violence. This study--the first English-language church history on Rwanda in over 30 years--examines the reactions of Catholic leaders such as the Swiss White Father André Perraudin and Aloys Bigirumwami, Rwanda's first indigenous bishop. It evaluates Catholic leaders' controversial responses to ethnic violence during the revolutionary changes of 1959-62 and after Rwanda's ethnic massacres in 1963-64, 1973, and the early 1990s. In seeking to provide deeper insight into the many-threaded roots of the Rwandan genocide, Rwanda Before the Genocide offers constructive lessons for Christian ecclesiology and social ethics in Africa and beyond.
Download or read book Reinventing Theology in Post Genocide Rwanda written by Marcel Uwineza and published by Georgetown University Press. This book was released on 2023 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive examination of the Catholic Church's role in the genocide against the Tutsi and its attempts at reconciliation From April to July 1994, more than a million people were killed during the genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda. Tutsi men, women, and children were slaughtered by Hutu extremists in churches and school buildings, and their lifeless bodies were left rotting in these sacred places under the deep silence of church authorities. Pope Francis's apology more than twenty years later presents the opportunity to reimagine the essence of the Church, the missionary enterprise, theology in its multiple dimensions, the purification of memory, and the place of human dignity in the Catholic faith. Reinventing Theology in Post-Genocide Rwanda critically examines the Church's responsibility in Rwanda's tragic history and opens the dialogue to construct a new theology. Contributors to this volume offer moving personal testimonies of their journeys to reconciling the evil that has marred the Church's image: bystanders' indifference to the suffering, despite their claim as members of the Church. The first volume of its kind, Reinventing Theology in Post-Genocide Rwanda is a necessary step toward the Rwandan Catholic Church and humanity's restoration of fundamental peace and lasting reconciliation. Catholic clergy, lay people, and human rights advocates will benefit from this examination of ecclesial moral failure and subsequent reconciliatory efforts.
Download or read book Linden Lan Church and Revolution in Rwanda written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Bishop of Rwanda written by John Rucyahana and published by Thomas Nelson. This book was released on 2008-07-27 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1994, as his country descended into the madness of genocide, Anglican Bishop John Rucyahana underwent the mind-numbing pain of having members of his church and family butchered. John refused to become a part of the systemic hatred. He founded the Sonrise orphanage and school for children orphaned in the genocide, and he now leads reconciliation efforts between his own Tutsi people, the victims of this horrific massacre, and the perpetrators, the Hutus. His remarkable story is one that demands to be told.
Download or read book The Churches and Ethnic Ideology in the Rwandan Crises 1900 1994 written by Tharcisse Gatwa and published by Wipf and Stock Publishers. This book was released on 2008-09-01 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To many observers, Rwanda was a colony of the White Fathers. That Roman Catholic religious order, created in Algiers in 1868 by Cardinal Lavigerie, evangelized the country from 1900 onwards, effectively becoming the state church. To maintain its domination, the Roman Catholic Church's hierarchy supported the theory of the so-called hamite supremacy by selecting, educating, and establishing an elite among one of the three Rwandan social groups, the Batutsi, who were given the monopoly of power. Frustrations and recriminations that resulted from this injustice and its accompanying exclusion of other groups from power, led to the bloodshed of the uprisings of the 1959 revolution that preceded independence in 1962. Then, in 1959, the Roman Catholic Church abandoned the Batutsi in favour of the Bahutu majority. From 1973 to 1994, both Catholic and Protestant leaders entered into close political relations with the regime of the MRND (Mouvement RŽvolutionnaire National pour le DŽveloppement), which alienated them from the people of Rwanda when human rights abuses were widespread, culminating in the war in 1990 and the genocide of 1994. If the church's mission remains that of teaching and evidencing love, justice and righteousness (Micah 6:8), there is the need for it to recover its credibility so that it can play its part in the healing and reconciliation of the country, and this can only be done through its confession and repentance of it failures and complicity in the tragedies.
