Download or read book Cholesterol Screening Adults and Children written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highlights information on public cholesterol screening in adults and children, provided by the American Heart Association. Notes that the screenings can detect large numbers of people with high blood cholesterol level. Discusses the measurement of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and total cholesterol in public screenings.

Download or read book Screening for Lipid Disorders in Children and Adolescents written by U. S. Department of Health and Human Services and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2013-06-22 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dyslipidemias are disorders of lipoprotein metabolism, including elevations in total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), or triglycerides (TG) or deficiencies of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). These disorders can be acquired or familial and are related to genetic conditions such as familial hypercholesterolemia in some individuals. Children and adolescents with dyslipidemia may have dyslipidemia as adults. The relationship between dyslipidemia and coronary heart disease (CHD) in adults is well-established. The prevalence of other CHD risk factors, such as overweight, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome, is increasing among children and adolescents. Overweight is the primary factor contributing to development of metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents. The relationship between childhood and adult dyslipidemia, increasing prevalence of related CHD risk factors in children, as well as continued emphasis on primary prevention of CHD has raised interest in screening for dyslipidemia in children. Identification of children with dyslipidemia could lead to intervention services or treatment that might prevent or delay adult dyslipidemia and CHD. This rationale lends support to consideration of screening for dyslipidemia as part of routine well-child care and at other opportunities. This evidence synthesis focuses on the strengths and limitations of evidence about identifying and managing children and adolescents found to have dyslipidemia by screening in the course of routine primary care. Its objective is to determine the balance of potential benefits and adverse effects of screening for the development of guidelines by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). The target population includes children and adolescents age 0-21 years without previously known conditions associated with dyslipidemia. Among this population, there is potential to identify children and adolescents with dyslipidemia from among three groups: Those with undiagnosed monogenic dyslipidemias such as familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), those with undiagnosed secondary causes of dyslipidemia, and those with idiopathic dyslipidemia (polygenetic, multi-factorial or risk factor associated). Key Questions addressed include: KQ1. Is Screening for Dyslipidemia in Children/adolescents Effective in Delaying the Onset and Reducing the Incidence of CHD-related Events? KQ2. What is the Accuracy of Screening for Dyslipidemia in Identifying Children/adolescents at Increased Risk of CHD-related Events and Other Outcomes? KQ2a. What are Abnormal Lipid Values in Children/adolescents? KQ2b. What are the Appropriate Tests? How Well do Screening Tests (Non-fasting Total Cholesterol, Fasting Total Cholesterol, Fasting Lipoprotein Analysis) Identify Individuals with Dyslipidemia? KQ2c. How Well do Lipid Levels Track from Childhood to Adulthood? KQ2d. What is the Accuracy of Family History in Determining Risk? KQ2e. What are Other Important Risk Factors? KQ2f. What are Effective Screening Strategies for Children/adolescents (Including Frequency of Testing, Optimal Age for Testing)? KQ3. What are the Adverse Effects of Screening (Including False Positives, False Negatives, Labeling)? KQ4. In Children/adolescents, What is the Effectiveness of Drug, Diet, Exercise, and Combination Therapy in Reducing the Incidence of Adult Dyslipidemia, and Delaying the Onset and Reducing the Incidence of CHD-related Events (Including Optimal Age for Initiation of Treatment)? KQs5 - 8. What is the Effectiveness of Drug, Diet, Exercise, and Combination Therapy for Treating Dyslipidemia in Children/adolescents? KQ9. What are the Adverse Effects of Drug, Diet, Exercise, and Combination Therapy in Children/adolescents? KQ10. Does Improving Dyslipidemia in Childhood Reduce the Risk of Dyslipidemia in Adulthood? KQ11. What are the Cost Issues Involved in Screening for Dyslipidemia in Children/adolescents?

