Download or read book Cholera Outbreaks written by G. Balakrish Nair and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-06-13 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most feared attribute of the human pathogen Vibrio cholerae is its ability to cause outbreaks that spread like wildfire, completely overwhelming public health systems and causing widespread suffering and death. This volume starts with a description of the contrasting patterns of outbreaks caused by the classical and El Tor biotypes of V. cholerae. Subsequent chapters examine cholera outbreaks in detail, including possible sources of infection and molecular epidemiology on three different continents, the emergence of new clones through the bactericidal selection process of lytic cholera phages, the circulation and transmission of clones of the pathogen during outbreaks and novel approaches to modeling cholera outbreaks. A further contribution deals with the application of the genomic sciences to trace the spread of cholera epidemics and how this information can be used to control cholera outbreaks. The book closes with an analysis of the potential use of killed oral cholera vaccines to stop the spread of cholera outbreaks.
Download or read book The Political Life of an Epidemic written by Simukai Chigudu and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-01-30 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reveals how the crisis of Zimbabwe's cholera outbreak of 2008-9 had profound implications for political institutions and citizenship.
Download or read book Cholera written by Diane Bailey and published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. This book was released on 2010-08-15 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recounts the history and effects of cholera outbreaks, describes how the disease spreads, and offers information about treatments and threats in the modern world.
Download or read book The Cholera Epidemic of 1873 in the United States written by Joseph K. Barnes and published by . This book was released on 1875 with total page 1134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fourth cholera pandemic of the 19th century began in the Ganges Delta of the Bengal region and traveled with Muslim pilgrims to Mecca. In its first year, the epidemic claimed 30,000 of 90,000 pilgrims. Cholera spread throughout the Middle East and was carried to Russia, Europe, Africa and North America, in each case spreading via travelers from port cities and along inland waterways. The pandemic reached Northern Africa in 1865 and spread to sub-Saharan Africa, killing 70,000 in Zanzibar in 186970. Cholera claimed 90,000 lives in Russia in 1866. The epidemic of cholera that spread with the Austro-Prussian War (1866) is estimated to have taken 165,000 lives in the Austrian Empire, including 30,000 each in Hungary and Belgium, and 20,000 in the Netherlands. In June 1866, a localized epidemic in the East End of London claimed 5,596 lives, just as the city was completing construction of its major sewage and water treatment systems; the East End section was not quite complete. It was also caused by the city's overcrowding in the East End, which helped the disease to spread more quickly in the area. Epidemiologist William Farr identified the East London Water Company as the source of the contamination. Farr made use of prior work by John Snow and others, pointing to contaminated drinking water as the likely cause of cholera in an 1854 outbreak. In the same year, the use of contaminated canal water in local water works caused a minor outbreak at Ystalyfera in South Wales. Workers associated with the company, and their families, were most affected, and 119 died. In 1867, Italy lost 113,000 to cholera, and 80,000 died of the disease in Algeria. Outbreaks in North America in the 1870s killed some 50,000 Americans as cholera spread from New Orleans via passengers along the Mississippi River and to ports on its tributaries.