Download or read book Christianity and Crisis in Rwanda written by Timothy Paul Longman and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Committed to Conflict written by Laurent Mbanda and published by Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. This book was released on 1997 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Rwanda Genocide and the Call to Deepen Christianity in Africa written by Mario I. Aguilar and published by Amecea Gaba Publications. This book was released on 1998 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Love Prevails written by Rutagengwa, Jean Bosco and published by Orbis Books. This book was released on 2019-03-28 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Twenty-five years ago in April 1994, a savage campaign of genocide was unleashed against the Tutsis of Rwanda. The violence of a hundred days left as many as a million people dead. This personal narrative tells the story of two survivors--Jean Bosco and his fiancée Christine. While most of their family members perished, they managed to escape to what is now famous as the Hotel Rwanda. Their story of survival is at once a love story and a harrowing inside look at what happens when a country is overrun by evil. But it is also a story of faith--an effort to find God in the midst of horror--and of their subsequent struggles to find meaning, healing, and reconciliation"--
Download or read book Genocide in Rwanda written by Carol Rittner and published by Paragon House Publishers. This book was released on 2004-08-23 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1994, genocide put Rwanda on the map for most of the world. It also exposed one of the most shameful scandals of the Rwandan churches-the complicity of the Christian churches in the genocide. Rwanda is the most Christian country in Africa. More than 90% of its people are baptized Christians, with the Roman Catholic and Anglican Churches having the greatest number of adherents. According to Archbishop Desmond Tutu: "The story of Rwanda shows both sides of our humanity. The churches were sometimes quite superb in what they did in the face of intimidation and at great cost to themselves. But there were other times when Ýthey ̈ failed dismally and seemed to be implicated in ways that have left many disillusioned, disgruntled and angry." Genocide In Rwanda provides a variety of perspectives through which to assess the complex questions and issues surrounding the topic, and, even raise some new questions that could provide some new insight into this historical event. They are questions we must ask - otherwise, how can the Church begin to make moral restitution, change structures and behaviors, and once again reveal the human face of God in our fragile world?
Download or read book Picking Up the Pieces written by Samuel Cyuma and published by Wipf and Stock Publishers. This book was released on 2012-05-22 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last ten years of the 20th century, the world was twice confronted with unbelievable news from Africa. First, there was the end of Apartheid in South Africa. Who would have thought that such a change would be possible without bloodshed? But the miracle happened, due to responsible political and Church leaders and as a result of the unique processes organized through the Truth and Reconciliation Commission under the leadership of Archbishop Desmond Tutu. The second unbelievable experience from Africa was of a rather different and awfully shocking nature: the mass killings in Rwanda. This event soon developed into a real genocide and created a wave of horror around the world. There, political and Church leaders had been unable to prevent this crime against humanity.
Download or read book The Catholic Church and the Struggle for Zimbabwe written by Ian Linden and published by Longman Publishing Group. This book was released on 1980 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book's central theme is about the ideological struggle within the Church between 1959 and 1979 under the impact of African nationalism. It documents the critical role of the Rhodesian Justice and Peace Commission, and describes the relationships among missionaries, guerrillas and African political leaders and the accompanying propaganda battle.
Download or read book From Democratization to Ethnic Revolution written by James Jay Carney and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the shadow of a 1994 genocide which cost nearly 800,000 lives, 20th-century Rwandan history has become a highly polemical and contested field. This is especially true for the history of the Catholic Church, one of the dominant social, political and religious institutions in Rwanda from the 1920s to the 1990s. This dissertation explores Catholic politics in Rwanda between colonial Belgium's introduction of political reforms in 1950 and Rwandan independence in 1962. The primary subjects of the thesis are Rwanda's two preeminent church leaders of the period, the Swiss White Father Mgr. André Perraudin and the Rwandan prelate Mgr. Aloys Bigirumwami. In engaging the pastoral writings and personal correspondence of Perraudin and Bigirumwami, this study analyzes the two bishops' reactions to the rapid political developments of the 1950s, their divergent analyses of the contested Hutu-Tutsi question, and their grappling with ethnic violence during the revolutionary changes of 1959 to 1962. This study also evaluates how Catholic bishops responded to Rwanda's first major ethnic massacres in 1963-64 and 1973. Drawing on newly released archival material from the period, this dissertation highlights the extent to which the Catholic major seminary and other church institutions served as sites of contestation in Rwanda's growing inter-racial and intra-ethnic disputes. Post-genocide scholars have critiqued the close association of church and state during Rwanda's colonial period and highlighted missionary contributions to the hardening of Hutu-Tutsi identities. Overlooked in this standard narrative, however, is the complexity of Catholic political discourse in the early 1950s, a discourse in which the Hutu-Tutsi question was oddly muted. In turn, the emergence of the Hutu-Tutsi question in elite Catholic circles in the later 1950s reflected a broader array of ideological contexts than ethnicism, including decolonization, democratization, anti-communism, Catholic social teaching, and rising intra-clerical tensions. By returning to the 1950s genesis of Hutu and Tutsi as political identities, this dissertation sheds light on how and why this cleavage became the fulcrum of post-colonial Rwandan politics in church and state alike, offering constructive lessons for Christian ecclesiology and social ethics.