Download or read book Dyslipidemia Screening in Children written by Lorenza Saldivar and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Dyslipidemia, or high cholesterol levels, continues to be an issue in adults in the United States. About 93 million adults and nearly 7% of children in the U.S. have high cholesterol levels, which increases their risk for other chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and stroke. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and the U.S. Preventative Task Force (USPTF) recommended that all children between the ages of 9-11 years old get screened for lipid disorders, otherwise known as inversal lipid screening. Despite these recommendations, the universal dyslipidemia screening rates for this population in primary care settings remain low. Purpose: This evidence-based project focuses on improving universal dyslipidemia screening rates in a primary care clinic. The aim is to incoporate a point of care checklist to aid providers and to facilitate the process. The frameworks used in this project are the Model for Improvement and Lewin's Theory of Change. Methods: An educational in-service was provided to the health care provider team, which consists of three doctoral prepared nurse practitioners and one nurse practitioner students. The in-service included information regarding current literature on the effects of high cholesterol levels in children and the potential effect that those levels will have on their health later in life. In addition, the most current diagnostic tools were proivded in order to improve providers' confidence level on this topic. A pre//post survey will be provided to participants to measure their confidence level before and after the educational intervention. A retrospective chart audit comparing screening rates from 2020 and 2021 was also performed to assess effectivity of diagnostic tools. Results: This project measured providers' confidence level when treating dyslipidemia screening in children before and after the project implementation period. Although the results of the survey were not considered statistically significant, there was some clinical significance as evidenced by reviewing the survey questions individually. The project also compared the number of children who were screened within the same time period in 2020 versus the number of children screened during the project implementation period. The dyslipidemia screening rates in children ages 9-11 increased from 0% to 72.7%. Conclusion/Recommendations: For future implementation, the plan of care checklist will be adapted into an electronic version. The recommendation is that Affinity Family Practice continues to use the tools provided for screening and diagnostic purposes. This will continue to help increase the dyslipidemia rates in children ages 9-11 and promote wellness and prevention of chronic diseases.

Download or read book Coronary Primary Prevention Trial written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Management of Dyslipidemia written by Wilbert S. Aronow and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-07-21 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular events, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality. The earlier in life dyslipidemia is treated, the better the prognosis. The current book is an excellent one on dyslipidemia written by experts on this topic. This book includes 12 chapters including 5 on lipids, 4 on hypercholesterolemia in children, and 3 on the treatment of dyslipidemia. This book should be read by all health care professionals taking care of patients, including pediatricians since atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease begins in childhood.