Download or read book John Snow and the Cholera Epidemic of 1854 written by and published by . This book was released on 2020-04-30 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Includes pictures *Includes excerpts of contemporary accounts *Includes a bibliography for further reading Plague and pestilence have both fascinated and terrified humanity from the very beginning. Societies and individuals have struggled to make sense of them, and more importantly they've often struggled to avoid them. Before the scientific age, people had no knowledge of the microbiological agents - unseen bacteria and viruses - which afflicted them, and thus the maladies were often ascribed to wrathful supernatural forces. Even when advances in knowledge posited natural causes for epidemics and pandemics, medicine struggled to deal with them, and for hundreds of years religion continued to work hand-in-hand with medicine. Inevitably, that meant physicians tried a variety of practices to cure the sick, and many of them seem quite odd by modern standards. By the time Rome was on the rise, physicians understood that contagions arose and spread, but according to Galen, Hippocrates, and other Greco-Roman authorities, pestilence was caused by miasma, foul air produced by the decomposition of organic matter. Though modern scientists have since been able to disprove this, on the face of it there was some logic to the idea. Physicians and philosophers (they were very often the same, Galen being an example) noticed that disease arose in areas of poor sanitation, where filth and rotting matter was prevalent and not disposed of, and the basic measures to prevent disease was obvious to them. In the case of cholera, once among the most dreaded diseases, a breakthrough in Victorian England occurred in the mid-19th century during one of several epidemics to assault the island. In that instance, an unassuming physician named John Snow was able to trace the environmental component in which cholera was carried. He accomplished this in large part through a painstaking map cross-referencing location and specific cases of infection within a small area of London. Eventually, he narrowed the source down to a single manual water pump in the midst of the poverty-stricken neighborhood of Soho. An extensive early education provided by the first outbreak sent him on a contrarian's path in analyzing the dreaded disease. He was not blessed with the pedigree of an aristocratic family or the attendant gifts required for a young man of social substance to seek a high-level formal education. Nevertheless, he rose to be recognized not only as the world's leading anesthetist, but also as the practitioner who proved that the cholera outbreaks in Britain were the result of polluted water. Today, he is addressed as the "Father of Epidemiology," defined by Webster as a "medical science that deals with the incidence, distribution, and control of disease in a population." At the time, however, in the face of resistance launched by more powerful and pedigreed members of the medical profession, Snow was rewarded with criticism for not successfully revealing the entirety of the disease's inner mechanics. It was only over the course of several decades that Snow was able to persuade the medical community at large of the disease's source, and the British successfully established policies that helped prevent future outbreaks. Ironically, Snow eventually gained membership in Britain's high circle of elite medical practitioners, but it was not his work on cholera that initially propelled him to global fame. Ultimately, it was his pioneering work in the new field of anesthesiology, largely unknown to Britain, that earned the applause of contemporaries. John Snow and the Cholera Epidemic of 1854: The History of the Outbreak and Its Impact on Public Health Measures examines the deadly outbreak and Snow's groundbreaking findings. Along with pictures depicting important people, places, and events, you will learn about the cholera outbreak like never before.
Download or read book Deadly River written by Ralph R. Frerichs and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2016-05-01 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In October 2010, nine months after the massive earthquake that devastated Haiti, a second disaster began to unfold—soon to become the world's largest cholera epidemic in modern times. In a country that had never before reported cholera, the epidemic mysteriously and simultaneously appeared in river communities of central Haiti, eventually triggering nearly 800,000 cases and 9,000 deaths. What had caused the first cases of cholera in Haiti in recorded history? Who or what was the deadly agent of origin? Why did it explode in the agricultural-rich delta of the Artibonite River? When answers were few, rumors spread, causing social and political consequences of their own. Wanting insight, the Haitian government and French embassy requested epidemiological assistance from France. A few weeks into the epidemic, physician and infectious disease specialist Renaud Piarroux arrived in Haiti.In Deadly River, Ralph R. Frerichs tells the story of the epidemic—of a French disease detective determined to trace its origins so that he could help contain the spread and possibly eliminate the disease—and the political intrigue that has made that effort so difficult. The story involves political maneuvering by powerful organizations such as the United Nations and its peacekeeping troops in Haiti, as well as by the World Health Organization and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. Frerichs explores a quest for scientific truth and dissects a scientific disagreement involving world-renowned cholera experts who find themselves embroiled in intellectual and political turmoil in a poverty-stricken country.Frerichs's narrative highlights how the world’s wealthy nations, nongovernmental agencies, and international institutions respond when their interests clash with the needs of the world’s most vulnerable people. The story poses big social questions and offers insights not only on how to eliminate cholera in Haiti but also how nations, NGOs, and international organizations such as the UN and CDC deal with catastrophic infectious disease epidemics.
Download or read book Cholera written by Stephanie True Peters and published by Marshall Cavendish. This book was released on 2005 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the Cholera epidemic of 1831-1834.