Download or read book Chaplains of the Militia written by Chris McGreal and published by Guardian Books. This book was released on 2014-04-02 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1994 Rwandan genocide was the last great bloodletting of the century that came to define organised mass killing. 800,000 Tutsis were murdered by their Hutu countrymen, ordinary citizens joining in the killing alongside militia and army. The violence was driven by incendiary politicians and generals. But one global institution stands accused of complicity in the mass killings and protecting some of the murderers to this day. Reviews “An essential and damning work. McGreal’s investigation of the priests who took part in the genocide in Rwanda, and of the criminal complicity of the Vatican and other churches that continue to shelter their blood-stained clergy from the law, is a sober and sobering indictment of the betrayal of humanity in the name of God. The story it tells should be read widely.” - Philip Gourevitch, author of ‘We Wish to Inform You that Tomorrow We Will Be Killed with Our Families: Stories From Rwanda’ “The sheer evil of the Rwandan genocide and the hypocrisy, deceit and moral cowardice that defined the world’s responses to it are distilled in the story of the extraordinarily sinister Catholic priest around whom this gripping book is built. Chris McGreal, one of the great contemporary reporters on Africa, tracks the priest down and finds that, two decades after a horror in which he bloodily took part, he remains at large in France, still exercising his holy duties with the protection and blessing of his congregation, the Vatican and the French state.” - John Carlin, author of Playing the Enemy, basis for the film Invictus The Catholic church should have been at the forefront of moral opposition to the massacres. Instead it was virtually silent as churches across Rwanda were turned into human slaughterhouses, compromised by an archbishop closely allied with the politicians behind the genocide. Some clergy courageously resisted the killers but their bishops were not there to back them. Other priests and nuns joined the murderers, overseeing the torture and slaughter of citizens who had turned to the church for refuge. After the violence ended, the Vatican spirited guilty members of the clergy out of the country, and over time, quietly worked them into parishes across Europe. Chaplains of the Militia is the extraordinary story of those priests accused of complicity in genocide. Chris McGreal takes us from Rwanda in 1994, where he stood among the bodies at one of the many massacres in churches, to modern day France in pursuit of a priest notorious during the genocide for wearing a gun and selecting victims for the machete-waving militia. He investigates the roots of the Catholic church’s complicity in the ideology that underpinned the mass killings, confronting bishops and priests with a past some would rather forget. And, in an echo of the scandal over paedophile priests, he exposes the Vatican’s continued protection of clergy with blood on their hands. Reviews “An essential and damning work. McGreal’s investigation of the priests who took part in the genocide in Rwanda, and of the criminal complicity of the Vatican and other churches that continue to shelter their blood-stained clergy from the law, is a sober and sobering indictment of the betrayal of humanity in the name of God. The story it tells should be read widely.” - Philip Gourevitch, author of We Wish to Inform You that Tomorrow We Will Be Killed with Our Families: Stories From Rwanda “The sheer evil of the Rwandan genocide and the hypocrisy, deceit and moral cowardice that defined the world’s responses to it are distilled in the story of the extraordinarily sinister Catholic priest around whom this gripping book is built. Chris McGreal, one of the great contemporary reporters on Africa, tracks the priest down and finds that, two decades after a horror in which he bloodily took part, he remains at large in France, still exercising his holy duties with the protection and blessing of his congregation, the Vatican and the French state.” - John Carlin, author of Playing the Enemy basis for the film Invictus
Download or read book The Church and the Awakening of Faith written by Emile Nsengimana and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1994, Rwanda experienced one of the greatest crimes of the twentieth century, perpetrated by Hutu against their Tutsi neighbors, friends, and relatives. This tragedy, which lasted less than 100 days and during which more than one million Tutsi perished, was the result of political manipulation of the only three socio-economic groups belonging to the Rwandan community. The genocide of the Tutsis, which was prepared and executed with systematic cruelty is unique in the world. Not only did it last for a short period of time with a very large number of victims, but also it was perpetrated by Rwandans against other Rwandans. Beyond that, the genocide against the Tutsi occurred in a country which appeared to be a model of Christianity in Africa. Christians killed other Christians often from the same denomination. Such a tragedy challenges the deepness of Christianity on Rwanda. After the genocide of the Tutsi, reconciliation and justice programs have been set up, but they have not delivered the expected results. This study proposes a reconciliation based on a deep relationship with God. A Christian reconciliation cannot only heal the wounds of the genocide but also especially can help Rwandans to live their Christian values and transcend their racial identities.