Download or read book Screening for Lipid Disorders in Children and Adolescents written by Elizabeth M. Haney and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CONTEXT: Dyslipidemias, disorders of lipid metabolism, are important risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD). Identification of children with dyslipidemias could lead to interventions aimed at decreasing their risk of CHD as adults. OBJECTIVE: To determine the strengths and limits of evidence about the effectiveness of selecting, testing, and managing children and adolescents with dyslipidemia in the course of routine primary care. Screening children and adolescents has the potential to identify three groups with dyslipidemia: those with 1) undiagnosed monogenic dyslipidemia, 2) undiagnosed secondary dyslipidemia, and 3) idiopathic dyslipidemia (polygenic, risk factor associated, or multifactorial). Key questions examined a chain of evidence about the accuracy and feasibility of screening children in various settings, tracking of lipid levels through childhood to adulthood, role of risk factors in selecting children for screening, effectiveness of interventions for children identified with dyslipidemia, and adverse effects of screening and interventions. DATA SOURCES: Relevant studies were identified from multiple searches of MEDLINE, PsychInfo, the Cochrane database of systematic reviews and controlled clinical trials, and EMBASE (1966 to September 2005). Additional articles were obtained from recent systematic reviews, reference lists of pertinent studies, reviews, editorials, and websites, and by consulting experts. STUDY SELECTION: Eligible studies were applicable to U.S. clinical practice, available in English, and provided primary data relevant to key questions. Cohort studies were used for assessment of risk factors. Comparative and non-comparative prospective studies of screening for dyslipidemia in children provided information on the efficacy of these programs and the accuracy of screening with family history information. Randomized, non-randomized and non-comparative studies were used for assessment of risk factors. Only randomized controlled trials were considered for examining the effectiveness of interventions. Studies of children with previously diagnosed monogenic dyslipidemia were considered for the evaluation of treatment because those are the only children in whom some drugs have been tested. DATA EXTRACTION: Data were extracted from each study and entered into evidence tables. DATA SYNTHESIS: Studies were summarized by descriptive methods and rated for quality using criteria developed by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). Normal values for lipids for children and adolescents are currently defined according to population levels (percentiles). More recent studies indicate age, sex, and racial differences and temporal trends that shift cut points. Tracking of lipid levels through childhood is strongest for TC and LDL. Approximately 40-55% of children with elevated total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) defined by percentile will continue to have elevated lipids on follow-up. Current screening recommendations based on family history will fail to detect substantial numbers (30-60%) of children with elevated lipids. Evidence from epidemiologic studies establish a strong statistical association between overweight and elevations in lipids whereas other risk factors (diet, physical inactivity, aerobic capacity/fitness, puberty level and smoking) have not been adequately assessed. Currently recommended screening strategies have limited diagnostic accuracy, low adherence to guidelines by providers, and limited compliance by parents and children. No trials compare strategies of screening in children. Parental non-compliance with screening and follow-up recommendations is reported. Drug treatment for dyslipidemia in children has been studied only in children with familial monogenic dyslipidemias (familial hypercholesterolemia [FH] or familial combined hyperlipidemia [FCH]). In this population, 9 randomized controlled trials demonstrate the effectiveness of statins for reducing TC and LDL (% mean reduction from meta-analysis of trials: 24.4%[95% CI 19.5, 29.2] for TC, 30.8% [95% CI 24.1, 37.5] for LDL, 8 studies). Two fair quality trials showed benefit from bile acid binding resins. Randomized controlled trials of diet supplements (psyllium, oat, garlic extract, and sterol margarine) and advice showed marginal improvements in lipids in children with monogenic dyslipidemia. For children without monogenic dyslipidemia, a good quality study showed that high intensity counseling is effective in reducing TC and LDL levels while the intervention is sustained, but not after it ceases. Other studies of diet advice showed no or minimal improvement. Dietary fiber supplements had mixed results in two trials in children and adolescents without monogenic dyslipidemia, and one oat bran supplement trial showed no effect. Six trials of exercise demonstrated little or no improvements in lipids for children without monogenic dyslipidemia (% mean reduction from meta-analysis of trials: 0% [-5.6, 5.6] for TC, 3.1% [-7.7, 1.5] for LDL, 4 studies). Eighty-one controlled and non-controlled studies of treatment reported a variety of adverse effects of drug, diet, exercise, and combination therapy in children and adolescents. There are reports of growth retardation and nutritional dwarfing in children and adolescents for whom formal dietary assessment and advice was delayed. Although reported adverse effects were not serious, studies were generally small and not of sufficient duration to determine long-term effects of either short or extended use. CONCLUSIONS: Normal values for lipids for children and adolescents are currently defined according to population levels (percentiles). Tracking of lipid levels in children is variable, although evidence is stronger for TC and LDL than for HDL and TG. Screening using family history misses substantial numbers of children with elevated lipids. Most trials of drug interventions demonstrate improvement, but these trials were performed in selected groups of children. Several key questions could not be addressed because of lack of studies, including the effectiveness of screening on adult CHD or lipid outcomes, optimal ages and intervals for screening children, cost-effectiveness of screening, or the effects of treatment of lipids in childhood on adult CHD outcomes. KEYWORDS: Dyslipidemia; Children; Screening.

Download or read book Highlights of the Report of the Expert Panel on Blood Cholesterol Levels in Children and Adolescents written by National Cholesterol Education Program (U.S.). Expert Panel on Blood Cholesterol Levels in Children and Adolescents and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Principles and Practice of Screening for Disease written by J. M. G. Wilson and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The basic principles of early disease detection, practical considerations, including the application of screening procedures in a number of different disease conditions, and, finally, present techniques and possible developments in methodology. Screening for the chronic non-communicable diseases prevalent in the more advanced countries froms the main subject of the report, but the problems facing countries at other stages of development and with different standards and types of medical care are also discussed, and because of this communicable disease detection is also dealth with to some extent.