Download or read book Africa in the Time of Cholera written by Myron Echenberg and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-02-28 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book combines evidence from natural and social sciences to examine the impact on Africa of seven cholera pandemics since 1817, particularly the current impact of cholera on such major countries as Senegal, Angola, Mozambique, Congo, Zimbabwe and South Africa. Myron Echenberg highlights the irony that this once-terrible scourge, having receded from most of the globe, now kills thousands of Africans annually - Africa now accounts for more than 90 percent of the world's cases and deaths - and leaves many more with severe developmental impairment. Responsibility for the suffering caused is shared by Western lending and health institutions and by often venal and incompetent African leadership. If the threat of this old scourge is addressed with more urgency, great progress in the public health of Africans can be achieved.
Download or read book On the Mode of Communication of Cholera written by John Snow and published by . This book was released on 1849 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigating Cholera in Broad Street A History in Documents written by Peter Vinten-Johansen and published by Broadview Press. This book was released on 2020-03-15 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book features various accounts of a cholera outbreak in West London that killed over 500 people in ten days during the late summer of 1854. What had caused the outbreak? Local authorities of the time were flummoxed about the mode by which the disease had spread. What has become known as “the Broad Street pump episode” is one of the most significant early examples of a team-oriented investigation into the causes of an epidemic—a hallmark of epidemiology and public health today. This collection includes documents from the five separate investigations that were conducted into the possible causes. John Snow and Henry Whitehead made independent investigations; inspectors from the General Board of Health and the Sewer Commission, as well as a parish inquiry committee, also scrutinized the outbreak. This volume traces competing notions of how this disease was transmitted, starting with the first pandemic, which reached England in 1831, and it documents how they developed over time.
Download or read book The Cholera epidemic of 1873 in the United States written by United States. Surgeon-General's Office and published by . This book was released on 1875 with total page 1246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Ghost Map written by Steven Johnson and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2006 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "It is the summer of 1854. Cholera has seized London with unprecedented intensity. A metropolis of more than 2 million people, London is just emerging as one of the first modern cities in the world. But lacking the infrastructure necessary to support its dense population - garbage removal, clean water, sewers - the city has become the perfect breeding ground for a terrifying disease that no one knows how to cure." "As their neighbors begin dying, two men are spurred to action: the Reverend Henry Whitehead, whose faith in a benevolent God is shaken by the seemingly random nature of the victims, and Dr. John Snow, whose ideas about contagion have been dismissed by the scientific community, but who is convinced that he knows how the disease is being transmitted. The Ghost Map chronicles the outbreak's spread and the desperate efforts to put an end to the epidemic - and solve the most pressing medical riddle of the age."--BOOK JACKET.
Download or read book The Cholera Epidemic of 1873 in the United States written by Anonymous and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2023-10-14 with total page 1106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reprint of the original, first published in 1875.
Download or read book Naples in the Time of Cholera 1884 1911 written by Frank M. Snowden and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1995-12-14 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first extended study of cholera in modern Italy, setting Naples in a comparative international framework.
Download or read book Cholera written by Mark K. Lewis and published by Capstone. This book was released on 2019-05-01 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cholera is a deadly bacteria that lives in the soil and water. It infects millions of people every year. Read this book to learn more about the history of the infectious disease known as the blue death.
Download or read book Cholera Epidemic of 1873 in the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 1875 with total page 1134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cholera in Detroit written by Richard Adler and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2013-08-08 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the mid- to late 19th century, Detroit and the American Midwest were the sites of five major cholera epidemics. The first of these, the 1832 outbreak, was of particular significance--an unexpected consequence of the Black Hawk War. In order to suppress the Native American uprising then taking place in regions around present-day Illinois, General Winfield Scott had been ordered by President Andrew Jackson to transport his troops from Virginia to the Midwest. While passing through New York State the men were exposed to cholera, transmitting the disease to the population of Detroit once they reached that city. As a result, cholera was established as an endemic disease in the upper Midwest. Further outbreaks took place in 1834, 1849, 1854 and 1866, ultimately resulting in the deaths of hundreds of individuals. This book is the story of those outbreaks and the efforts to control them.