Download or read book Guideline Sugars Intake for Adults and Children written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2015-03-31 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guideline provides updated global, evidence-informed recommendations on the intake of free sugars to reduce the risk of NCDs in adults and children, with a particular focus on the prevention and control of unhealthy weight gain and dental caries. The recommendations in this guideline can be used by policy-makers and programme managers to assess current intake levels of free sugars in their countries relative to a benchmark. They can also be used to develop measures to decrease intake of free sugars, where necessary, through a range of public health interventions. Examples of such interventions and measures that are already being implemented by countries include food and nutrition labelling, consumer education, regulation of marketing of food and non-alcoholic beverages that are high in free sugars, and fiscal policies targeting foods and beverages that are high in free sugars. This guideline should be used in conjunction with other nutrient guidelines and dietary goals, in particular those related to fats and fatty acids (including saturated fatty acids and trans-fatty acids), to guide development of effective public health nutrition policies and programmes to promote a healthy diet.

Download or read book Lipid Screening in Childhood for Detection of Multifactorial Dyslipidemia written by Paula Lozano and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BACKGROUND: For purposes of this report, multifactorial dyslipidemia refers to dyslipidemias involving elevated total cholesterol (TC) or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) that are not familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). There is evidence that elevated TC and LDL-C concentrations in childhood, and especially adolescence, are associated with markers of atherosclerosis in young adults. CONCLUSIONS: We found no direct evidence for an effect of cholesterol screening on intermediate or health outcomes. Only one study provided a diagnostic yield for TC screening (5.8%). Simulated diagnostic yields in data from large U.S. population-based studies show variation in TC concentrations by age and body mass index. There were no studies of diagnostic yield in selective screening and no studies on the harms of screening. No evidence was found for an effect of treatment on health outcomes in adulthood (MI and stroke). Dietary counseling may lower TC and LDL-C concentrations by 5 to 7 mg/dL over 3 years, but this intervention was relatively intensive and the effect on lipids dissipates by 5 years. No studies of lipid-lowering medications met the inclusion criteria. There is fair evidence of the safety of dietary intervention in 8- to 10-year-olds. In one longitudinal study using NHANES data combined for both sexes, neither very high nor moderately increased TC concentrations in 12- to 39-year-olds was independently associated with death before age 55 years. Research needs include randomized trials of screening strategies with confirmatory testing and long-term followup, as well as rigorous RCTs of promising medications, supplements, and dietary interventions with long-term followup. Long-term followup of pediatric cohorts is needed to better establish the long-term health risks conferred by elevated concentrations of TC and LDL-C. Although not the focus of this systematic review, our findings support a re-examination of the commonly accepted fixed NCEP thresholds indicating elevated TC and LDL-C concentrations and a reconsideration of age- and sex-specific thresholds.

Download or read book Comparing the Predicted Benefits and Harms of Using Adult Versus Child Guidelines for Lipid Testing and Treatment in 17 to 21 year olds written by Angie Mae Rodday and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BACKGROUND: Early cholesterol screening and treatment in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) may improve cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes from lifelong high cholesterol; however, it remains controversial, and pediatric and adult lipid guidelines conflict. OBJECTIVES: (Aim 1) To assess variation in patient-centered preferences about cholesterol screening and treatment from 17- to 21-year-old AYAs with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), with obesity (OB), and also healthy (HA) and parents. (Aim 2) To compare cholesterol guideline strategies for AYAs. METHODS: A diverse 20-member stakeholder panel informed our approach. For aim 1, we conducted an observational study of preferences using semistructured interviews incorporating vignettes, visual analogue scales (VAS), and open-ended questions about cholesterol screening and treatment scenarios. For aim 2, we performed a literature review and evidence synthesis and analyzed national data to estimate FH prevalence as key inputs for simulation and statistical models comparing the effectiveness of pediatric versus adult cholesterol guidelines for (1) 1-year screening and treatment outcomes in AYAs (including patient-centered quality of life estimates [VAS] from aim 1); (2) 30-year cardiovascular disease incidence; and (3) life expectancy for AYAs, including FH patients. RESULTS: In aim 1, AYAs (n = 41) and parents (n = 35) from all groups (FH, OB, HA) perceived that all cholesterol screening scenarios would result in comparatively less than perfect health, with the high-risk result being furthest from perfect health (median = 0.50; IQR = 0.31-0.60). Notably, responses varied substantially, with minimum and maximum VAS ranging from 0.25 to 1.0 for lifestyle changes and 0.20 to 0.99 for statin. In aim 2, over 1 year the pediatric versus adult guidelines in the US population resulted in 240 000 additional AYAs receiving new statin prescriptions, 2 million AYAs being referred for intensive lifestyle interventions, and 600 000 fewer AYAs receiving standard-of-care lifestyle advice. Both guidelines yielded similar 1-year cholesterol levels for AYAs with high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, but pediatric guidelines yielded larger declines for those with moderately high LDL-C. When applying VAS scores, adult guidelines resulted in higher 1-year VAS-adjusted outcomes for diagnosis, treatment, and diagnosis plus treatment because the pediatric guidelines led to more diagnoses of high cholesterol and more statin and lifestyle interventions, which negatively affected perceived health. For the 20.4 million 20-year-olds in the United States, the Pencina model predicted the pediatric guidelines would produce lower average individual 30-year CVD event likelihood compared with adult guidelines (3.13% [95% CI, 2.97%-3.30%] versus 3.18% [95% CI, 3.00%-3.35%]), resulting in 10 200 fewer CVD events over 30 years. The primary benefit of screening from either approach accrued to AYA with FH, who experienced a 2.1-year increased survival. The pediatric guidelines provided additional benefit over the adult guidelines to the 530 000 AYA with LDL of 130 mg/dL to 189 mg/dL, increasing average life expectancy by 63 days. CONCLUSIONS: We found cholesterol screening and treatment impacts AYAs' perceptions of their current health, with broad variability in responses. The pediatric versus adult lipid guidelines would lead to more diagnoses and treatment, thereby lowering LDL and increasing survival. Long-term follow-up of AYAs undergoing cholesterol screening and treatment is needed to understand the real-world impact of cholesterol guidelines on patient-centered experiences and CVD events.

Download or read book Pediatric Laboratory Medicine written by Patricia M. Jones and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2017-05-22 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A complete full-color guide to medical laboratory test selection and test result interpretation for disorders and diagnoses specific to pediatric and neonatal populations Laboratory medicine practiced at a pediatric institution has unique characteristics specific to infants and children, who differ both metabolically and biochemically from adults. Many aspects of laboratory medicine are affected by these differences, from basic, day-to-day operational issues through test selection for pediatric-specific disorders. However, most references in laboratory medicine merely touch upon pediatrics – and offer little if any coverage of variations in testing and results for different age groups, or the many diseases and disorders most common in infants and children. Pediatric Laboratory Medicine is specifically written to fill this critical void in the literature. Now, for the first time, all important reference material concerning pediatric laboratory medicine is available in one convenient, up-to-date resource. Pediatric Laboratory Medicine teaches the effective operation of a pediatric clinical operation, and also provides guidelines for teaching trainees. This unique text delivers the how-to instruction necessary to ensure proper handling and testing of pediatric specimens to ensure accurate diagnosis. Valuable learning aids include learning objectives, end-of-chapter review questions, and references for further study. Written by experienced clinicians, the book’s seventeen chapters cover virtually every important topic – from daily issues in the practice of pediatric laboratory medicine to common tests and considerations to inborn errors of metabolism and therapeutic drug monitoring. Enhanced by numerous tables and high-quality full-color images, this authoritative resource delivers everything necessary for effective pediatric laboratory medicine training and practice.

Download or read book Manual of Laboratory Operations written by National Heart and Lung Institute. Lipid Research Clinics Program. Laboratory Methods Committee and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Child Advocacy written by Gary Melton and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-04-13 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The details of the history of child advocacy have been vividly described in an article by Takanishi (1978). In reviewing her work and that of others, four historical phases in child advocacy can be identified: 1. The first period was the evolution of the concept of childhood as a distinct and separate developmental stage. Aries (1962) has described how the concept of childhood as a period different from adulthood did not evolve philosophically until the sixteenth century. It was only after that time, through the influence of Rousseau and other philosophers, that childhood was seen, at first romantically, and later more realistically, as a special time for growth and learning, with unique styles and mechanisms. 2. It was not until the nineteenth century, however, with the rapid rise that a formal effort was made to of science and major socioeconomic changes identify and try to meet children's needs. A number of organizations specifi cally devoted to children arose and attempts to help children in ways consis tent with the developing knowledge became a major social issue. Initially, the interest was in children's health with infant mortality, child labor, and safety as paramount issues. Although socioeconomic factors initiated the change (children's labor was no longer economically necessary), a basic humanistic philosophy underlay this phase. Major dedication to alleviating the pain and injury done to children who were helpless to defend themselves and who were being deprived of opportunities for growth became the goal.

Download or read book Controlling Cholesterol For Dummies written by Carol Ann Rinzler and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-04-27 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The latest ways to lower cholesterol and reduce the risk of heart disease Need to get your cholesterol in check? You’ll find the latest information about cholesterol, including treatments, drug information, and dietary advice, in Controlling Cholesterol For Dummies, 2nd Edition, an easy-to-understand guide to cholesterol control. You’ll learn how to lower your numbers and maintain healthy cholesterol levels. You’ll also find out how to eat and exercise properly, use vitamins and supplements, and quit unhealthy habits. You’ll find out cholesterol’s positive functions and why too much can be a bad thing. You can also assess your cholesterol risk by taking your age, sex, ethnicity, and family history into consideration. Find out what you need to ask your doctor about stress tests, ECBT, and angiograms to check for plaque buildup. Design a cholesterol-crushing diet and understand which foods can help you lower your numbers. Find out how smoking, alcohol, exercise, excess weight, supplements, and prescription medications affect your cholesterol levels. Find out how to: Assess your cholesterol risk Understand the benefits and risks associated with cholesterol Design and adhere to a cholesterol-lowering diet Avoid dangerous drugs Reduce your risk of heart attack Choose fats and fibers correctly Check for plaque buildup Complete with lists of ten important cholesterol websites, ten nutrition websites, ten cholesterol myths, ten landmarks in cholesterol history, ten foods that raise your cholesterol, and ten foods that lower your cholesterol, Controlling Cholesterol For Dummies, 2nd Edition will help keep your cholesterol levels under control for good!

Download or read book Epidemiology of Diabetes written by Jahangir Moini and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-03-19 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epidemiology of Diabetes addresses the patterns, risk factors and prevention tactics for the epidemic of diabetes in the US population. Diabetes is a costly and common disease that needs serious attention and awareness. Diabetes causes devastating consequences, such as neuropathy, retinopathy, nephropathy and vasculopathy. This succinct reference focuses on current data and research on diabetes, and is essential reading for diabetes care providers, as well as health care decision-makers. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has reported that more than 100 million US adults are living with diabetes or prediabetes, hence this is a timely resource on the topic. Serves as a starting point for medical professionals who are addressing the patterns, risk factors, prevention and treatment of the epidemic of diabetes in the US population Discusses the epidemic and prevalence of diabetes in the United States, covering the disability, burden and mortality of diabetes Covers the epidemiology of nutrition and diet, addressing carbohydrates and fiber, fats, protein, alcohol and nutritional intervention

Download or read book Perspectives on Children s Testimony written by Stephen J. Ceci and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perspectives on Children's Testimony presents current empirical research on the factors which influence adults' perceptions of the child witness. This volume provides researchers in both the psychological and the criminal justice communities with knowledge about adult beliefs regarding child witnesses, how these beliefs may influence jury verdicts, and the relationship of these perceptions to the credibility and accuracy of children's testimony. A variety of new techniques are employed in assessing adult views of child witnesses. Special features of the volume include: an in-depth treatment of techniques of interviewing child victims of sexual abuse, an examination of children's perceptions and knowledge of the legal system, and critical and theoretical integrations of the original, empirical papers.